Brief Biography Radischeva Aleksandra Nikolaevicha. Interesting zvinhu pamusoro munyori

Radishchev pabasa rake wakakurumbira, akanyora kuti zvoutsinye mutengo landlords pamwe serfs dzavo. Akacherechedza kushaya kodzero vanhu uye chisimba kwamaitira paari. Alexander muenzaniso yokupanduka serfs, nemhepo mwoyo. Nokuti ichi aifanira kubhadhara zvikuru. Aleksandra Radischeva akatumwa kuutapwa ... With izvi zvose uye zvakawanda iwe zivisa Biography Radishchev.

Origin Radishcheva

Ngatitange pamwe mharidzo gamba redu. Radishchev Alexander Nikolaevich - akakurumbira Russian munyori uye muteveri "uzivi edzidzo." Biography Radishcheva anotanga August 31, 1749 (Old Style - August 20). It akaberekwa Alexander ipapo. Radischev Afanasiy Prokopevich, sekuru munyori yemberi, aiva mumwe yaPetro varaidza. Akamuka kuti chinzvimbo Brigadier. mwanakomana wake Nicholas Athanasius Petrovich vakapa dzidzo yakanaka. Nicholas akanga Afanasievich Radishchev Saratov vomuridzi womunda. Uye Thekla Stepanovna, mai aAlexander aibva mumhuri Argamakovyh, vanokudzwa mhuri tsaru. mwanakomana wake wedangwe akanga Alexander Radishchev. Biography uye mabasa munyori mukuru akaita yakakurumbira nezita iroro.

Training zvakarurama Ablyazov muMoscow

kuchamuka yababa yaiva Upper Ablyazov. Alexander akadzidza kuverenga nokunyora Russian pamusoro Psalter uye Bhuku Hours. Paaiva 6 nemakore, zvakanga akanzi kuna French, asi mudzidzisi wacho sarudzo akaratidza kuti kwakundikana. Zvakazozivikanwa pava paya kuti wokuFrance aiva mupoteri musoja. Baba akasarudza kutumira kuMoscow mwanakomana wake. Pano akanga mumaoko rokuchengeta wokuFrance-muperekedzi, vakambotadza aiva chipangamazano Parliament Rouen, asi aifanira kutiza pakutambudzwa Louis XV.

Alexander muna 1756 akatumirwa kuchikoro anokudzwa, ndiye paUniversity of Moscow. Makore matanhatu akaramba kunodzidziswa mairi. MuMoscow, muna September 1762 ari kugadzwa zviri Catherine II. Makurukota akawanda vakanga namapfuudzirwo paukuru pachiitiko ichi. Biography Radishchev aizivikanwa chiitiko chinokosha kwaari pamusoro 25 November: Alexander akapiwa kune mapeji.

Sezvo Radishchev akauya kunze

Akasvika muSt Petersburg muna January 1764, uye kudzidza Corps pakati Pages kusvika 1766. Apo Catherine akasarudza kutumira kuongorora kwesayenzi muLeipzig 12 vechiduku vaikudzwa, kusanganisira - 6 mapeji, anokudzwa kubudirira mukudzidzisa uye maitiro, yava imwe rombo vanoshamwaridzana uye Radishchev . Apo vadzidzi vakange vakandowanikwa kumwe, Catherine II pachake mirayiridzo kuti vanofanira kuita zvakanyorwa. Mari inokosha akapiwa zvavo kugutsikana - pakutanga nokuda 800 rubles, uye muna 1769 - chiuru pagore.

Upenyu Leipzig

Zvisinei, Major Bocoum, chakagadzwa Somutarisiri kuvanokudzwa, achimunyima zvinokosha mari yavo nyasha, saka vadzidzi vanoda. Radishchev, ane Biography tiri kufarira, akataura pamusoro kugara kwake kwose "Upenyu FV Ushakov". Takanga zvikuru makirasi siyana nevechiduku muLeipzig. Vaka uzivi, mutemo, nhoroondo. Maererano Catherine II mirayiridzo, vadzidzi vaigona riitwe pakuda, uye "sayenzi mumwe." Radishchev akasarudza kemesitiri uye mishonga. Akava nehanya navo kwete somunhu mudzidzi, asi chakakomba zvikuru. Alexander kunyange pana kuongororwa nachiremba uye zvinobudirira paaivatambudza kurapwa. Mumwe wake kufarira mabasa nokusingaperi kuramba ari kirasi kemisitiri. Radishchev aiziva mitauro (Latin, French, German). Gare gare, akadzidzawo vokuItaly uye Chirungu. Vapedza 5 makore Leipzig, Radishchev, kufanana mamwe masoja ake, akanga akanganwa mutauro wokuRussia. Saka akatanga kubata navo mokudzokera Russia achitungamirirwa Ekateriny Hrapovitskogo munyori.

