Mental uye maitiro asina kutsarukana. A chiratidzo chepfungwa

Pfungwa yokuti 'pfungwa uye maitiro asina kutsarukana "rinoreva vakawanda siyana pathological ezvinhu. The pakuonekwa, kosi uye mugumisiro aparadza kunonyanya yakazvimirira simba yomunyika uye zvimwewo zvinoitika. Kuti tinzwisise musimboti hosha - kukanganisika pfungwa, zvakakodzera kufunga inokosha zviratidzo abnormalities. Gare gare munyaya vachapiwa zvikuru nevanhu syndromes akatsanangura kunotoda mufananidzo wavo, tsika.

tsananguro

Kudzidza muchikwata chiri mubvunzo iri paaivatambudza wepfungwa. Chirwere kunobva siyana zvinokonzera pamusoro. Kudzidza Kazhinji inotanga mharidzo yacho General pathological ezvinhu. ipapo anoongorora private wepfungwa. The chirwere anoitwa pashure kumbonyatsoongorora kuzviongorora murwere, kuziva zvinokonzera kuti pave mamiriro. Pachishandiswa mashoko aya akasarudzwa achida kurapwa.

pathologies mapoka

Zvinokoshawo ndezvokuti endogenous (zvemukati) uye exogenous (vavatorwa) zvinhu. Nokuti izvi kana zvimwe kutyorwa, zvakasiyana. Kubva musi uyu, chokwadi, akaita kupatsanura pakati chirwere chepfungwa. Saka, mapoka maviri paupamhi pamusoro pathologies inomira - endogenous uye exogenous. Ekupedzisira anofanira chokuita nyonganyonga kushatiriswa psychogenic zvinhu, exogenous-makemikari pfungwa (vascular, zvinorwadza, chirwere) kukundwa somatic pathologies. Schizophrenia, mupfungwa retardation - ndivo endogenous chirwere chepfungwa. A pamazita pathologies izvi zvinogona kuramba kuvhiringidzika inoti, senesopatiyami, hypochondria.

Kupatsanurwa etiology

Iyi ndiyo imwe nzira kupatsanura. Maererano naye, kubva Organic uye dzichipfekeka zvirwere. Muchiitiko chokutanga pane pathological kuchinja pfungwa mamiriro. Anatomical uye vasiri hwaro asina dzakatangwa dzichipfekeka zvirwere. chirwere cheAlzheimer, mumwe zvokurwara chokuita chepfungwa vascular zvinetso, kukuvara musoro kunobva somatic inoti kana nokuda intoxications (semuenzaniso, sokumborasika pfungwa uye kubvunda) - vari Organic chirwere chepfungwa. List pamusoro dzichipfekeka pathologies vanoumba unhu zvinetso, neurosis, kuchinja. boka iri zvinosanganisira uyewo penga nokuda kokuchembera psychoses, schizophrenia.

Weboka zvekuchipatara kuratidzwa

Zvichienderana sei chimiro ane kana chimwe chiratidzo chirwere chepfungwa, ndeye mumwe aripo mhando. Zvikurukuru, voga netsinga. Neurotic akadana chirwere chepfungwa kwete dzakakudzingai nepfungwa. Ndivo pedyo dzose uye anzwe. Uyewo akataura sezvo pamuganhu chirwere chepfungwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zviratidzo zvavo vari nyoreka pasina kushandisa okunyanyisa nzira. Panewo boka psychoses. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvirwere chokuita kukanganisa kufunga zvakajeka unhu, musoro, kuchinja maonero, rakapinza retardation kana nokusagadzikana, aone zvinhu zvisipo, kukodzera maitiro, uye zvichingodaro. Panyaya iyi, murwere haakwanisi kusiyanisa chokwadi kubva zvavo zvakaitika. Next, funga zvimwe zviri chirwere chepfungwa akasiyana-siyana.

