Battle of Kalka, hunokonzera, nemigumisiro migumisiro

Akunda yose Middle East uye China, Genghis Khan akatuma tumens ake matatu, pasi murayiro Subedeya uye Jochi Khan, nomurindi kunosora nzvimbo akarara mhiri eCaucasus. Tatar-Mongolian hondo atarisana Polovtsian navarwi, vakanga vakundwa nazvo ikoko. Marangwanda Polovtsian vakadzokera shure mhiri Dnieper, izvo nyaya kumachinda Russian.

Muchirimo mazano makuru machinda zvakanzi vakaungana 1223, panguva iyo kwakasarudzwa kupa rubatsiro zvechiuto Polovtsian Khan Kotyanom. Machinda kure, nzvimbo Russia hwokumusoro kuramba Polovtsian akaramba. The anomboitika kwakasarudzwa kupa Polovtsian nyika. Mugumisiro chisarudzo chakadaro uye akatanga kurwisana Kalka. United Russian Mauto rinotungamirirwa Mstislav Kievsky, Mstislav wokushinga uye Mstislav Chernigovsky. With yepamusoro Mongolian mapoka okutanga kurwa akatanga pakarepo pashure pokuyambuka Dnieper. The eMongolia havana kubatana kurwa uye vakadzokera shure kwemazuva masere. Kana nzira kweuto Russian chakavhara karukova Kalka, kanzuru hondo rakarongwa, panguva iyo vatungamiri Kusawirirana. Mstislav Kievsky nharo pamusoro zvakafanira kudzivirira, uye Mstislav wokushinga aida kurwa.

Battle of Kalka May 31 akatanga, 1223. Prince Mstislav wokushinga, vachinzvera Mongolian musasa, akasarudza kuti iye oga kukurira muvengi. Pakutanga, kubvisa hondo yakanga akatendeukira kurutivi Russian, asi eMongolia vaibata huru akarova kwete pakati, kwaiva muchinda Galician pamwe navaranda vake, uye kuruboshwe Bapiro Polovtsian. MuArabhu, asingakwanisi kukurira yakakuwandira ane simba, akatanga shure kukodzera. Kumhanya Polovtsian vamabhiza vhiringidza kuhondo varwi Russian, takagadzirira kuita, izvo ndangotanga kunokomba Rabha eMongolia. The mamiriro ezvinhu aigona achiri kuponesa Muchinda Kiev, asi rinosundwa Kuvenga muchinda Galician, akanga asina akarova parutivi pakati Tatars. Mauto eRussia vashoma Mongolian, asi kusabatana mapoka uye runonyadzisa ndege Polovtsy kwakatungamirira musengwa kukundwa Russia.

Mstislav Kievsky akasimbisa pachikomo, apo mazuva matatu vakabudirira vamutye Kurwisa vose wechiTatar mauto. Ipapo eMongolia akaenda wemanomano, mutungamiriri roamers Ploskinya akatsvoda muchinjikwa pamberi Muchinda Kiev, achimuvimbisa kuti Tartars kubudiswa zvose misha yavo, kana ivo vavata maoko avo. Kubvuma kuteterera, Mstislav mapfumo, asi eMongolia havana kuchengeta shoko rake. varwi vose zvavo vakatora muuranda, uye machinda uye vemauto akaisa pasi uriri, iro akagara pasi kuti mabiko, zvichiratidza kukunda. Hondo Kalka yakapera mukati memazuva matatu.

Mongolian Mauto akaedza kuenda pamusoro tsamwisa pasi Chernigov hugota, asi paakanzi yokutanga enhare - Novgorod Seversky, vakadzokera shure kunyika inowanzorimwa. Saka, hondo pamusoro Kalka eMongolia kubvumirwa kuita zvizere ushori. Ivo akaonga uto Russian, asi kwomushumo wake Genghis Khan akanga pachena kushaya kubatana mune machinda Russian. Munguva nechisimba kubva Batu Khan muna 1239 kuRussia panguva kusabatana Rus 'weutungamiriri zvakanzi chaizvo kushandiswa eMongolia.

Battle of Kalka River akaratidza migumisiro kushaya Kufambisa. Mauto Russian vakatambura zvikuru nezvinhu, vadzoka kumusha hapana kupfuura chegumi nemasoja. Vakaurayiwa vazhinji vanokudzwa varwi uye machinda. Battle of Kalka machinda Russian akaratidza simba romuvengi itsva, asi chidzidzo chakazivikanwa uye nekutambira makore 16 nechisimba Mongol-wechiTatar vazhinji munyika Russian nyika kufambira kukura Russia anenge maviri nehafu emakore.