Kudzokera St. Petersburg, akashumira weSeneti

Panopera kurovedza Alexander akava murume chaizvo vakadzidza, izvo panguva iyoyo zvakanga asiri zvakawanda, kwete chete pane nyika yedu asi munyika. Muna 1771 Radishchev akadzokera St. Petersburg. Nokukurumidza akabatana wenhoroondo kuti Seneti. The chinzvimbo gurukota titular Alexander zvishoma vakashumira murombo ruzivo sezvo kuzotadzira mutauro waamai, uye vakaremerwa nyaya mabhosi uye vanamabharani nokushamwaridzana.

Service padzimbahwe Bryusova I V kamerts College, muchato

Radishchev akasarudza kupinda kumuzinda General-mu-Mukuru Bryusov, uyo akarayira muSt Petersburg. Akava mukuru wevanoongorora akaunzi. Alexander muna 1775 basa, achifumira kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu yechipiri guru. Rubanovskii, mumwe shamwari yake Leipzig, akasuma Aleksandra Radischeva pamwe nemhuri mukoma. Anna Vasilievna, mwanasikana rokupedzisira, uye akaroorwa Alexander.

Muna 1778, iye Re-wechi mune kamerts-bhodhi nokuda chinzvimbo assessor. Muna 1788, Radishchev hwakatamisirwa St. Petersburg tsika. Akava mutevedzeri maneja uye ipapo maneja. Tsika, uye mune kamerts College Alexander Radishchev anokudzwa kuzvipira pabasa, kurasira, zvakakomba mafungiro mabasa avo.

The mabhuku mabasa ekutanga

Kuverenga uye kudzidza mutauro Russian akamutungamirira pakupedzisira yake mabhuku ivhu. Muna 1773, Radishchev akabudisa shanduro mabasa Mably, uye akatanga kuita nhoroondo Russia weSeneti, asi akaparadza kunyora.

Bhuku, izvo vakauya mukurumbira uye kuva dzinouraya

Biography Radishcheva mberi rufu mudzimai wake waaida. Zvino 1783. Shure kwaizvozvo, Alexander akasarudza vanoshamba kupinda mabhuku basa uye vanoiwana zvinonyaradza. Iye rakabudiswa muna 1789 "Upenyu Fedora Vasilevicha Ushakova ...". Radishchev, kushandisa chirevo Empress chokuzvisarudzira kudhinda zvinomera, akatanga mumba make uye yakabudiswa muna 1790, chikuru basa rake vanoda "Rwendo kubva St. Petersburg kuMoscow."

Panongotanga bhuku yaikurumidza akatenga kumusoro. Vasingatyi pfungwa Alexander Nikolaevich pamusoro serfdom, uyewo mamwe mananara upenyu dzezvematongerwo enyika iyoyo akaona kupfuura Catherine II, iyo munhu akapa 'Travel ... ".

Kusenza kushayikwa "Rwendo ..."

Very kuziva Biography Radishchev. Interesting zvinhu nezvake vakawanda. Havagoni huchikanganiswa pamanyorerwo imwe nyaya. Zvisinei, mumwe wavo richaguta kutaurwa. Book Radishchev akasunungurwa pamwe mvumo dare tsika, kureva iine kusenza. Zvisinei, pamusoro munyori vose zvekufamba vakanga vatangisa. Izvi zvinokwanisika sei? Chokwadi chokuti "Rwendo ..." akapfuura kusenza chete nokuti aongororwe akafunga gwaro rino. Zvechokwadi, Pakutanga, zvingaita sokuti ndizvo - musoro anotaurwa akakwirira uye mumaguta. Aongororwe akatarira chete kugutsikana uye haana yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora bhuku.

