Sei uye kupi nedzvinyu mazai? kubereka madzvinyu

Dzvinyu, mhuka panyika zvichida ndicho mhando. Zvinowanika mumakondinendi ose uye makondinendi kunze Antarctica. Zviri, mukuwedzera, uye zvisikwa zvikuru ekare kurarama redu. MuJapan, Somuenzaniso, zvisaririra yekare herbivorous dzvinyu, pamwe makore mamiriyoni 130, anowanikwa muScotland goroondo Zvisaririra kuwanikwa, rakanga sokuva egwavava, ine chinotokurudzira akwegura - makore mamiriyoni 340!

Munyaya ino tichakurukura zvinhu zvinoshamisa vazukuru dinosaurs, dzidza kuti maberekero pamusoro madzvinyu, uye vazhinji kunakidza zvinhu.

Sei dzvinyu - zvinokambaira

To musi, pane vanenge 9400 vamiririri mukirasi nezvinokambaira, uye mumwe wavo dzvinyu. Ani naani vakatarisa Kutama chinhu ndakawedzera chisikwa, zvichida kare kunzwisisa nei ndezvenguva ainzi kirasi. Dzvinyu, kufanana nedzimwe hama dzaro: nyoka, nenjiva kana makarwe, akatamira, vachimbundirana pasi dumbu, "kusungwa" naye. The chete kunze ndivo zvinoshamisa basilisk (Basiliscus), anogona kumhanya pamusoro mvura, uye kunyange makumbo maviri hadzi, pamwe muswe ake uye mhuka nemazinzara mberi aimanikidzwa mudumbu.

Kufanana zvinokambaira uye kubereka zvose nzira, ari maitiro aizoonekawo womukati muchangosangana. Vakadzi kazhinji mazai avo nembeu kare vane hombe mondo kugutsikana uye yakafukidzwa Rakaunyana (kufanana madzvinyu dzakawanda) kana madota (sapamakore nenjiva uye makarwe) deko. Mazai dzvinyu ari batch mangé ungava mari somunhu kana mbiri, kana makumi ezviuru vanoverengeka zvidimbu.

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Panzira, muColombia madzvinyu mazai vanoonekwa munhu delicacy inonaka. Nokuti ndiro vemo kushandisa zvikurukuru mazai iguanas. Vavhimi titsvake hadzi kwazvakaita ichi vakarasika agility kwayo nokuda apedza mazai amudanire, kubata kwake, uye kuti dumbu rake incision. Achingwarira kubviswa kwazviri mazai, akazodza kupinda ronda dota, pakwakanga Iguana akasunungurwa.

Zvechokwadi, zvinokwanisika kuti kuronda kupi nedzvinyu ichi Akamboramba mazai rinonaka, kuita dendere, uye kumirira kusvikira vanova dzinongoitika nzira, asi vanhu veko vanotenda zvinondiremera unotambudza. Naizvozvo, kuti mhuka "Caesarean chikamu". No zvishoma dzinonaka vanoonekwa, nenzira, madzvinyu uye mazai.

How vaduku vazvarwa dzvinyu

Kazhinji dzvinyu mazai mune yakavandika nzvimbo: jecha, ivhu, pakati pamatombo kana kuorera mazviri mashizha, uye munguva yakafanira ndikapinda munyika kare zvakazara kuumbwa vakasiyana isingadhuri yezvifananidzo vabereki vavo. Panzira, mune mamwe marudzi dzvinyu, kunyanya vaigara kuchamhembe latitudes, Young vakasarudzwa kubva goko pakarepo mushure nokuiswa mazai amai, sezvo embryo kukura kwatova muviri munhukadzi chisingazivi kumutendera kuti supercooled.

Zvinofadza kucherechedza sei izvi zvinoitika. Dzvinyu pamberi Pazvinotanga zuva rekuzvarwa inova zororo masikati, scratching pasi, curled kurutivi musana muswe, uye pakupedzisira madekwana, chiedza rinowanika nokugara rokutanga goko mwana. maminitsi maviri gare gare kuzvarwa kechipiri, wechitatu uye zvichingodaro. Uye nguva imwe neimwe pashure nokuisa munhukadzi anoita danho mberi kubva chii vana kuenda naye mumutsetse. Kweawa Kwapera vakasarudzwa kubva goko mundovanda makatsemuka muvhu, apo akagara, curled miswe kusvikira nenzara.

Zvisinei, vamiririri ava zvinokambaira havasi mai chaizvo hanya - pashure negoroodyo mazai, iye kazhinji haridzokeri kwaari. Uye kana dzimwe nguva ichiri anouya kunzvimbo nedzokuisa, ndiko chete kuti mudye anoshongwa kubva mazai.

Pane viviparous zvechokwadi vanhukadzi!

Asi kwete nguva dzose nedzvinyu mazai kunyange pfupipfupi kwakadaro. Somuenzaniso, muna South America inogarwa skinks ari genus Mabuya, izvo zvinogona kunzi kune viviparous zvechokwadi. Nedhambakura hadzi runotsigira ari fallopian sepombi vari duku, pasina mondo, mazai kuti vanogona kugamuchira simba kuburikidza rwaamai placenta (riri kwekanguva kuumbwa pamusoro pamasvingo oviduct nedhambakura). Pane capillaries hadzi zvakakodzera nokururamisira pedyo capillaries tuvana kuitira okisijeni dzavo uye kudya kunovaka.

A mumiririri Peruvian kugadzikana iguanas (Liolaemus multiformis) vanogara dzakakwirira, ari Cordilleras, dzimwe nguva ane kukwira pamusoro 5000 metres, apo chando inowira muzhizha. Uye nokuti zvishoma haana kufa vaya, hadzi anobereka kurarama muduku, vakapfuura yose muitiro huchangotanga muchibereko.

