Ibsen Genrik: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu, dzakajeka

Ibsen Genrik zvaisambotarisirwa - akasika uye akazarura kuti nyika Norwegian Norwegian mutambo uye mitambo. mabasa ake akanga pakutanga kudanana, akanga sezvo nyaya dzekare Air sagas ( "Warriors Helgelade", "The kutamburira choumambo"). Ipapo anotendeukira kwouzivi uye kwokufananidzira kunzwisisa nyika ( "Brand", "Kuda Gynt"). Pakupedzisira, Ibsen Genrik anouya kutsoropodza muupenyu mazuva ano ( "A Doll House," "mweya," "muvengi People"). Dynamically kusimukira, H. Ibsen anoda pave paya mabasa kwakakwana Kusunungurwa wemunhu.

pauduku munyori wemitambo

Mhuri yakapfuma mutengesi Norwegian Ibsen, kurarama rwezasi, mutaundi Skien, mwanakomana Henrik ikoko muna 1828. Asi pashure masere chete nemakore, uye mhuri anoparadzwa. Life rinodonha kubva zvatinosiita denderedzwa kukurukurirana, vanotambura kushayiwa kumativi uye kusekwa vamwe. Ibsen Genrik zvishoma vasanonoka pamusoro kuchinja. Zvisinei, muchikoro, iye anotanga vakashamiswa vadzidzisi pamwe zvavainyora. Childhood ndokuguma nemakore 16, apo akatamira kune pedyo neguta uye akazova mudzidziri webasa mishonga. Anoshanda ari chezvinodhaka makore mashanu uye makore ose aya hope kuenda guru.

Muguta Christiania

Jaya Ibsen Genrik, ari kuuya muguta guru uye Christiania, nenhamo zvinhu, chikamu muupenyu enyika. Anokwanisa kuisa pfupi mutambo "Herculean murwi." Asi ake "Catiline" pane mutambo akachengeterwa. chiziviso chake uye vakakokwa kuBergen.

The National Theater

MuBergen Ibsen Genrik anova mutungamiriri uye mitambo mutungamiriri. Naye yemitambo yacho repertoire zvinosanganisira dzenhoroondo Mitambo - Shakespeare kuti Munyori, uyewo Dumas - uye Air zvidimbu. Nguva iyi kuchapedza upenyu munyori wemitambo kubva 1851 kusvika 1857. Akabva adzoka Christiania.

In guru,

Panguva ino, guta guru akamukwazisa zvikuru noushamwari. Ibsen Genrik akagadzwa Kumutungamiriri yemitambo. Kwapera gore, muna 1858, yakaitirwa muchato wake Susanna Thoresen, vachafara. Panguva ino, kutungamirira Norwegian yemitambo, atopiwa kuzivikanwa sezvo mumwe munyori wemitambo pamba kunokwana nhoroondo kutamba "Pier Sulhauge". Mitambo ake ambonyora kakawanda kupfeka pachikuva. Ndiyo "Warriors Helgelade", "Olav Lilekrans". Vatambe kwete vaKristu chete, asiwo Germany, Sweden, Denmark. Asi kana muna 1862 akauyawo kuruzhinji satirical mutambo - "mumwe mutambo rudo," izvo vaimuseka pfungwa yorudo uye muchato, asi Company kugadziridzwa chokuita munyori saka vaishora zvakasimba kuti makore maviri gare gare akamanikidzwa kusiya nyika yokumusha kwake. Achibatsirwa shamwari, iye anogamuchira bhezari uye akaenda kuRoma.

mhiri kwemakungwa

MuRoma, akanga achigara nemimba uye akaramba akazvivanza uye akanyora ndima kutamba "Brand" mumakore 1865-1866. gamba iri kutamba - muprista Brand anoda kuwana yomukati kukwana, izvo, sezvo zvinoitika, munyika iri zvamazvirokwazvo hazviiti. Akasiya mudzimai wake uye mwanakomana. Asi maonero ake nevakawanda hazvina aida, kana zviremera zvehurumende kana pakunamata. Somugumisiro, pasina rokuramba zvavanotenda, gamba anofa. Izvi chibarirwo, kubvira wose zvisikwa haatauri kuti rudo.

