Ngarava "Olympic": nyaya. "Olympic," Titanic, "" Britannicus "- transatlantic liners

Ngarava "Olympic" akamborara pfungwa dzakawanda. Panguva nezvekutanga riri chikepe zvokuti sezvo mutsva chishamiso chenyika. mukurumbira wake yadzima pamberi "Titanic" raiva chete marongerwo uye azviratidza makore maviri gare gare, asi akanga vangangonyudzwa yayo yokutanga chaizvo rwendo.

Kirasi liners "Olympic"

Pane tsika mu shipbuilding. Maererano naye, zita rakapiwa muchikepe, uye zvirongwa inoenderana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vanhuwo kazhinji kunyonganisa chikepe "yeOlympic" mukirasi imwe chete yomugungwa liners.

Pane vatatu. Chokutanga chaiva "yeOlympic", yakavakwa muna 1910. Yechipiri yaiva "Titanic", rwakazokura nyika akakurumbira pashure tsaona yake.

The wokupedzisira chikepe mukirasi iyi ainzi "Britannic". Akazviratidza pamusoro avaida World War First uye pakarepo akatanga kuita mishoni muchiuto, kusanganisira kutungamidza varwi akuvara. Mushure Vols shanu inobudirira kwave vasanyanya pedyo wokuGermany zvangu 1916.

Shipbuilding indasitiri pakutanga of XX remakore

Mumakore aya, rehurumende rengarava nyika dzokuEurope vakashanda vainyanya chokuti tichikunda kumhanya zvinyorwa zvitsva, uye zvikuru incredible yakagadzirwa zvinoita kuti kuenda kure kumatunhu. Atlantic Ocean zvava kutonyanya kukosha kuva nzira, sezvo pane cruising midziyo kubva kukura nokukurumidza United States kuti Europe uye shure. Zvifambiswe dzinonetsa zvinorema uye vakawanda vatama. Chimwe chiratidzo chinokosha pamusoro yaitonga - kuwedzera yairwisana kwemasimba enyika pamusoro avaida World War First.

British kutumirwa kambani White Star Line kuti rudzi vakarasika. chikuru vakwikwidzi ayo vokuGermany nevamwe mugadziri Chirungu - Cunard Line. Yokupedzisira akava mutungamiri indasitiri kubva shipyard kwayo mugungwa akauya mbiri itsva chizvarwa liner - ". Lusitania" "Mauritania" uye Vakanga zvakasiyana kwete chete guru iri kukura, asi Fleet unhu. "Lusitania" muna 1907 akamedura nokukurumidza chinyorwa muAtlantic mumvura, zvakasara pasigasvikirwi kunyange kupfuura makore 20.

Against kumashure ichi, kuti tycoon Dzhon Morgan, uyo aiva muridzi White Star Line, akasarudza kuti inodarika kuti makwikwi uye akaisa mainjiniya ake basa rakasikwa chinhu here chaizvo. Basa iri raiva chikepe "yeOlympic" uye vaviri "mukoma" yake.

zvinoitwa

Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe zvikepe, ngarava matsva akasiyana yakakura. tonnage yavo vakapfuura tonnage mumwechete "Mauritania" iri hafu. miganhu izvi havabvumirwi kutora nokukurumidza zvinyorwa, injini yacho zvimwe vashandise zvinhu zvakawanda.

Asi zvakabvumiranwa kuti Zvinokosha mudziyo mutsva achava kwayo ikapenya hwokusanyara. Chimwe chakanakira anonzi yakachengeteka. The vagadziri vakati kuti zvikepe itsva unsinkable Vongai kwegadziriro nezvikamu anoverengeka. Kana pakakoromoka achava pekugara, mafashamo chete chiduku muchikepe zvichakubatsira vanorichengeta yerera.

chivimbo chokuti ikava njodzi. Kana chaizvoizvo "yeOlympic" iri akata- voos, ari "Titanic" - chikepe chiratidzo - akafa yaakatanga rwendo.

Engine New rinoshanda boilers, uye pakukwanisa kwayo ndiko 50 zviuru horsepower. Ngarava yaiva 2435 mubhazi vakashumira vashandi vake nevanhu 860. Length aiva 269 m, upamhi - 18 mamita. Izvi anopenga nhamba pakarepo Akakwezva venhau uye veruzhinji basa idzva. Sezvineiwo, vatana zvengarava havana kugadzirira kugamuchira midziyo makuru akadaro, nokuti chii vaifanira kuvakazve chengarava apo nzira "yeOlympic" akamhanya.

Inner liner kwakavakirwa vakanga vakakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu, zvichienderana solvency kutakura. Special kubwinya zvakasiyana yekudyira, rave akanyorerwa vanhu vanopfuura 500 uye ndicho chikamu chikuru kamuri mungarava munyika. okutanga omukati Kirasi vakasikwa manyorero dzazvino.

kutanga

Kutiza liner wokutanga akamhanya achibva British Southampton kuna Cherbourg, France, uyo akanga ari Normandy. Kubva chikepe pakarepo vakaenda New York. Sezvo swimming dzinongoita akatakura unhu bvunzo, vashandi vemo achiongorora rakavimbika uye usability pamusoro nomumakango itsva dzakawanda, chinozoiswa mungarava. Kubva musi chiitiko ichi, kuti vagadziri kunge akatanga kuchinja rinotevera racho zano yainzi "Titanic."