Nokusungwa uye kutendiswa

Hatifaniri pakarepo akazoziva munyori mabasa, sezvo zita rayo mubhuku haana kutaurwa. Zvisinei, pashure kusungwa dzomutengesi Zotov, muchitoro izvo vaitengesa basa Radishchev takadzidza kuti kwaiva kurwara-fated Alexander akanyora uye akabudisa basa rake. Radishchev akasungwa, uye mhosva yake "akapa" kutungamirira Sheshkovsky. Empress akanganwa kuti Alexander Radishchev akadzidza "rwokuzvarwa mutemo" uye kunze, uye muna Corps pamusoro Pages, kuti iye akapa munhu mvumo kuparidza uye kuparidza misimboti munhu, izvo ataurwa "Travel". Catherine II vakaita basa Alexander Nikolayevich pamwe zvikuru bundu. Empress Radishchev vashandi nhau uye akakwanisa kuburikidza Bezborodko rose chinhu.

Alexander akaisa panhare, apo akanga vabvunzurudzwe Sheshkovsky. Kakawanda akaratidza kuzvidemba, akaramba Radischev mabhuku akanyorwa naye. Brief Biography kwaari, zvisinei, hakufaniri kurerutsa chokwadi kuti uchapupu hwake, iye kakawanda mafungiro iwayo chete vakanga yataurwa mubasa rake. gamba redu chiratidzo kuzvidemba akanga achitarisira kuderedza chirango, kutyisidzira naye. Zvisinei, aisagona kuvanza zvaanotenda Radishchev.

Brief Biography makore akazotevera ake, ndizvo chaizvo dzinongoitika. Zviri pachena kuti njodzi Alexander Nikolayevich akanga gadziriswa pachine. Akanga mhosva kare muna chirevo kutongwa. Rakaitwa pfupi kuongorora zviri tsotsi kamuri. kugutsikana Its zvinoratidzwa tsamba Count Bezborodko Bruce, mukuru mukuru muSt Petersburg. Radishchev akatongerwa rufu.

Mitigating dambudziko

It akapfuura weSeneti uye zvadaro Council of mutongo rwukasimbiswa muna mbiri idzi, uye ipapo chinoitirwa Empress. September 4, 1790 akanga murayiro waiita, gamuchirai Alexander Nikolaevich nemhosva mhosva uye zvinzvimbo mugari mhiko pakadhindwa bhuku rino. Waini Aleksandra Radischeva, sokutaurwa mairi, zvakadai kuti akakodzera rufu. Zvisinei, kubva tsitsi uye mushure kuguma runyararo chibvumirano ne Sweden kurangwa zvakasimba kudaro chikatsiviwa nezvokunyoresa Ilim kujeri, iri kuSiberia. Anofanira kugara ikoko kwemakore 10. Ndakanga pakarepo kuisa vaurayiwe chirevo.

Makore Hard okutapwa

Dzakaoma noruzivo Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radischev. Biography ake kwakaratidzwa chakaoma bvunzo pakarepo pashure mutongo. Uyo akasungwa muzhizha ari munyori rokubviswa pasina noushamwari nguo kubva nhare. Zviri pachena Catherine II netariro kuti Radishchev, atova kutambura kwake mafungiro ake, icho ucharasika munzira. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Count Vorontsov akatuma mari kuna gavhuna Tver kuna Aleksandru Radischevu atenga zvose unofanira kwenguva refu rwendo.

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radischev, ane Biography mberi Ilim mujeri, akagara pano kweanenge 5 years. Zvisinei, akanga asina mwoyo. Radishchev aibata veko. Alexander variolating vana, akashongedzerwa pamba imwe muchoto diki, apo akatanga vachiridzira zviumbwa. Uye, chokwadi, akaramba ake mabhuku basa.

Wose nzeve akakwezva anosuruvarisa kutapwa yakakurumbira munyori sezvo Radischev Aleksandr Nikolaevich. Brief Biography kwaari arege kurasikirwa uye kuti mutongo kwaakaita, zvaiita rwakanyanya. Kakawanda vanhu, paiva nerunyerekupe kuti Alexander zvaregererwa, kuti aizokurumidza kudzokera kubva kuutapwa. Zvisinei, havana anoruramiswa.