Hongu, madzvinyu - zvisikwa anonakidza hachimboregi katyamadza nevaongorori!

Sei hatch basilisks

Tiri kutaura pamusoro dzvinyu, tisingatauri basilisks, kureva nhengo mhando Basiliskus basiliscus, tichikwanisa kumhanya pamusoro mvura. Vari pemvura ukurumidze kusvika 12 km / h, nokuputsa mamita 400. Vanhu tarenda vakadaro zvinokambaira izvi anonzi Kristu madzvinyu.

In basilisk ichi vanosarudza kurarama stuffy nyorovera Masango Nicaragua uye Costa Rica chete pamusoro korona miti kukura achitevedza menzizi madhamu kuti. Asi nokuda zvakanyanyisa wekutya basilisk anotendeuka muswe kubva chero ruzha kana kunyumwira ngozi, vachisvetuka kubva mapazi mumvura.

Mwaka kuchinaya akatarisa mukadzi pamuviri kuvanza nzvimbo masonry pasi nokuti ane muti uye anodonha tomu pasi kunotema ichazovapo zvikuru yakakodzera tembiricha uye mwando. mazai negoroodyo mujecha kana pasi mashizha vari mavhiki anenge 10, pashure iyo vana chibhakera navo chaiwo zai nezino, iyo gare gare vanogumburwa.

Chii parthenogenesis

Uye muna Armenia kurarama padombo madzvinyu kuti bereka pasina varume. Mazai nhunzvi chete chete zvachose vanogona kuzvibereka pachavo.

Izvi Chiitiko zvakasikwa inonzi "parthenogenesis". Zvinofadza kuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo ino kwemarudzi nedhambakura mazai, nembeu nomukono ane. Sezvineiwo, maererano zvaanorumbidza masayendisiti, vari muusungwa madzvinyu izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa mazai ne afa embryo munhurume. Sei izvi zvaitika haisi pachena.

Zviya, komodosskie madzvinyu uyewo kukwanisa parthenogenesis nokuda vashoma uye duku nzvimbo nzvimbo.

Sand dzvinyu anogona kuonekwa pedyo

Chinonyanya dzakawanda rudzi - nayo Lacerta agillis, vanonzi jecha dzvinyu. Vanorarama Europe uye Asia yose. Vanofanira kunge akaona chimwe nechimwe nokuti uchagara pamusoro jeka clearings, paunenge nyika kana munzvimbo zvinomera duku, kuti zvive nyore kuita nemvura zuva.

Kubva March kusvika June mu madzvinyu iyo boka richitora mazamu anouya, mukava nekabhunakeri mitema, mukono anoenda kundotsvaka vakadzi vakanaka (uyo, nenzira, sokuti chaizvo achizvininipisa). Oval, kuti 1.5 masendimita pakureba, akafuka Rakaunyana goko mazai nedzvinyu nevakawanda vari vachera mink mavhiki anenge 9, pashure yavanoti vape- nendumure kusvika 6 masendimita pakureba ane zvasviba kupfuura mubereki ruvara.

Kubva mwana hofori

Zviduku Unit madzvinyu ndiye sphaerodactylus, anogara kuIndia. It anoyera chete 1 giremu, uye kureba mafufu ndiyo 33 mm.

Zviya, madzvinyu maberekero kwazvakaita ichi kunoitika chete kana paine mvura yakawanda. Sphaerodactylus hadzi anoteya munhu ane kugara dzeraundi chimiro duku zai usingabereki kusapfuudza munhu dhayamita 6 mm. Uye zvinofadza kuti vakadzi kazhinji dzakawanda panguva sarudza paakapa nzvimbo chete. Kwete Rakaunyana, kufanana madzvinyu vakawanda, uye calcareous goko pamusoro zai nokukurumidza solidifies mudenga uye zvinova zvikuru haungatani kuputsika. Chokwadi, kuti tiwane izvi masonry nokuda tuduku kukura kwayo kwakaoma zvisingaiti. Vanogona kuva zvose zvemarudzi makatsemuka uye vakasiya juru pazvikomo.

Asi komodossky dzvinyu kuti anogara Indonesia - hofori, anobvumira kuti pakarepo kurangarira kuti madzvinyu - rakananga vazukuru dinosaurs. Zvasvikira 3 metres urefu uye anoyera makirogiramu 135. Atarisana aine whopper yakadaro, chero kuedza nokukurumidza kubuda. Zvisinei, kungoitira kukura ichi haana kudzivisa kuva zviduku negoroodyo - zvino chete chete 200 vamiriri ichi mhuka.

Madzvinyu kuwedzera runako ino

Sezvineiwo, madzvinyu vane ruvara chiratidzo, izvo haiwaniki nyore munyika mhuka nyika. Ivo, kufanana nesu, tinogona kunakidzwa zvose mavara zvenyika.

Kunyange zvinokambaira kusimba zvikuru uye kuwedzera tarenda nezvimiro zvavo, coloring uye tsika yorunako ino. madzvinyu zhinji zvinogona kuchinja ruvara rwayo kana ayo kuchinyanya nokuda kushanda anokosha ganda masero anonzi melanophores. Panzira, nemhaka iyi bofu zvachose nedzvinyu norwaivhi nyore anotora ruvara kwezvakatipoteredza uye geckos rinopenya zvinoshamisa kudzima murima.

Naizvozvo, kuwana mazai dzvinyu, mufananidzo paunogona kuona munyaya, regai kumhanyira kuvaparadza, funga nezvokuti nyika ikava murombo pasina zvisikwa izvi zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita uye anonakidza zvikuru.