Japanese haiku. Japanese haiku nezvezvinhu zvakasikwa. haiku nhetembo

nhetembo runako enchants anenge zvose vanhu. Ndosaka vanoti kuti mumhanzi ungapingudza kunyange kunotyisa mhuka. Ndiyo runako unyanzvi riwire vanyura mweya. Sei dzakasiyana nhetembo? Chii anoyevedza Japanese-mutsetse matatu haiku? Uye dzidza kunzwisisa kwavo nezvahunoreva?

Japanese nhetembo Beauty

Moon chiedza uye kusimba nounyoro mangwanani chando afuridzire vadetembi Japanese-mutsetse matatu nhetembo pamusoro kusikwa kujairika kwahwo uye kudzika. Japanese haiku - nhetembo iyi, akasiyana lyrical kwamagwaro. Uyezve, zvingava kukwana uye kusiya nzvimbo fungidziro uye zvikuru kufungisisa. Poetry haiku (kana haiku) regai kushivirira nokukurumidza kana hasha. Uzivi zvisikwa izvi mweya chinotungamirwa ngaatarire mumwoyo vateereri uye inoratidza yakavanzwa pfungwa uye chakavanzika munyori. Simple vanhu vari chaizvo kwazvo pfupi nhetembo idzi kusika nzira yemaitiro apo hapana mashoko basa, imwe mabhii maererano anotama achabatira chaiko, kuramba kutanga uye zvibereko zvitsva enhetembo siyana.

The kwaita National chedetembo

Original chimiro wokufananidzira, saka ukurumbire Japan - pyatistishiya uye-mutsetse matatu nhetembo (tanka uye haiku). The tangi iri chaizvoizvo sokureva rwiyo pfupi. Pakutanga vakadana chevarwere songs, izvo akazviratidza mambakwedza nhoroondo Japanese. Mumabhuku, Japan tangi akasundudzira nagauta izvo zvakasiyana kunyanya kureba. In ngano hwakachengetedza yakakura uye nziyo lyrical variativnoj kureba. Makore akawanda gare gare, Japan haiku ndiparadzaniswe matangi ari ichatonga zvine mbiri dzomumaguta tsika. Haiku akabata zvose fuma enhetembo mifananidzo. Munhau Japanese nhetembo zvave nguva zvose kubudirira uye kuderera. Pane nguva apo Japanese haiku kuti zvachose. Asi kwenguva huru kwenguva, zvakava pachena kuti pfupi uye succinct nhetembo fomu - chiri kuitwa uye yaida nhetembo. Kwakadaro siyana nhetembo kunyora kunogona nokukurumidza, pasi dutu manzwiro. Your inopisa pfungwa anogona kuiswa dimikira kana aphorisms, kuita risingakanganwiki, achiratidza rumbidzo kwayo kana kushorwa.

The maitiro zviri Japanese nhetembo

Japanese haiku nhetembo ari kuzivikanwa kwayo nokuda Kupfupika, conciseness nzira, kuda minimalism kuti tinoberekwa vokuJapan National unyanzvi, riri kudenga nepanyika uye anogona zvakaenzana virtuosity pakusika minimalist uye wokuratidza mifananidzo. Chii saka dzakakurumbira uye inokwezva Japanese haiku? Wokutanga ndiwo yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa kufunga, iyo yairatidza pfungwa zvavo vagari vasingafariri dzekare nhetembo tsika. Japanese haiku anova mutakuri capacious pfungwa uye kupfuura zvose kubvuma kukura zvinodiwa nezvizvarwa. Kunaka Japanese nhetembo - nemufananidzo avo zvinhu kuti vari pedyo mumwe nomumwe. Anoratidza upenyu hwevanhu uye hunhu ari kubatana rinopindirana necheseri yekupindurwa mwaka. Japanese nhetembo - syllabic, pamwe mutinhimira inobva alternation mukuwanda mabhii. Senhetembo mu haiku haakoshi, asi chikuru inzwi uye mutinhimira sangano tercet.