Relations pamwe EV Rubanovskii

In kuSiberia vakasvika kwaari EV Rubanovskaya, hanzvadzi mudzimai wake wemufi, uye vakauya nevana vake vaduku (kuti vakadzidza vana vakura akagara nehama). Radishchev kuna Ilimsk vakava hwepedyo mukadzi uyu. Zvisinei, kuti kodzero yokuroora, vakanga vasina. Izvi kuenzaniswa makunakuna uye aiva kutyora mitemo yechechi. In kuutapwa Radishchev Elizabeth V. akabereka vana vatatu. Akafa muna 1797 kubva inotonhorera Tobolsk, kana kudzoka kubva pakutapwa. Zvisinei, kuti Feat womukadzi kumbofungidzira Decembrists, kwete chete haana kukosheswa venguva yake. Kunyange pashure pokufa Elizabeth V. pavo Aleksandrom Nikolaevichem akaramba mhosva. Apo Radishchev kumusha, Nikolay Afanasyevitch baba vake mapofu, akaramba kutora vazukuru. Akati kuti aroore sister- tezvara Hazvimboiti. Kana Radischev musikana akasarudza nyika, aizoita kumuwana, uye Elizabeth V. haagoni.

homecoming

Nokukurumidza pashure accession kuti chigaro Emperor Paul vakadzoka vachibva kuSiberia yakadaro inokosha nomukurumbira sezvo Radischev Aleksandr Nikolaevich. Zvisinei, Brief Biography makore akazotevera ake, kwakaratidzwa matambudziko matsva. Kangamwirai chirevo yakaitwa November 23, 1796. Alexander akarayirwa kurarama mumusha Nemtsov Kaluga dunhu, apo yake kuchamuka kwakanga. Nokuti matsamba maitiro Radishchev akapiwa kumubati. Alexander pashure pokutonga Mambo Alexander I ndakawana rusununguko zvakakwana. Akanga akadana kuna St. Petersburg. Pane akava nhengo komisheni nokuda drafting mitemo siyana Alexander Radishchev. Brief Biography ake anoputsa, zvikuru tisingazvifungiri. Izvi zvakaitika sei? Zvino imi munoziva sei vakaparara AN Radishchev. Biography ake anopedzisa zvikuru kujairika.

rufu Radishcheva

Akaberekwa uye Ilyinsky, Alexander Nikolayevich vomunguva, setifaya kuti ngano rufu rwake ichokwadi. Maererano naye, Radishchev akabvuma gwaro zvemitemo kuchinja. It akaisa kamwe zvakare mberi kusunungurwa vanhuwo zvavo. Ipapo girafu Zavadovsky, munyori chomurayiro, Alexander Nikolayevich akaita kuomesa pfungwa pfungwa dzake, achiyeuchidza naye kare ake nechido. Zavadovsky kunyange ataurwa kuSiberia vakatapwa. Radishchev, ane utano akagumbuka kwazvo, uye tsinga putswa, akanga saka aitya nokutyisidzirwa uye scolding Zavadsky, kunyange akasarudza kuzviuraya.

Alexander vakanwa muchetura. Akafa nokurwadziwa kukuru. Radishchev akafa musi September 12, 1802 pausiku. Alexander Nikolayevich akavigwa Volkov kumakuva.

Kurambidza ainzi Radishchev uye vapore

kuisa kurambidzwa zita munyori mukuru sezvo AN Long Radishchev. Brief Biography zvido zvake nhasi zhinji, asi pashure pokufa zita rake zvinenge haana kuzviratidza kudhindwa. nyaya dzakawanda pamusoro Aleksandre Nikolaeviche zvakanyorwa nguva pfupi pashure porufu rwake, uye ipapo mabhuku anenge akanyangarika zita rake. Very Kashoma rinodudzwa. Data kukwana uye Chidimbu chete vataurwa pamusoro Radishchev. Aleksandra Radischeva Batyushkov akatanga nemabasa chirongwa mumutauro Arts, inoumbwa navo. pamwe 2nd hafu 1850 chete rakabvisa pamwe zita Radishchev. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, nhau vakatanga kuonekwa zvakawanda nenyaya nezvazvo.

Uye kusvikira nhasi chinokwezva nevatsvakurudzi Biography Radishchev. Brief kugutsikana kwake "Vatariri ..." anozivikanwa nevakawanda vomunyika yedu. izvi zvose anotaura yokusafa pake somunhu munyori.