Tinoverenga inovhesi uye tinofunga nezvezvinetso zvayo: "Hero yeZuva Redu", M.Yu., Lermontov

Grigory Pechorin ndiyo "gamba remuzuva redu" (uye chero ripi zvaro), nokuti mibvunzo yakakonzerwa nemunyori iri kupfuura nguva dzose. Vaiva, vari uye vacharamba vachamuka apo vanhu vari vapenyu. Ndezvipi - matambudziko ebasa "The Hero of Our Time"? Verenga uye unzwisise.

Zvinetso zvemitemo

Chero basa chero ripi zvaro nebasa rezvinyorwa zvese rakagadzirirwa kwete kungoita zvido zvekunakidzwa, kufadza kune muverengi, asiwo kumutsa mibvunzo iripo kune munhu wose watinenge tisina mhinduro isina kufanira, kana kuti isu tisina kumbofunga nezvazvo zvachose. M.Yu. Lermontov is, iwe unogona kuti, an innovator ye nguva yake. Iye ndiye muumbi wenhamba yokutanga mumabhuku echiRussia ane zvakadzika mafilosofi. "Sei ndakararama, ndakaberekwa nei?" - iri mubvunzo mukuru uyo munyori pachake uye isu tose tinokumbira munyori wemuromo wemunhu mukuru - Pechorin. Haisi kungonzwa chete "nei", "nei", "nokuda kwei", asiwo mamwe matambudziko. "Hondo yenguva yedu" inoedza kunzwisisa kuti ndiani, chii chaanosangana nacho, kubva kune kunaka uye maitiro, kana rudo neshamwari zvinogona kumuponesa kubva murima riri pedyo ...

Philosophical Reflections

Tinoramba tichitaura pamusoro pe "Hero of Our Time". Zvinetso rudo ruchimuka zvechokwadi zvakakomba. Chii chinonzi Pechorin? Pamberi pedu pane murume wechidiki wemakore makumi maviri nemashanu nemakore, mutariri, mutungamiri wepamusoro, akamira kunze kune vanhu venguva yake nemafungiro ake asingazivikanwi, akajeka, intuition yakajeka, ushingi, kutsungirira, simba guru. Zvinotaridzika kuti zvose zvinoumba ramangwana rakanaka. Vanhu vakadaro vanodiwa, vanodiwa uye vanonamata. Pamberi pawo masuo ose akazaruka. Saka zvaiva, asi hazvina kuitika. Sei?

Munhu mumwe nomumwe ane zvigaro uye zvisingabatsiri. Mune rimwe nerimwe pane kurwisana kusinganzwisisiki pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Uye izvi zvakasikwa. Izvi zvakasikwa mune zvakasikwa uye Mwari. Asi kunze kweizvi zvose, kunewo chisina maturo. Inofanira kuzadzwa nechiedza kana rima, zvichienderana nemugwagwa watinosarudza. Kana kuti, inotanga kukura nekuzadza kona yese yakasunungurwa yemweya pachayo. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuna Pechorin. Chero zvaaiita, zvisinei kuti kwaakaenda kupi, zvisinei kuti ndiani akazoguma naye, zvose zviri munzvimbo ino zvakateverwa nechisungo ichi chisina maturo, kusaputsika kwekusaziva, kusina maturo uye kusagadzikana kwehupenyu.

M.Yu. Lermontov, "Hero yeZuva Redu": Zvinetso zveRudo uye ushamwari

Mweya wake unoshingaira mumabhuku ose ari kutsvaga njodzi, mabasa echigamba, rudo rwechokwadi uye ushamwari. "Uyo anotsvaka achagara achiwana." Anozviwana, zvakare, asi zvinoparadza, nenzira isinganzwisisiki, iyo yekusika iyo iri mune zvinhu izvi. Rudo rwake kune umwe wevakadzi rwakaunza mufaro. Akange asingagoni kuzvipa kumanzwiro aya, akanga asingakwanisi kupa, kungotora chete, uye zvakare. Mumweya wake, sekunge ari mugomba rakadzikadzika, manzwiro akajeka uye kutambudzika zvakaparara pasina tsanangudzo. Haana kuzvizadza, uye haana kuedza kuwana zvakakwana. Haana hanya nazvo. Nhau dzinosuruvarisa naBhera naMaria inotsigira zvakakwana izvi.

Chinhu chimwe chete chinoitika muhukama hwaPechorin naDkt Werner. Kutenda kuti ukama huri pakati pevadzidzi vaviri hunofanira kuderedzwa kusvika kune imwe chete: mumwe - muranda, uye mumwe - tenzi wake, haaida kuva mushumiri kana munhu anotonga uye kutonga. Zvose izvi zvinotyisa uye mapenzi. Asi hazvibviri kutendera mumwe muhupenyu hwako pasina "asi". Yakatenderera.

Iko kushaya mafuta kunokonzera dambudziko here?

"Hero yeZuva Redu" inoverengeka kwete chete zvinorehwa noupenyu zvakananga zvakanyorwa nemunyori. Mune nhoroondo yekupedzisira - "Fataliste" - imwe hurukuro inotanga, iyo isingapa zororo kune protagonist kana vanhu vose. Icho chinangwa chevanhu chakagara chagadziriswa here, kana kuti imwe neimwe nzira itsva mumugwagwa wehupenyu sarudzo yega? Pechorin ine ushingi uye inosarudza kugadzirisa nyaya iyi, semamwe matambudziko. "Hondo yenguva yedu," Pechorin, pachake, pachake, pane zvaanoona, anovimbisa chokwadi chezvi kana izvi. Uye kamwe-kamwe uyo anouraya anotendeukira kune muverengi kune rumwe rutivi rwechikonzero chake. Anodzivisa doro Cossack uyo atouraya Vulich uye ane ngozi kune vamwe. Anoenda kune njodzi inozivikanwa, asi kwenguva yekutanga haisi yenyengeri, kwete ye "chishuvo chisingadi" uye kuti isabvisa kusuruvara. Uye pano munyori haatauri mhinduro isina kufanira. Iye, segamba rake, anotenda kuti kugadziriswa, kana kuripo kwechokwadi, kunoita zvishamiso nemurume, zvinomubatsira kuti arambe achishanda, akawedzera. Uye kune rumwe rutivi, rinoshandura munhu - chigadziko chakakwirira, muchecheti mumaoko ezvichaitika, uye izvi hazvigoni kuzvidza kana kunyadzisa.

Muchikamu chino takakurukura matambudziko makuru. "Hondo yenguva yedu" ibhuku risina mubvunzo, kana raiverenga, rimwe nerimwe roga roga richawana mhinduro dzemibvunzo yake, izvo zvingave zvisina kumboonekwa nhasi.