Chii kirasi ndivo hove? The features, zvivako, hove maberekero

Sturgeon, kabhu, herring, Rainbow, kabhu, sirivha kabhu, kabhu - hove akakurumbira. Pamazita Izvi hazviperi. rokutengesa mutengo wavo zvakaoma kuona. Kutaura zvazviri, boka hove iri siyana chaizvo. Modern taxonomy ane vanopfuura zviuru 20 marudzi emhuka idzi hwemvura. Nokuda sei Featured zvivako vakakwanisa mukudzidzire ezvinhu ichi uye uiite hukuru chinzvimbo. Icho kirasi inosanganisira hove, kunze kwayo marongerwo? Izvi uye nemimwe mibvunzo achabvisa akapindura munyaya ino.

Zviratidzo hove

Hazvishamisi pamusoro rinozvivimba vanhu vanoti: "Ndinonzwa sezvinoita hove mumvura." Masayendisiti vanoziva kuti hove yokutanga yaigarwa kure shure sezvo Silurian nguva. Nechokunze vakanga dzakafanana Sharks ano vane chinjwa shaya, hwaakange unopinza mazino. Mamiriyoni Makore akapfuura, dzakachinjwa uye akawana anoverengeka zvitsva zviri muna kwadzakabva kwacho ari shanduka hove.

Semhuka hwemvura, vose vane streamlined muviri chimiro iri zvachose kana zvishoma akafukidzwa chikero pamusoro muviri ndiwo-siyana zvimbi, uye kufema zvomukati vari gills. Ndivo zvakafanana zviratidzo dzose nhengo ichi hurongwa kubatana. Asi chii kirasi muri hove, zvinogona akapindura nokuongorora Misiyano dzavo. Panguva iyoyo, izvo pane vaviri: pfupa uye shwashwa.

Mamiriro Akaita wokunze mamiriro

Muviri zvachose zvose rehove wakafukidzwa pachikero. Inochengetedza ganda rokurara hwemvura upenyu mvura kukweshera. Pashure pezvose, vakawanda vavo dzinopedza hwavo kufamba. Zvimwe kudzivirira kukweshera uye yakawanda madzihwa, riri akapfuma ganda. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti vapukunyuke mhando dzakawanda yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu munguva yakaoma. Havasi marudzi ose muviri hove iri yakafukidzirwa pachikero. Somuenzaniso, rehove iri imwe nhamba iri muviri pamusoro, nechitarisiko chakatodzana mazino avo. The chete zvinogona kutaurwa nhengo dzakawanda hurongwa Sturgeon. Most mhou Makwande hove vari kudzivirirwa, kufanana simba nadzo. It anoita mamwe mabasa: kamafurashi pazvikara, achinyevera makara Mbeswa uye chepfu mhando, kubva pakunzi munhurume, kuratidzwa chiedza mumvura.

The nemamiriro zvimbi

Chimwe maitiro chinhu ndiyo kuvapo zvimbi hove. idzodzo ndidzo Mbabvu kufamba mumvura, uye dzimwe mhando yekare zvinogona kunyange kukambaira kuburikidza navo. Zvimbi ikashandiswa muzvikwata zviviri. Vaviri vokutanga ndivo: abdominal uye muchipfuva. Dzinoita kuti pave chengetedzo hove mumvura pachiyero. Muswe ndivo unpaired, mumagaro uye dorsal. Vanoshanda sezvinoita mudhiraivho ndokutyaira muviri hwemvura mhuka iri achida mirayiridzo. Somugumisiro ari Kushanduka zvimbi hove vakaumba mapazi nezvinokambaira nemhuka.

On muviri rehove anogona kuona sideline nyore. Ichi yakasiyana nhengo mwero uye kubata, maitiro chete nokuda hove.

The womukati maumbirwo hove

zvachiri chokuita aqueous dzinogarisana vari nhengo uye mumhuka izvi. Zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hunomiririrwa marangwanda. Zvichienderana kirasi riri kuumbwa shwashwa kana pfupa tishu. All mapfupa musoro marangwanda ari fixedly hwakabatana, kunze rezasi shaya. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti andobata nyore kugadzirwa hove. Sechivako muchikamu chino marangwanda kunosanganisirawo dakashwa butiro uye chinhu chakakombama, ichangoburwa iyo wanamatira uye nhengo dzose afemeruke hove - gills. Axial marangwanda chinosanganisira nomumwe vertebrae interconnected uye wakaiswa kuti dehenya. Pakazosvika hunde kunzvimbo nomuzongoza zvakabatanidzwa mbabvu. Marangwanda zenze mwaranzi rinotaurwa. Ivo kuumbwa mapfupa tishu. Asi aiwanzopiwa wokushanda zvimbi zvakare bhandi. tsandanyama idzi zvakabatanidzwa, achivatungamirira zvitange.

The zvomudumbu kwava kuburikidza norudzi hove. Rinotanga oropharyngeal mhango. Vazhinji hove dziri shaya, unopinza mazino, izvo zvinoshandiswa akakunda uye inoparadza chikafu. Ari kugaya muitiro uyewo kubatanidzwa mumasero makemikari - nerwatata. In muitiro nevamwe uye munyu muviri basa guru hove kutamba peya neitsvo. Kunze, izvo nomubvunzo ureters.