asthenic urwere

Iri kumbonyanya mutowo. The chikuru chiratidzo chepfungwa - kuneta. Mumwe ndinonzwa ungaderedza mabasa, dzomunyika attrition. Persons kutambura chirwere chepfungwa, anogona kuita zvakasiyana. Asthenia Somuenzaniso, ivo vaine kunzwisisa, kusagadzikana Kwemanzwiro, tearfulness, tsitsi. vanhu vakadaro vari nyore zvikuru kufamba, vanogona kukurumidza kurasikirwa kuzvidzora nokuti muduku zvinhu. By pacharo, kurukutika anogona kuita chiratidzo zvepfungwa, munyaya, akavapindurawo, mamiriro pashure zvikuru zvinotapukira maronda, akavhiyiwa uye zvichingodaro.

zvikaramba zviripo

Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai umo kunze muchaonekwa dzimwe zvavanotya, pfungwa, nechokwadi. Vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa iyi mhando kutora kuratidzwa izvi zvakafanana pachake. Varwere haagoni kubvisa navo, pasinei panzvimbo yakaoma atinoitwa pavo. A mubvunzo - vakawanda chiratidzo chirwere chepfungwa kwakadai. Somuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anogona kakawanda dziongorore iye akaremara chiedza kana suo rakavharwa. Panguva iyoyowo, pamba, anofunga chokwadi iwayo zvakare. Panyaya nyanyisa kutya - phobias, zviri zvikuru zvakajairika kutya zvakakwirira, yakazaruka dzezvimwe kana akanyudzwa nzvimbo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuitira kudzikama zvishoma, bvisa dzomunyika kunetseka uye kufunganya, vanhu vaite zvimwe zviito - "tsika". Somuenzaniso, munhu kutya chero mhando zvokutapukirwa, vanogona kugeza maoko avo kakawanda, kana kuti kugara kwemaawa muimba yokugezera. Kana zvayo chinhu kutsauswa pakuitika, ipapo achatanga nzira zvakare.

kuvhiringidzika mamiriro

Ndivo zvakajairika. Kuratidza inoti zvakadaro kuramba kuchinja manzwiro, kazhinji ayo kuderera - depression. Kazhinji kuvhiringidzika inoti vakachengeta mukutanga mumatanho zvepfungwa. Zviratidzo zvavo zvinogona kuonekawo yose chirwere. Panguva iyoyo vari kazhinji kuoma, kufamba chenjera chirwere chepfungwa.

kusuruvara

The chikuru zviratidzo ichi vanoonekwa kuti achiipa Kwemanzwiro, manzwiro mwoyo nechitarisiko, kuora mwoyo, kuora mwoyo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, munhu anogona panyama kunzwa bhokisi kurwadziwa kana uremu. Ichi ndicho kunorwadza zvikuru. Zvinonzi pamwe vasanyanye basa mupfungwa. Murume mamiriro ichi haana pakarepo kupindura mibvunzo, anopa zvokuita nemashoko mashoma ichiti mhinduro, pfupi. Anotaura zvinyoronyoro uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Kakawanda vanhu vane mwoyo vanoti vari kuoma kunzwisisa musimboti mubvunzo rugwaro, chokunyunyuta pamusoro kuyeuka. Vanogona zvakaoma kusarudza, chinja zvakaipa chete basa kune imwe. Users tinganetseka kuneta, utera, taura pamusoro kuneta. Movement kuti kuomarara uye anononoka. Kuwedzera kune zviratidzo izvi, mwoyo kunoperekedzwa nokunzwa vaine mhosva, chivi, mwoyo, tariro. It kunowanzoguma kuedza kuzviuraya. Vamwe utano ruyamuro zvinogona kuitika manheru. Kana hope, zvino mwoyo zviri zvachero, pamwe mangwanani kutsinzina, hope mwoyo, inoratidza. Depression angaperekedzwa tachycardia, vangadikitira, kunzwa chando, fivha, kupatira, uremu.

zvokudarikidza

Kukara pachena nokukurumidza kwakadaro yebasa chepfungwa. Muvanhu, pane rakakura uwandu pfungwa, zvishuvo, zvirongwa zvakasiyana, pfungwa, vakawedzera nokuzviremekedza. Panguva ezvinhu sezvo panguva mwoyo, hope zvirwere anozivikanwa. Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi manic chirwere chepfungwa kurara zvishomanana, zvisinei, nguva pfupi yakakwana yokuti kudekara uye akasimbiswa. In zvishoma chakakomba zvokudarikidza, munhu anonzwa kuwedzera vehondo okusika, achisimbisa kuti rezvedzidzo chaitwa, vakawedzera matauriro uye maitiro. Anogona kuva shoma hope uye mijenya basa. Kana mamiriro mberi, anova zvikuru, zviratidzo kuda murombo pfungwa idzi, distractibility, uye, sezvo zvakaguma kurasikirwa yauinayo.

Sinestopatii

inoti izvi vanoonekwa ne zvakasiyana chaizvo uye kujairika nezvekufadza mumuviri. Zvikurukuru, anogona nokutsva, tingling, marwadzo, torsion, uye zvichingodaro. Kuratidza zvose izvi hazvina chokuita abnormalities ari zvomukati. Mukutsanangura manzwiro aya, varwere vanowanzoshandisa pachavo tsanangudzo yavo "zenze pasi mbabvu", "zvaiita kuti musoro kure" uye zvichingodaro.

hypochondriasis

It kunoratidzwa kuramba hanya utano hwavo pachavo. Murume haunted nepfungwa yokuti pane chakakomba kwazvo, mberi uye pamwe chirwere chisingarapiki. Varwere kumanikidza apo somatic zvichemo, anomirira vanhuwo kana kuipa nezvekufadza sezvo kuratidzirwa chirwere. Pasinei dissuasion vanachiremba, akaipa pakuongororwa vanhu vanogara shanyira nyanzvi chandagwinyira mamwe, zvakawanda zvakadzama zvidzidzo. Kazhinji hypochondriacal inoti kuonekwa necheseri mwoyo.

neunyengedzi

Vakati kuoneka munhu anotanga kunzwisisa zvinhu zvakaipa - a dzakachinjwa chimiro. Neunyengedzi angaperekedzwa nomunhu ane kwomuzvarirwo mupfungwa hweHIV. Somuenzaniso, kuchinja nyaya inogona kuonekwa, kana iwe dzinosiya mumvura. Panyaya pathological ezvinhu, asi fungidziro anogona kuitika pasi pokudzora kutya kana mwoyo. Somuenzaniso, musango usiku munhu anogona kuona miti shato.

fungidziro

Vanoita somunhu anosimbirira chiratidzo zhinji chirwere chepfungwa. Fungidziro kungava auditory, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, rinoonekwa, tsandanyama uye nezvimwewo. Kazhinji pane mubatanidzwa yaro. Somuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anogona kwete chete kuona vatorwa mumba, asi kunzwa nhaurirano yavo. Kutukana fungidziro varwere anonzi "izwi." Vanogona kuva zvakasiyana kugutsikana. Somuenzaniso, kungava nyore chimvuramabwe munhu nezita kana rose mitongo, nhaurirano kana monologues. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, "manzwi" vane zvinokosha hunhu. Vari kunzi "murayiro fungidziro". Munhu anogona kunzwa kuti kuuraya, kuti vanyarare, kuti anokuvadza kuzvidzora. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ngozi kwete chete zvakananga murwere, asiwo avo vakamupoteredza. Visual fungidziro zvingava, zvinhu kana zvinokosha (sezvo zvemoto, somuenzaniso). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, murwere anogona kuona zvose zvaiitika. Olfactory fungidziro ndiwo kutekenyedzwa kuti kwakanaka (kuorera mazviri, zvokudya, uori), zvishoma unofadza kana vatorwa.

delirium

chirwere ichi, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, pakati chikuru zviratidzo psychosis. Hazvisi zvikuru zvakaoma kusarudza chii maturo. Mhedziso vanachiremba kana vanoongorora zvomurwere mamiriro nani dzinopesana. Pane zvimwe zviratidzo delirium. Chokutanga, inogara anooneka pasi kunorwadza hwaro. Brad hazvina kunyengetedza kana kuranga kunze, pasinei kumbonyanya unopinza kupikisana ne chokwadi. Murume zvachose kugutsikana chokwadi pfungwa dzake. At mwoyo delirium vari yakakanganiswa kutonga, zvisiri izvo, zvinhu zvenhema zvinotendwa. Pfungwa idzi dzine zvadzinoreva zvinokosha murwere, uye saka kusvika pamwero asarudze maitiro ayo uye zviito. Zvinovadadira inogona chokuita:

• vachiona, chepfu, kutambudzwa, godo, uroyi, zvinhu kukuvara;
• negation, hypochondria, kuzvicheka-mhosva, kuzvicheka-Kuderedzwa kwakadini;
• erotica uye zvichingodaro.

Delusional nyonganyonga dzinoratidzwa-siyana. Saka, akasunungura weupirikiri delirium. Murume kana ichi sezvo uchapupu kushandisa chimwe-mativi kududzirwa chokwadi uye zviitiko zvezuva nezuva. nyonganyonga iri kuonekwa chaizvo kuramba. Panyaya iyi, murwere akashatirwa kufungisisa causal ukama pakati zviitiko uye paanowanikwa. Ichi chimiro delirium munogara pfungwa. Murwere anogona chinhu zvikuru kuratidza kukurukura, nharo. Zviri weupirikiri delirium zvose zvakaitika uye manzwiro munhu anogona akaratidza. Chimwe chimiro ichi ingava shaped kana nyama nechivimbo. upenzi kwakadaro anozviratidza pahwaro mwoyo kana kutya, nenyonganiso nokuda kuziva, aone zvinhu zvisipo. Muchiitiko chino, hapana musoro kwakavakirwa, uchapupu; "Crazy" nzira munhu anoona zvose kumativi.

Derealization uye depersonalization

Izvi zviitiko kazhinji anoteverwa kukura kutsinga dzinouya delirium. Derealization ndiye kunzwa shanduko munyika. Zvose zviri kunhivi munhu anoona se "shamisa", "The customized", "chakagadzirwa". Depersonalization kuonekwa mupfungwa kuchinja kuzivikanwa kwavo. Varwere anorondedzera pachavo se "kurasikirwa chiso", "akarasikirwa nepfungwa kuzara," "poglupevshih".

catatonic syndromes

Izvi zvinhu zviri yo injini munzvimbo kushushikana: wekutsumwaira, kuvhiringidzika kana, Ukuwo, mafaro. Mukupera nyaya pane dzokororo, unfocused, zvimwe ita mhirizhonga masangano. Zvisinei, ivo angaperekedzwa kudanidzira munhu mashoko kana isingadhuri yezvifananidzo kana kunyarara. Murwere angamira ane kusagadzikana uye kujairika nzvimbo, semuenzaniso, vachisimudza ane gumbo, rwakatambanudzirwa uye akamutswa musoro wake kubva pamutsago. Catatonic syndromes vari yakataurawo pamusoro pakanyorwa pachena kuziva. Izvi zvinoratidza mukuru kwokuomerwa chirwere. Kana vari kubatana dimming kuti pfungwa, zvino tinogona kutaura pamusoro zvakanaka Zvaizobuda chirwere.

dementia

Inonzi dementia. Dementia zvinoonekwa rakadzika Kuparadzwa zvose pfungwa basa, kuramba kwokuderera zvedzidzo mabasa. Tikafunga dementia kwava kuipa, uye kakawanda kacho vakarasikirwa kwaniso yekubata ruzivo itsva zvachose. Murume ane akatyoka kuchinjika kuti upenyu.

vadhakwa

vachivavhiringidza kwakadaro kunogona kuonekwa kwete chete alienations, asiwo varwere zvakakomba somatic zvokurwara. Dzungu hwokuratidza kunetseka omumwe, nokuputsanya ukama kunze nyika. Varwere ukatsauka, vangasaziva kuitika. Somugumisiro, chibharo kuonana kwavo nevamwe vanhu. Mukuwedzera, varwere vari havaratidzi nezvatinovavarira munguva, kuzvida, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Vanhu havagoni zvine musoro kufunga nomazvo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane incoherence pfungwa.