Bertolt Brecht: Biography, nhoroondo youpenyu, okugadzira zvinhu uye yakanakisisa mabhuku

Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956 gg.) - mumwe kupfuura nhamba German chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo, matarenda playwrights nguva yake, asi yake mutambo uye kachiri uye akaisa dzemitambo dzakawanda munyika. Izvi prose munyori uye nyanduri, uyewo musiki yemitambo "Berliner Ensemble". Bertolda Brehta okugadzira zvinhu zvakamutungamirira kuumba idzva zvinoitwa "enyika yemitambo." Akaberekerwa muguta wokuGermany Augsburg. Kubva pauduku hwake aifarira yemitambo, asi mhuri yake akaomerera kuti aiva chiremba, pashure chesekondari akapinda University. Lyudviga Maksimiliana muMunich.

Bertolt Brecht: Biography uye mabasa

Zvisinei, kuchinja kukuru kwakaitika pashure musangano pamwe yakakurumbira munyori wokuGermany Leon Fayhvangerom. Iye pakarepo akaona kakomana tarenda zvinoshamisa uye akataura naye kuita pedyo mabhuku. Panguva ino Brecht akapedza mutambo wake "Drums usiku", vakaisa rimwe Munich kuti dzemitambo.

Pakazosvika 1924, pashure pokupedza kudzidza yunivhesiti kukunda Berlin wechiduku Bertolt Brecht. Biography ake kunoratidza kuti iri kumirira mumwe musangano zvinoshamisa pamwe yakakurumbira mukuru Erwin Piscator. Kwapera gore, tandem izvi zvinoumba "proletarian yemitambo".

Brief Biography pamusoro Bertolda Brehta kunoratidza kuti munyori wemitambo pachake akanga asina kupfuma, uye mari yake haana kukwana kuti bhuku kutenga zvidimbu kubva nomukurumbira playwrights. Ndokusaka Brecht akasarudza kunyora yavo.

Asi akatanga tinkering pamwe rakakurumbira dambe, uye ipapo vakaenda inoshandiswa pakutsigira yakakurumbira mabhuku mabasa nokuti vaisava nyanzvi vatambi.

chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa

Creative nzira Bertolda Brehta yakatanga mutambo "The Threepenny Opera" by John Gay, mubhuku rake rinonzi "The Mupemhi wacho Opera," iyo akava mumwe wokutanga dzakadaro kuedza debut, akaisa muna 1928.

Zvarongwa inotiudza upenyu vagrants anoverengeka murombo, uyo zvaaigona, uye unotofanira kutsvaka nechouviri. Performance anenge pakarepo akava akakurumbira sevapemhi, vagrants vava haana protagonists pachikuva.

Ipapo Brecht, pamwe nemumwe wake Piscator anomuita yemitambo "Volksbühne" iri yokufungidzira wechipiri kwemajoini kutamba Gorky "Mother".

mweya chimurenga

MuGermany, apo vanhu vokuGermany vakanga vachitsvaka nzira itsva okukura uye kuvaka ehurumende, uye saka pane distemper. Uye ichi echimurenga mweya Bertolt kwazvo maererano nomudzimu paruzhinji pfungwa.

Izvi zvakateverwa mutambo itsva Brecht kuti pavaipfuura kwadzakabva yacho itsva naJ Hasek nyaya adventures ari Murwi Good Schweik. It Akakwezva vateereri kuti akanga sezvariri vakatutirana pamwe chinosetsa ezvinhu ezuva nezuva, uye Chikurukuru - mavara Anti-hondo dingindira.

Asi pano yemunyori kusagutsikana akawira vaNazi, uyo akauya simba panguva ino. Naizvozvo, kubudikidza 1933, vashandi German dzemitambo zvakarambidzwa. Pakarepo akamanikidzwa kutiza munyika uye Bertolt Brecht.

Biography anoratidza kuti panguva akanga akaroorwa yakakurumbira mutambi Elene Vaygel, uye izvozvo naye, akatamira Finland.