Saizi nhetembo

Chete mafungiro kurovedzwa inokanganiswa kuti ndima yokutanga haina parameters uye constraints. Japanese Hokku ane yakatsiga mita neumwe nhamba mabhii. ndima imwe neimwe yavo nhamba: wokutanga - shanu rechipiri - nomwe, uye wechitatu - mabhii namanomwe chete. Asi enhetembo rezinesi risingabereki chengetedza. musiki ichi haazombofi kukurukurwa sezvinoitwa mita kuwana enhetembo okuti.

Small kukura haiku kunyange European sonnet kunoita akakura. Art kunyora Japanese haiku iri kukwanisa kutaura pfungwa zvipfupi chimiro. Panyaya iyi, iyo haiku akafanana zvavo zvirevo. The chikuru kusiyana zvirevo izvi kubva haiku midzi Genre zvinhu. Japanese haiku - hazvina vachingozvikurudzira achiti hapana Chikwata hasha uye wokufananidzira mufananidzo, yakashongedzwa mune shamhu shoma. Basa Nyanduri - lyrical manyawi, kutiza fungidziro uye hwakadzama mifananidzo. Haiku mienzaniso Japanese iri kunyange mabasa Chekhov. Mutsamba yake zvaanorondedzera runako moonlit nousiku, nyeredzi uye dema mimvuri.

Zvinokosha okugadzira zvinhu wechiJapanese vadetembi

The nzira kusikwa Japanese-mutsetse matatu nhetembo kunoda kufadza basa munyori, kunyudzwa zvizere basa. Collection kuti haiku haagoni kungoita kumhanya kuburikidza maziso, kwete pfungwa. detembo Mumwe kunoda kufunga kuverenga uye kufungisisa dzouzivi. Pusa muverengi havazokwanisi kunzwa chido kuri pakasikwa neizvozvi. Chete kana tichishanda pamwe muverengi pfungwa uye musiki akaberekwa uri wechokwadi, sezvakanga nefungu uta nokudzungudza anoberekwa tambo mumhanzi. Miniature kukura haiku hakurevi aivabatsira basa musiki, nokuti zvinoreva kuti vashoma mashoko zvakafanira pokugara zvikuru, uye kwamagwaro yakareba pfungwa dzake hapana nguva. Kwete kutaura zvinoreva nokukurumidza, ose munyori Fani kutsvaka ndopakaperawo.

Mhare Japanese haiku

vadetembi vakawanda vataure zvavaifunga uye manzwiro Hockey nokutumira Starring chimwe chinhu. Vamwe vadetembi dzinoratidza national nemaonero pamwe mufananidzo kuda diki siyana uye Zvanzi hwavo kodzero upenyu. Vadetembi ataure zviri zvisikwa zvavo kuti tumbuyu, amphibians, nyore kuvanhuwo zvavo nemadzishe. Naizvozvo, Japanese tercets Hokku mienzaniso kuva pasocial inzwi. The kumikidzo duku siyana kunoita kuti tiswedere mufananidzo pamwero.

The runako zviriko nhetembo

Japanese haiku nezvezvinhu zvakasikwa kwakafanana painting, sezvo kazhinji kuchinjwa pabindu mifananidzo uye kunobva rakafuridzirwa nenyanzvi. Dzimwe haiku - chinokosha pakuderedza pamusoro painting, waimira sezvo calligraphic akanyorwa yakashongedzwa pasi. Muenzaniso unoshamisa basa rakadaro runoonekwa tercet Buson:
"Flowers colza kumativi. The zuva achienda kumadokero. The mwedzi rinobuda kumabvazuva."
Rinotsanangura navanopinda munda akafukidzwa tsvuku maruva colza, sokuti kunyanya chinopenya kwezuva. Marasha yose kwezuva zvinobudirira akasiyana akacheneruka kumuka mwedzi. In hockey, hapana zvakadzama, achiratidza nezvaizoitwa chiedza uye ruvara palette, asi rinopa itsva Kutarira guru mufananidzo. Kubva nyanduri kunoenderana muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano ose zvinokosha uye zvikamu mufananidzo. The laconic kwokukurukurirana mufananidzo chizvarwa Japanese haiku pamwe ruvara zvinyorwa Ukiyo-e:

Kudira remvura yokupedzisira!
Munzira wehurukuro
Amburera uye Mino.

haiku uyu Genre kuitika Buson mumweya rinodhindira Ukiyo-e. Zvinoreva payo - panhaurirano maviri Vanopfuura muchirimo mvura. Mumwe wavo akafuka amburera, uye mumwe akapfeka uswa raincoat - Mino. A Zvinoitwa haiku iri kutsva kufema chitubu anokunyengedzera zvinosetsa, pedyo zvokufananidzira.

The mifananidzo iri nhetembo wechiJapanese vadetembi

A nyanduri uyo pave haiku Japanese, kazhinji anoda kwete nokuona uye ruzha mifananidzo. inzwi Mumwe izere anokosha, uye uchifara. Nhetembo inogona airatidza kuungudza mhepo, segwenhure crickets, kuchema pheasants, rwiyo neGwenhure uye lark, inzwi neshiri yegungwa. Saka asingakanganwiki haiku achirondedzera mumhanzi yose, vachiridza musango.

Lark anoimba.
Achirira kurwadzisa kune kuwedzera
Akadzokorora pheasant.
(Baso)

Pamberi vaverengi hapana unorema Panorama shamwari uye zvifananidzo, asi anondimutsa pfungwa neumwe mirayiridzo. Poems akafanana monochrome ingi kudhirowa, pasina mamwe mashoko. mashoma akanyepera vakasarudzwa zvinhu chete kubatsira kuumba penya wayo Kupfupika mufananidzo mukupera kwematsutso. Predvetrennaya zvaindiodza runyararo uye Kuchakati zii hunhu. Light gandiwa mufananidzo zvisinei ane mukuru kukwanisa uye captivates kudzika kwayo. Uye kunyange kana chete ari nhetembo rinotsanangura hunhu, vanonzwa mamiriro mweya nyanduri, ake kunorwadza kusurukirwa.

Flight yokufungidzira kubva muverengi

Hokku Kukwezva iri dzinovaka. ichi ndima chimiro chete kunoita kuti uve zvakaenzana mikana vanyori. Muverengi anova co-munyori. Uye unogona kutungamirirwa fungidziro dzavo rondedzero mufananidzo. Pamwechete nyanduri muverengi anonzwa kusuruvara, muchisuwa vaiita uye achinyatsotaurira kudzama pauzima. Mumazana refu emakore rekare haiku havasi zvishoma zvikuru. Japanese haiku pane zvinoratidzwa, asi zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika uye runoita. Chido chake vakafa mwana nyanduri Issa kuratidzwa haiku:

Our upenyu - a dewdrop.
Regai kuderera dova
Upenyu hwedu - asi ...

Rosa panguva imwe chete riri dimikira rokureva impermanence upenyu. ChiBhudha anodzidzisa Kupfupika uye ephemeral hunhu upenyu hwevanhu uye ayo pasi ukoshi. Asi baba havagoni kuti urarame nokurasikirwa nomudiwa uye haagoni kureva upenyu sechipo muzivi. silence yake pakuguma stanza inoti kupfuura mashoko.

Nedogovoronnost Hockey

Fanira che Japanese haiku ndiyo nedogovoronnost uye mukana mberi mutsara musiki. Kakawanda, ndima ine mashoko maviri anokosha, uye vakasara - chokungoendawo, uye unodanidzira. All okushamisira mashoko vachadzingwa, vanosiya zvisina chokwadi pasina embellishment. Mari enhetembo vanosarudzwa chaizvo zvishoma napo kana kwete kushandiswa madimikira uye epithets. Zvangoitikawo kuti Japan haiku nhetembo vari kutumirwa fananidzo, asi zvakananga ukoshi iri subtext.

Of peony moyo
Zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokambaira nyuchi ...
Oh, vasingadi sei!

Basho akanyora nhetembo iyi panguva kurasikirwa neimba shamwari yake uye zvakajeka vakapfuura zvose manzwiro.

Poziya Japanese haiku yave uye anoramba ane nzira itsva uri kuva vanhuwo: vatengesi, nyanzvi dzokugadzira, vanhuwo zvavo, uye kunyange varombo. manzwiro vepachokwadi uye manzwiro vari dzinongoitika, tinoberekwa munhu wose, chizvarwa vamiririri akasiyana munzanga.