Zvidzidzo zvinyorwa: Ndeipi mitambo inonzi mihanzi?

Chero ani zvake wechikoro anonyatsoshanda mumapoka ezvinyorwa, anoziva kuti mitambo inonzi chii pasina rhyme. Kazhinji kazhinji mabasa akadaro anonzi mavara machena, asi kune mamwe mazita.

Nzira yekuumba nhetembo?

Rhyme ndiyo chiratidzo chikuru chemashoko okunyora. Zvisinei, zvinogoneka kuumba ndima pasina rhyme. Uku ndiko kuedza, kuedza kuwana fomu itsva. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kana munyori asarudza rudzi rwakasununguka rwekutenderera, ndiye anofanira kutevera mutemo uyu usina kuchinjwa. Kana mitsetse yakashongedzwa ichinyatsosiyana nemitambo isiri yaro, tinowana pun, uye kwete ndima.

Mitauro yemitemo isina rhyme

Ndeapi mazita emimhanzi pasina rhymes, asi nehukuru hwakajeka? Aya mavara matsvene. Nenzira iyi, munyori wepakati pezana remakore rechi19 M. Koltsov akasika mabasa ake akawanda. Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiwo "Rwiyo rweHiawatha" na Longfellow. Ukuru hwemavara matsvene kunotsanangurwa sekugara. Kushungurudzika kwemajoni kunogona kushandiswa nevasina kunetseka mukutevedzana kwakasimba. Kazhinji kazhinji idzi nhetembo dzakagadziridzwa kana kuti nziyo dzevanhu, kana kuti dzepikisi. Izvi ndizvo zvinotsiva rhyme uye inopa ndima chimwe chivara.

Imwe muenzaniso ndeyokusununguka-rhyme verse. Chimiro chayo chinogona kushanda sechiGiriki chinyorwa uye nhetembo (somuenzaniso, Horace).

Asi ndeapi mazita emimhanzi pasina rhythm? Ndiro ndima (zita rinobva mushoko rechiFrench uye rinoshandura se "free verse"). Ivo vakaita semashoko epsaic akaparadzaniswa mumitsetse. Verlibre yakaonekwa pamberi pesuribheri uye syllabo-tonic rhymed verse. Zuva rake rakasvika mumabhuku eUnited States. Zvakaoma kunyora nhema. Rhyme rakanaka uye rhythm kazhinji inobatsira kuvanza chero kukanganisa mune zviri mukati. Mundima imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuyananidza mutsara wese nemashoko ose. Ndizvo chete nyanzvi yezvokwadi inokwanisa kugadzira yakanaka huru ndima.

Nhetembo muprose

Ichi ndicho chimiro chakanaka chechirwere chisingaiti. Zvichida muenzaniso unonyanya kufadza wemabasa akadaro ndeye nhetembo dzemudzidzisi mukuru wezwi IS. Turgenev. Akashandisa nhetembo dzake muchirevo chetsitsi kune zvinyorwa zvakawanda: kutangira kubva mumutauro weRussia uye kupedzisa nehukuru, mafirosofi pamusoro pezvinoreva upenyu hwevanhu uye nezvekufa. Kusiyana nekurerura kusununguka, nhetembo yeprose haina kugoverwa mumitsara. Rakanyorwa mumashoko akaoma. Kunyange zvakadaro, havakwanisi nhetembo nemitauro kana zviyero zvakakosha, asi nehurukuro. Mumabasa akadaro hapana chiito nekurondedzera, chigadziro uye kurwisana, saka hazvibviri kuvaridzirira kune epic kana drama.

Japanese unrhythmical verse

Japanese verse pasina rhyme inonzi hokku. Kune, zvisinei, zvakadaro, kumwe kwakasiyana-tangi. Hokku inosvika 17 syllables, uye tangi - ye31. Kunyora hokku, munhu anofanira kuziva mitemo inokosha ye versification. Mutsara wokutanga - 5 mashandiseti, wechipiri - 7, uye chechitatu - zvakare 5 mashandiseti. Iyo tangi inewo mitsara 5, mairi mashizha 5,7,5,7,7 anotarisana. Nhetembo dzeJapan dzinokubvumira kuti zvive zvishoma, zvinyatsoratidza uye zvinotsanangura zvinyorwa. Kukwanisa kunyora hokku ndiko kukwanisa kusarudza mazwi, chete zvakanakisisa, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinokwira. Zvechokwadi, hokka muchiRussia haisi iyo inonakidza, uye shanduro dzezvinyorwa zveJapan zvakare dzinorasikirwa nechinangwa.

Saka, mitambo chii chinonzi mihanzi? Inogona kuva ndima yakachena, kutsvaga kusununguka, nhetembo muprose, Japanese hokku kana tangi.