Hove dziri mhuka ine utsinye. Izvi zvinoreva kuti avo tembiricha muviri kunobva kuchinja kuitika zvakatipoteredza. Nyaya iyi iri kunorondedzerwa kwegadziriro kweropa hurongwa. It inomiririrwa maviri-kamuri mwoyo uye vascular Akanyatsovharwa marongerwo. Panguva yake kufamba venous uye arterial ropa yakavhenganiswa.

Tsinga ine uropi uye musana uye utano hwake. Uye ayo peripheral chikamu - tsinga fibers. Muuropi, imwe kukura inosvika cerebellum. Chikamu ichi chinoita nokukurumidza uye chikwata fambisa hove. Pfungwa vanokwanisa kunzwisisa chero kutsamwa, zvinobvira muna hwemvura zvakatipoteredza. Sezvo gogorosi weziso hove haachinji chimiro chayo uye chinzvimbo mhuka kuona zvakanaka chete chinhambwe. Asi havana kukwanisa kusiyanisa chimiro uye ruvara zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. kuridza kubereka Nhengo uye rine nzeve chomukati inobatanidzwa chivakwa anokonzera mwero.

Kubereka hove anewo pachake zvachiri. Hadzina dioecious, pamwe kwokunze muchangosangana mhando.

Chii zviri kukonzera

Muitiro hove maberekero anonzi zviri kukonzera. Richiwanika mumvura. The hadzi anoteya mazai, uye hono unoburitsa seminal mvura yake. Zvinoguma nembeu zai. Somugumisiro anotevedzana mitotic mapoka kwazviri anovandudza mukuru wacho.

Dzimwe nguva kubereka hove inobatanidzwa zviri kukonzera akatama uye zvinokosha kuchinja maitiro uye maumbirwo hove iyi. Somuenzaniso, Sarimoni kuumba mapoka makuru, izvo zvinosanganisira vaya vakatamira vachibva kugungwa kusvikira rokumusoro kunosvika enzizi. Panguva rwendo urwu vanofanira kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda, zvinofamba uori. hove idzi akaumba munhu ano riri shure, shaya, akatendeuka mukati panze uye guda. Dzarasika yakawanda simba, pashure muitiro wekusangana vakuru kufa. Chakatishamisa vaduku furaya vadzoka pachavo pane imwe nzvimbo.

boka hove

A kusiyana huru kudikanwe kupatsanura iyi boka remhuka. Zvino masayendisiti ndokunyatsoona zviratidzo, iyo inogona Classified mukirasi Pisces. Enderana chavanopinda vagara vandifungira pamberi dzinoshambira dundira, dakashwa slits kana cover uye mhando pachikero. Saka zvinoita kusiyanisa pfupa uye hove cartilaginous. Pane dzimwe zviratidzo iro mhuka idzi ikashandiswa vari boka. Somuenzaniso, hove kuti kufamba nekuti zviri kukonzera dzimwe nzvimbo, aizivikanwa looping. Asi, vakapiwa kukura, kusiyanisa pakati wezvokutengeserana uye decoration nhengo mhuka idzi hwemvura.

nehove cartilaginous

Izvo kirasi muri hove pamwe cartilaginous marangwanda, dakashwa slits pakuvhurwa kuti kunze? Easy zvokufungidzira. cartilaginous nehove ichi. Havafaniri kuva dzinoshambira dundira, saka ivo kana kugara pasi, kana vanongogara kufamba. Sawfish, chena, basking, shato huru rehove, stingray, stingray ... iwe unoziva hove dzakadai. List nezvikara ngozi anogona kuramba gungwa dhiabhorosi, stingrays uye gungwa gava. zvisikwa izvi gungwa vane ngozi chaizvo upenyu mhuka uye vanhu. Kunyange zvazvo vakawana pakati nehove cartilaginous uye zvinhu zvikuru mhosva. Saka, rehove spiny dogfish anodya hove uye crustaceans. Kunze anotyisa, hapana ngozi hazvisi vanhu.

hove mhou

Musi mubvunzo izvo mukirasi vari hove kuti zvikuru zvakawanda, kudavira, zvichida, mumwe wechikoro. marangwanda avo rinoumbwa zvachose pfupa. Swimbladder iri muviri mhango, achibvumira dzibate dzayo rakaitirwa mumvura mbiru. The gills akafukidzwa dakashwa cover uye kwete munhu makomba akazarurwa kunze. Izvi zvinhu vane hove mhou.

Kukosha hove

Vamiririri superclass vertebrates achinyanya kuva inokosha vezvokutengeserana ukoshi. Man anodya nyama yavo mazai zvinovaka uye mapuroteni-vapfumi. A zvinoverengeka Kubika marudzi nhoroondo haazivi. Fish anonhuwirira kubvira kare senzira kubata zvirwere kwemabhakitiriya uye nemavhairasi kufema. gore negore vanhu anobata akawandisa kwemarudzi uye dzinoita zvavo. Meat uye mapfupa kudya zvakare kuwana. Rinoshandiswa sezvo fetiraiza uye kufudza Mhuka dzinovaraidza zhinji.

Mumakore achangopfuura kuwedzera kukurumbira pakati mutambo hove, kukwezva vanhu vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Uye kubata Goldfish, anozadzika zvishuwo zvose, zviroto chaizvo mumwe nomumwe wedu!

Saka, kirasi kuti ndezvaJehovha hove inogona pakutsvaga peculiarities mamiriro avo, sangano uye nzira youpenyu.