Mabhii makuru

Bhizimusi ibasa rekutengeserana. Inotungamirirwa nehutungamiri hwehupfumi hwematengesi, hurumende dzehurumende dzine rubatsiro rwemari yakakweretwa pasi pebasa ravo kana nzira dzavo. Chinangwa chikuru chemabasa ari pamusoro apa ndechokuita purogiramu yekuwedzera kwekushanda kwavo.

Bhizinesi guru ndiro nhasi imwe nheyo dzehupfumi. Makambani makuru akashandisa zvigadziro zvavo anobva pamusika mamiriro ezvinhu zvishoma. Mune mamwe mazwi, bhizimusi guru rine nzvimbo yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka mumakethe. Mukuwedzera, makambani makuru makuru, nekuda kwekugoverana kwavo, anokonzera pamusika (somuenzaniso, mutengo unoshandiswa). Izvi, pamwe chete, zvinotungamirira kuedza kuenderera mberi, sezvo inowedzera kukwikwidza. Munyaya iyi, sangano reAntimonopoly rinoitwa maererano nekambani dzakakura.

Bhizimisi rakakura - tsanangudzo yacho yakakura. Iyi pfungwa inoratidzirwa nesangano rezvikwata zvemabhizimisi zvakasiyana-siyana kune imwe teknolojia yekambani, boka rekutengesa kana boka rinowanzova vatungamiriri vakuru nevatenzi. Nhamba huru yehuwandu hwechikwata chikuru chekutsvaga kwekutengeserana kwebasa uye yezvigadzirwa (mutengo), sezvo hukuru hwemari yemari yemari uye purogiramu inowanzoenderana nekubata kwakagamuchirwa kwevatambi mumusika wekutengesa kana kuongorora maitiro.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti makambani makuru anoita ruzivo rwakanyanya pakuvandudzika kwemawanda emabhizimisi, kunyanya, ruzivo-rwakanyanya (yakaoma) uye ruzivo rwemari (inowedzera mari). Kazhinji, kuongororwa kwekugadzirwa kwemimwe michina, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kufambira mberi kukuru kwakagadzirwa nebhizimisi guru. Zvinetso zvakakura zvinokwanisa kukudziridza kukura uye kugadzirwa kwemahombekombe ezvikepe, motokari, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, mishonga yekurima, semi-kupedza michina uye zvinhu (plastiki, aluminium, simbi). Mukuwedzera, mabhizimusi makuru anogona kuronga huwandu hwemafuta, oiri, gesi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Zvose izvi zvinokonzera maonero akafanana ehurumende kune huwandu hwemabhizimisi makuru. Kune rumwe rutivi, vari kuedza kuvagadzirisa kuburikidza neAntimonopoly mutemo. Kune rumwe rutivi, bhizimisi guru rinotsigirwa sechikonzero chema-centensive-intensive uye mazivo-akakura.

Munyika dzakawanda dzakabudirira, mabhizimisi makuru anotora nzvimbo inotungamira muhupfumi. Kazhinji, mabhizimusi makuru evanhu vari pakati pe50 ne60% yeGDP (yakazara muzvigadzirwa zvemumba). Pasina mubvunzo, mabhizimusi makuru anotonga muinjiniyuni dzakawanda (kugadzira zviridzwa, electrotechnical industries, kutakura engineering), chemikemikari, mafuta uye magetsi, zvisingasviki uye feri metallurgy, extractive industries.

Bhizimisi rakakura rinoita kuti kuwedzerwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvakagadzirwa mune dzimwe nhamba dzemabhizimisi emabasa. Kunyanya, izvi zvinosanganisira dzidzo yepamusoro, kubudisa software, mari, hutano, zvekutengeserana nedzimwe nzvimbo. Semuenzaniso, muAmerica, mabhizimusi makuru anoita nezve 47% yevashandi uye 60% yeGDP.

MuRussia, mafomu makuru anoonekwa seanobudirira kupfuura vazhinji vekambani duku uye mashepiti, uye maererano nehuwandu hwekukura, kuwedzera , uye kubatsirwa. Nzvimbo yakakosha yebhizimisi guru reRussia yakabvumirwa nguva yekuvandudzwa kwekutarisa mari huru inoyerera. Somugumisiro, makambani makuru akakwanisa kuronga masangano ane simba akakwana evaparidzi vakakodzera uye vakakwaniswa zvikuru. Pamwe chete neizvi, hukuru hwemabhizimisi makuru muRussia hunonzwisisika kuduku kudarika mune dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira.