Nhepfenyuro nyaya dzevana - chikamu chepfuma yekunyora yeRussia

Nenzira yakajeka inoenda pasina kutaura kuti nyaya shomanana kuvana ndizvo chaizvo zvavanoda. Chokutanga, vana havasi kushingaira kwazvo, chechipiri, ivo vachanzwisisa nyaya pfupi, uye chechitatu, vana vachakwanisa kuzvidzorera.

Wonderful mazita

Asi zvishoma hazvirevi zvakaipa kana kunyorwa nokukurumidza. Nhepfenyuro nyaya dzevana dzakanyora zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvemashoko makuru eRussia - AS Pushkin, LN Tolstoy, AP Chekhov, M. Yu Lermontov. Mabasa mazhinji akanaka kune vana, maviri mafupi uye kwenguva refu, akanyorwa naAk Tolstoy. Zvakakosha kuva netarenda rakakura kuti utaure mazwi mashomanana nyaya ine kutanga nekuguma, zvichida kudzidzisa, zvichida kusuruvara kana kufara. Zvechokwadi, kukwanisa kunyora nyaya shomanana kuvana kunopupurira kune zvakakwirira zvakakwana zvekugara kwemashoko uye filigree masimba emunyori.

Nzira yekunyora pfupi uye tarenda, uzive mageni

Kune dzakawanda nyaya dzine chokuita nekunyora nyaya shoma. Sezvo mutemo, mazita evanyori mune izvi zviitiko nguva dzose ndevane masimba. O. Henry akakunda muchero wemashoko maduku. Yake duku, ine mazano akawanda, aiva nezvinhu zvose zvinodiwa zvebasa rakazara-tambo, kuguma uye denouement. E. Hemingway akatsigira kuti aizonyora nyaya yemashoko mana yaizoita kuti vaverengi vaite. Usaunza izvi hazvigoneki: "Vana vhudzi dzinotengeswa. Kwete Kudhakwa. " Chinhu chokutanga chinouya mupfungwa ndechekuti mwana afa. Zvadaro, kuti unyarare pasi, iwe unogona kufunga kuti baba vako vakatenga shangu uye havana kufungidzira nehukuru. Kurt Vonnegut ane mitemo mitatu yekunyora nyaya shoma. Kune huwandu hwemasikati makuru, kusanganisira vana. Uyezve, kuitira kuti vadzidzise vana kunaka kwakanaka, vanofanira kuverenga vanyori vane ruzivo. Munyori weAmerica Jerome David Salinger akati kunyange vana vacheche vanofanira kuverenga maitiro akanaka - vanobva vadzikama. Asi ava ndivo vacheche, uye vamwe vana vakwegura vanofanira kuita zvakanaka, kunyanya kuseka. Nokudaro, nyaya shomanana dzevana dzakasikwa mumawanda makuru.

Nyika yakaoma yevana

Mwana ari nyore kuseka. Zvakaoma kunyora nyaya yakadaro kuitira kuti mapapa nemadzimai vafare. Uyu waiva kubudirira kukuru kune munyori wevana Kornei Ivanovich Chukovsky. Inzwa iyi yaiva bhuku rake rakakurumbira "Kubva kuna maviri kusvika kune mashanu". Iyi inyanzvi mune zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinonakidza zvevana zvinounganidzwa, uye "rimwe bhuku rekubereka" rakasiyana. Bhuku racho rakapinda kwete mumabhuku ekuchengetedza mabhuku evana, asiwo mune mari yegoridhe yevana pedagogy uye psychology. Mune izvi kusingaperi kusanganiswa kune mhinduro: vanhu vakuru vanodzidza zvinhu zvizhinji zvinonakidza pamusoro penyika yevana. Uye yakasiyana, inogunzva, inonakidza, ine nyanzvi inoratidzwa, kuti vana vanodzidza sei chokwadi chakakomberedza.

Hazvina kuzivikanwa zvino

Nyorai vanhu vekuchikoro vakanyora nyaya shomanana kuvana, munogona kutora nguva, pano ndevamwe vavo: Prishvin, Nosov, Zoshchenko. Ushinsky akanyora nyaya dzakawanda dzenyaya dzenguva duku dzevana. Semuenzaniso, "Bishka" - nhau yenyaya ye mbwa uye bhuku, rine rimwe rakatsetseka ndima. Kwete "Goat" uye "Cow". Asi zvinyorwa izvi hazvizivikanwi.

Ndinoshamisika kuti nei vasingagoni kuverengerwa vana muchechi yeklasi? Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky (1824-1871) - muvambi wesayenzi pedagogy, mabasa ake kuvana akanyora zvakanaka, mutauro unonzwisisika, zvinokonzera kushevedzera kwakanaka, hazvina kumboitika nguva dzose.

Munyori we "Uncle Vanya" kuvana

Zvishoma kuverenga uye Chekhov nyaya dzevana. Mipfupi mabasa yakanyanya kubudirira kumunyori (Anton Pavlovich akabata mutsara wehupfupi, iyo hanzvadzi yechizvarwa ine tarenda). Akangonyora - pfupi uye tarenda, nokuti akanga asingazivi kuti aite sei zvakasiyana.

Ichokwadi, pfupi pane nyaya dzake ("My" iye "" kana "anoshamisa" Yin uye Yang ") zvichiri kunyorwa kuvanhu vakuru. Asiwo "Kashtanka", "Vanka", "White-throated" - uye havatungamiri. Kero iri muvupurupu inobva munyaya "Vanka" - "Pamusha kusvika kuna sekuru" - kazhinji yakave chirevo uye yakanyatsopindira mutauro wezuva nezuva.

Akanaka uye anokudzwa

Basa rakanaka remabasa evana ndiye munyori we "Hondo uye Rugare." Ivo vanozivikanwa se "Nhepfenyuro shoma dzevana." Tolstoy Leo Nikolayevich akatanga kuvataurira kuvana vake, saka kuvana vekumaruwa kubva kuJasnaya Polyana. Mukuwedzera kune nhepfenyuro pfupi nezvemhuka, munyori mukuru uyu ane pfupi kwazvo, asi akajeka uye anodzidzisa nyaya nenhema, izvo zvakapinda mazita akashandurwa naTolstoy kune vana vomumusha. Akaita kuti zvive nyore, kuziva uye kufadza. Nheyo dzenguva pfupi dzinodzidzisa ndezvezvekugadziriswa mabasa eAesop. Hasi nhamba yeRussia yose yaifungidzirwa pamusoro penyaya dzakanaka sekudzidzisa vana vanogara pasi. Uye Tolstoy akaenda kune bhizimisi iri zvakanyanyisa uye ane mutoro wose: vana vake vakagadziriswa kuti vadzidzise vana nokuda kwekuda kudzidza nyika, kukudziridza chido chekudzidza, kuisa rudo kune basa rakaoma rakadai sokuverenga mabhuku. Nhau dzake duku dzakapedzwa mabasa, kubata nemutsa. Hapana kuvaka mukati mavo, asi vanodzidzisa. Uye zvingava zvisinganzwisisiki kana mabhuku makuru kwazvo munyika yose ainge asina basa rekuita vana. Iko haisi mabhuku emamhanzi pamusoro peDonald Duck. Aya mabhuku ane tsamba huru.