Jobs in Finland

Ikoko rinotanga kushanda mutambo "Mother Ushingi uye Children Her." Zano, iye kurira mubhuku German chevarwere, iyo inorondedzera adventures ane torgashki panguva War Yemakore Makumi Matatu.

State of Nazi Germany, akakoniwa ndoga, saka ini vakamutumidza ruvara enyika iri mutambo "Kutya uye Nhamo iri Third Reich" uye akaratidza kwake zvikonzero zvechokwadi kuuya Nazi Party pakati Hitler.

hondo

Panguva Second World Finland akava mutsigiri Germany, Brecht, uye saka aifanira kutama zvakare, asi panguva ino America. Anoisa pane mutambo wake mutsva "Upenyu Galileo" (1941), "The Good Munhu Szechwan", "Mr. Puntilla wake Matti muranda."

Sezvikonzero vakatorwa akakurumbira zvavo nyaya uye satire. Zvinoita sokuti kuva nyore uye rakajeka, asi Brecht, vachivabata pamwe kunanga kwouzivi akatendeuka navo nemifananidzo. Saka munyori wemitambo vakatsvaka nzira itsva kutaura pfungwa dzavo, pfungwa uye zvaunotenda.

Taganka Theater

Ake chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo zvesimba vaiva pedyo nevateereri. Rwiyo, dzimwe nguva vateereri akakokwa pachikuva uye akavaita avepo mutambo. Izvi maererano vanhu achirova nenzira. Uye kwazvo inonyatsoziva Bertolt Brecht. Biography yake ine chimwe anonakidza chinhu: zvinoitika, ari Moscow Taganka Theater akatanga kuridza Brecht. Zvisinei Director Lyubimov akaita mutambo "The Good Munhu Szechwan" pakuva yemitambo, kunyange ane mamwe mabasa mashoma.

Pakapera hondo, akadzokera pakarepo kuna Europe uye Bertolt Brecht. Biography ane ruzivo kuti akagadzirisa muAustria. Batsirwa zvesimba uye akamira ovations vaiva Mitambo ake ose, dzaakanyora shure mu America, "The Caucasian choko Circle", "Rise of Arturo Ui". Wokutanga kutamba akaratidza mafungiro ake kuti firimu Charles Chaplin kuti "The Great mudzvanyiriri" uye akaedza kupedza achiti chii haana kupedza Chaplin.

Theater "Berliner Ensemble"

Muna 1949, mumwe Berthold akakokwa kunoshanda ari GDR yemitambo "Berliner Ensemble", kwaakabereka mifananidzo mutungamiriri uye mutungamiriri. Akanyora pavaipfuura adaptations avakuru mabasa mabhuku nyika: "Vassa Zheleznov" uye "Amai" Zvinovava, "Beaver makushe jasi" uye "The Red Rooster" G. Hauptmann.

With zvesimba ake yafamba munyika uye, chokwadi, akashanyira USSR, apo muna 1954 akanga paakavapa ari Lenin Peace Prize.

Bertolt Brecht: Biography, mazita emabhuku

In mid-1955 Brecht, pazera makore 57 akatanga kunzwa kurwara chaizvo, akanga akwegura, akafamba, Akasendamira nomudonzvo. Akaita kuda umo akataura uchanja nomuviri wake haana kupfeka pachena kuratidzwa uye havana kutaura kunosuwisa asinganzwisiswi.

rimwe gore chaizvo Papera muchirimo, kushanda yemitambo iri kugadzirwa "Life Gadileya" Brekhov pamusoro makumbo anotambura zvishoma mwoyo kurwisa, akatevera, pakazopera muzhizha, utano hwake hwaipa, uye akafa yomwoyo hombe August 10, 1956.

Pano iri uye zvinokwanisika kupedza dingindira "Breht Bertold:. Biography upenyu nyaya" It chete unoramba kuwedzera kuti muupenyu hwangu hwose, murume uyu zvinoshamisa akanyora mabasa mazhinji chaiko. Best kuzivikanwa Mitambo ake, kuwedzera kune apa, zviri "Bhaari" (1918), "Murume munhu" (1920), "The Life kuti Galileo" (1939), "The Caucasian choko" uye vazhinji, vamwe vakawanda.