Genre

Mabhuku Genres - mapoka mabhuku mabasa, izvo vakabatana pachishandiswa pamutemo uye, zvinhu maitiro. Ivo zvakazadzika, kuona chidzoke, kuwedzera, uye zvimwe kuderera. Kuvabata enganonyorwa, pfupi nyaya, elegies, satires, nyaya, mutambo uye zvichingodaro. D. Pfungwa mabhuku Genres akamanikana kupfuura mabhuku mabasa. Mumwe anodzidza rudzi rinokwana Genres akawanda. Somuenzaniso, yokufungidzira, pfupi nyaya yokufungidzira chikamu munyori paakaita mabhuku mhando.

The kuedza kutanga systematize mabhuku Genres vaite wake "Poetics" by Aristotle. Iye vavanye- chinhu zvakasikwa, kumisa zvachose. Munyori akanga chete kukodzera munzvimbo dzemunharaunda ari Genre uko unotaurwa. kunzwisisa Izvi zvakakonzera kwaita rudzi normative poetics mabhuku. Zvikuru nomukurumbira pakati pavo aiva bhuku "zvokudetemba Art" N. Boileau. Chokwadi, sezvo Aristotle mabhuku zvizvarwa uye Genres havarambi zvachose kuchinja, asi theorists kunge vaifarira kana kusateerera utsanzi kana kuti kuramba kwavo. Akazosvika chero mumwe muitiro, hauzoti hazviiti kuitika mabhuku. Vamwe Genres nokunyora mabhuku pakarepo nendege uye sezvinoita nokukurumidza wadzima, chete neapo kubuda pamusoro okusika jengachenga (sezvo kwaiva ballad). Vamwe, nekusiyana kubva ane "kuguma" tsvete (somuenzaniso, yokufungidzira).

Mudzimai mabhuku dzidziso tuzvikonzero mabhuku Genres uye zvizvarwa, ndeye V. G. Belinskomu. Akazotaura nezvemarudzi matatu, zvichienderana rava kusvika munyori kuti nzira okugovera imwe nyaya kukurukura: Epic, mutambo uye nhetembo.

Kutaura aakaitira imwe Genre kunobva Inzirai kuvakira. Kana kufunga mabhuku genus (mutambo, nhetembo, yakakura), Genres zvose vakakamurwa ukuwo, zvinoshamisa, lyrical uye yakakura.

Anoshandira vaimiririra zvinoshamisa mabhuku mhando - chinhu mutambo, mutambo uye nhamo.

Comedy chakagadzirirwa kuratidza chinhu incongruous muupenyu, kusekwa, zvipfuwo kana magariro chakajairika, unhu evanhu, dzimwe nguva penga maitiro.

Drama - basa chinoratidza kusawirirana kunzwisisa pakati akawanda vatambi, zvakakomba kushorwa pakati pavo.

Dambudziko - basa apo hunhu chimiro akadura mukurwa, zvichitungamirira rufu rwake kana ari mamiriro ezvinhu zvaakanga asingadi kuona zvachose hapana nzira yokubuda.

Mamwe mabhuku, rinomirira mhando huru mabhuku, vanokamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu:

- guru (yokufungidzira, paakaita uye yakakura);

- avhareji (nyaya);

- diki (pfupi nyaya, rondedzero, nyaya).

Uyewo Genre ichi zvinosanganisira rungano, yakakura, ballad, ngano, rwiyo zvenhau uye ngano.

Works vaimiririra lyrical mabhuku mhando - zviri epigram, stanzas, ode, elegy uye tsamba.

Elegy - zvishoma nhetembo, zvakazara azadzwa zvishomanana kusuruvara. The yakakurumbira elegy Classics remakore rechi19.

Message - iri basa zvakanyorwa Huchidetemba mabatiro mumwe munhu kana kuti akawanda vanhu.

Ode - detembo vachikudza kare kana kuuya mhemberero munhu, inozivikanwa nechido.

Mukuwedzera, panguva ino Danho mabhuku govera mumwe lyric-paakaita mamwe mabhuku mhando. Chine zvinhu zviri lyric uye paakaita nhetembo uye kukurukurwa. basa iri uye chokwadi pachena pacharo zvakawanda. Kudivi rimwe, rinoudza zvakadzama nezvedzimwe chiitiko, hunhu (uye yakakura), uye kuno rumwe - manzwiro, moods, manzwiro, kana hunhu nyika yomukati ari narrator wacho, saka pedyo kuti mashoko.

Mumakore achangopfuura, Genres itsva mabhuku haana kuonekwa.