Kutamira Germany

Agara Trieste, kuDresden, G. Ibsen pakupedzisira rinomira muMunich. Muna 1867 akabudisa rimwe basa wokufananidzira - chaiyo pakatarisana ari kutamba mupengo mupristi "Kuda Gynt". Kuvhiringidzwa iri kudanana nhetembo kunoitika Norway, muna Morocco, muna Sahara muIjipiti uye zvakare muna Norway. Mune mumwe musha muduku, kwaanogara muduku mukomana, iye sechinoitika Joe Ridzai, mumwe murwi asingatendi kufunga sei kubatsira mai vake. Aifarira nomwero akanaka musikana Solveig, asi iye anoramba nokuti maiwe zviri mukurumbira. Lane achipinda musango uye ipapo asangana mukunda Mambo Forest, apo akagadzirira kuroorwa, asi nemhaka ichi anofanira dzikava yakaipa troll. Yakaoma vakapukunyuka ngurwa zvikara dondo, iye vanosangana pamwe kufira mumaoko mai vake. Pashure paizvozvo, kwemakore mazhinji anofamba pasi pose uye pakupedzisira, zviri akwegura uye ndachena vhudzi, anodzoka yake yaakaberekerwa musha. Hapana anoziva, kunze Pugovichnika muuki uyo akagadzirira itye mweya wake bhatani. Per achikumbira kuti reprieve kuratidza n'anga kuti wose munhu, pane safadza. Ipapo, tumbleweed, asangana vamwe iye akura Solveig akwegura. Panguva iyoyo anoziva kuti akaponeswa nokutenda uye rudo mukadzi, saka refu kumutarisira. Zvemazvirokwazvo tarenda nyaya, hwakasikwa maererano Henrik Ibsen. Works yose dzinobva nokufungidzira kwokuti zvimwe munhu wose nenhau kushaya kuda uye unzenza vasingakoshi vanhu.

World mukurumbira

Pakazopera 70-ies kuti Ibsen kuti mitambo kuvhundusa rose. Kutsoropodza upenyu ano, mutambo pfungwa zvinoumba basa Genrika Ibsena. Akanyora kudaro mabasa makuru: 1877 - "mbiru Society", 1879 - "A Doll House", 1881 - "mweya" mune 1882 - "Muvengi of People", 1884 - "The Wild Duck" 1886 - "Rosmersholm", 1888 - "Lady mugungwa", 1890 - ". Hedda Gabler"

In Mitambo zvose izvi H. Ibsen anobvunza mubvunzo iwoyo: zvinobvira muupenyu ano kurarama muchokwadi, pasina nhema, pasina kuparadza nevatambi yapamberi? Kana zvakafanira kuti vazviise kazhinji akagamuchira dzemunharaunda uye zvose kutendeuka sevasingaoni. Happiness, maererano Ibsen, hazvibviri. Eccentric kuparidza chokwadi, gamba kuti "The Wild Duck" anoparadza mufaro mumwe. Hungu, kwaibva nhema, asi murume aifara. Zvakaipa uye unhu hwakanaka madzitateguru kumira seri "zvipoko" magamba, uye ivo kufanana tracings dzamadzibaba avo, uye havana kuzvimiririra vanhu vanogona kuzadzisa mufaro. Nora kubva "A Doll HOUSE" riri kurwira kodzero sokuti murume, kwete rakanaka mudhori. Uye iye nokusingaperi anosiya imba. Uye hakuna rufaro wake. zvidimbu zvose izvi, asi zvichida mumwe, inozviisa yakaoma zano uye pfungwa nemunyori - vakatongerwa magamba vachirwa yose muvanhu. Vanova vadzingwa, asi kwete vakakundwa. Hedda Gabler achirwisa pachake, pamusoro chokwadi kuti iye ari mukadzi, wakange kuroorwa, akamanikidzwa pamusoro kuda kwake asununguke. Akaberekwa nomukadzi, iye anoda kuti azviite akasununguka sezvo munhu. Iye wakanaka uye kuororwa, asi kwete kusununguka kana pakusarudzwa hwake, hapana sarudzo yake zivikanwi kwavo muupenyu. Saka iye haagoni kurarama.

Henrik Ibsen: prices

Vanoratidza nyika yake chete, asi pamwe achakurudzira parukungiso mweya munhu:

• "The akasimba Munhu ndiye unokurwirai oga."
• "Chii anoenda kumativi achiri muduku, anouya kumativi vakura."
• "A chiuru Mashoko achasiya mumwe chavangayeukwa duku pane ndangariro imwe chiito."
• "Mweya wemunhu - muzvinhu ake."

kumba

Muna 1891, H. Ibsen pashure-gore 27 asipo, vakadzokera Norway. Achaita kunyora zvinoverengeka dambe, iyewo achaita kupemberera zuva rokuberekwa kwake. Asi muna 1906, vose nokuvatema anomisa upenyu anoshamisa kudaro munyori wemitambo, kufanana Henrik Ibsen. Biography yake yapera.