Mumakore okutanga kushanda zvakaitika chaizvo zviitiko, izvo, zvisinei, akanga asiri munhu dzinouraya hunhu nokuti "Olympic". Wide mbirikira vakagamuchira kudhumhana ne ngarawa liner "Hawk". Kunyange zvazvo nyaya hapana akaurayiwa, vakatanga kutongwa, aishingaira akafukidza pachaunga.

Chikonzero ichi chaiva chokuti "Hawk" vaiva hurumende rengarava. White Star Line akapomera ngarawa rikarira kukanganisa, asi dare rakatonga pakudzivirira bato. Mukuwedzera, mukuru "Olympic" Smith akanga mhosva mhosva, uye boka akatanga kubhadhara muripo wacho.

Pashure pokuwa "Titanic"

Kana kushanda "yeOlympic" yainyanya vakabudirira, chikepe yechipiri kirasi yakanga yaparara pakutanga kutiza. Mukurumbira White Star Line kwakaita hwaiva pangozi. Kuitira kuti mabhazi yakachengeteka vagutsikane, kambani akatanga apiwa yokusimbisa liner kwayo.

Uyezve, vashandi vemo vakatanga ranwa. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanira kuti hapana aida ichifamba muchikepe, vakagadzirira pamwe chete magwa aiva "Titanic". Havasi zvakanaka yakagadzwa yenhamo usiku muna North Atlantic.

Zvikepe zvatsiviwa. Uyezve, vagadziri kunge upgraded mudziyo Trim. A gore pashure pokuwa chokufananidzira "yeOlympic" akadzokera US.

The War World First

Zvisinei, kushandiswa "Olympic" somudziyo kuti rehurumende motokari haina kutora nguva refu. Pashure pemakore mashomanana makakatanwa akatanga vokuGermany, uye hurumende yeBritain requisitioned liner kuita mirairo zvechiuto.

The chikepe vakashumira muMediterranean uye yave yakanyatsoiswa akakodzera atirari. Kamafurashi aifanira kudzivirira chikepe Ngarava dzepasi pemvura German. Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi "yeOlympic" akakwanisa vapone hondo, kubudirira ferrying vakakuvadzwa kuti zvipatara. Izvi kwainzi chishamiso, kunyanya pamusoro colour kuti mapatya "Britannica" uye rufu mufambi, "Lusitania."

End kushanda

Pashure pehondo, ngarava yakanga zvakare vehurumende. Mumakore 30 chikepe "yeOlympic" atopiwa vaiona mudziyo yemazuva ano usingachashandi. Saka, pamwe yasimuka zvakava pachena kuti nokukurumidza achanyorwa kure nokuda chinyorwa. Ipapo muridzi wekambani akabatanidzwa pamwe Cunard Line.

ndege yake yokupedzisira "Olympic" akaita pamusoro zvatinosiita nzira - kubva Southampton kuNew York. Rakanga 257 pakufamba hofori. Chamuchareva, akanga ane pfuma. History of chikepe kwakanga hwakareba kudarika kwayo mapatya - ari mungarava "Titanic" uye "Britannicus" akapindira pamusoro wangu.

Pausiku parsing kuti chinyorwa simbi midziyo yacho cabins uye dzimba, somunhu zvikuru zvinokosha pfuma akanga auctioned uye kutengeswa dzakasiyana-siyana upscale establishments.

Tichienzanisa "Titanic"

Kuenzanisa uku zvinoratidza pacharo. Kazhinji vanhu vanobvunza pamusoro "yeOlympic" (chikepe): "Chii chaitika kwaari?". Just akafanana "Titanic".

Zvichida kuziva, kana asina usingaonekwi chokwadi fananidzo ndechokuti Edward Smith, uyo aiva aizivikanwa mukuru mungarava "Titanic", isati iri akaraira "Olympic". Asi zvino iye hwakatamisirwa mumwe transatlantic liner. Sendarama ruzivo nhengo vepahofisi kambani. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti iye vakazviuraya paakaziva kuti ngarava huru akatanga kunyura kukanganisa kwake. "Olympic" uye "Titanic" hakusi zvakasiyana zvikuru chitarisiko. The chete chinokosha nevhu zvaibvira kunzwisisa ndiani uyo, uriri ichi A. "Titanic" akanga glazed panzvimbo ino, apo "Olimik" rakavhurika.

Paiva misiyano miduku iri kugovera kwezvivako. Akadai se "Titanic" - ngarava ine Datenroku pamusoro rechipiri achipfeka. The "yeOlympic" akadaro sangano panzvimbo ino haana.