World History: Turkey muHondo Yenyika II

Turkey muHondo Yenyika II akatora kwazvakarerekera nechinzvimbo uye kwete pamutemo vaitsigira chero vavengi. Chete muna 1945, nyika akataura hondo Germany uye Japan. Masoja Turkish havana kutora chikamu mune utsinye. Munyaya ino tichakurukura womukati mamiriro ezvinhu munyika, uye nedzenyu ukama nemamwe States muna 1941 - 1945 biennium. uye edza kuona basa Turkey muHondo Yenyika II.

Situation munyika isati hondo

Pamberi Second World Turkey zviratidzo kukanganiswa France uye England kuti yakabuda kubvira 1930s, tava vachiwana muitiro. Chinoshingaira mutsigiri mutsetse uyu waiva gurukota Foreign Saracoglu, uyo akatora pambiru muna 1938. Kamwe muna April 1939, maigara Italy, Albania, Turkey, United Kingdom akatipa inopikira yokuchengeteka uye rusununguko. Muna October 1939 Ankara wacho wakasainwa yeBritain-French-Turkish chiito rubatsiro tose. Panguva iyoyowo, nyika aiedza kuramba nedzenyu ukama Germany. Saka, June 18, 1941 asiri utsinye chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa pakati masimba. Kazhinji, Turkey muHondo Yenyika II kuita kuti pakati zvidhinha maviri kuti varambe vasina kwavakarerekera.

Turkey ari kutanga kwekupwanyiwa hondo

Kunyange asati neGermany rechiFrench mauto kwave kuchinja kuTurkey wokuti. Zvinonzi zvakazara akatamira kwazvakarerekera chinzvimbo, apo kwete vachiramba akanaka mafungiro kuBritain. Zvisinei, pokukundwa France uye zvakare nemauto uye enyika kubudirira muGermany akatungamirira hurumende wenyika kutaurirana utungamiriri yaHitler. Ivo kwakaguma kusaina 18 June 1941 ushamwari uye asiri utsinye chibvumirano. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pamberi Germany vakabudirira vambotiza muBalkan nyika , uye ari pedyo chaizvo kumuganhu wokuTurkey. Panguva iyoyowo, muna Ankara nerunyerekupe angangovarwisa muchiuto kutyisidzira kubva Soviet Union.

Saka, muna 1940, Turkey vatore chikamu muHondo Yenyika II yakanga mubvunzo. Hurumende yakaramba mutemo achifambisa, kuburikidza kusaina chibvumirano pamwe anorwisana mapati. Turkish nzvimbo hunowedzera Chivakashure pashure pavanopinda Soviet Union muhondo.

Turkey muna 1941

June 22, 1941 Germany Aderedza Soviet Union airwadza. The guru mamiriro akanga munharo muchiuto kupesana munyika. Kwaitika hondo German-Soviet Turkey vakapfuura June 25, 1941 Soviet hurumende katsamba, izvo zvinosimbisa kwayo muchiuto. Ankara raramba kuomerera kwavo wazvipira. Asi mumakore akatevera, kunyanya pashure Soviet udzvanyiriri vari vaMuslim vanhu Crimea uye Caucasus, naA Anti-Soviet yakawedzera Turkey.

Turkey muna 1942 - 1945 gg:. The zvemukati mamiriro ezvinhu

Pasinei chokwadi kuti Turkey muHondo Yenyika II haana zvinobatanidzwa, kurwisana kwakakanganisa zvikuru upfumi mamiriro ezvinhu munyika. Kuramba zvakawedzera Kukura wehondo (muna 1942 zvikavavarira kusvika masoja mamiriyoni 1 navatariri). Military mari muna 1945 "akadya" inenge hafu yacho bhajeti. Turkey munguva Second World War ari kuderera hwenyika, kurima uye tsika. Izvi zvakakonzerwa uremu kuunganidza uye pakatanga makadhi chingwa muna Ankara uye Istanbul. The guta vakarasikirwa maoko avo, uye mutengo kupfuura zvakafanira zvigadzirwa ndokukura. Muna 1942 akatanga pfuma mutero kuti ikaunganidzwa kubva pfuma varidzi uye mari Entrepreneurs. Izvi zvakakonzera kudzama mari dambudziko, zvakarudzwa chokuita kushungurudzwa vakuru.

The political mamiriro ezvinhu munyika

Turkey munguva Second World War pamusoro kuwedzera urudzi - Turkism. Izvi zvinooneka kwete vatorwa mutemo urongwa vepamusoro, izvo chokuita USSR. Izvi kwakaratidzwa pachena dzomunyika nezviito Turkish hurumende, yakanyorerwa dzematongerwe enyika Pan-Turkism, mumwe dzataurwa nokuda Young vokuTurkey uye payakatanga rusaruraganda pfungwa yakatanga Atsyz Nehalem River.

Kubva 1940 kusvika 1945 muna vilaetah (pamativi inogarwa dzemadzinza vashoma) kushanda pasi mutemo wechiuto. Panyaya iyi, pane kazhinji zviitiko rusina kutorerwa pfuma. Muna 1942, hurumende yakaumbwa Sukru Saracoglu, kutanga rakafara danidziro dzokutsigira nyika anoparadzirwa Pan-Turkic maitiro.

Mubvunzo hwokupinda Turkey muNyika hondo

Kubvira muna 1943, wemasangano Anti-Hitler ari kutanga kuti kuedza kupinda mukakavadzane pamusoro wayo divi Turkey. Kunyanya ichi anofarira Churchill. kupinda Turkey muNyika hondo aizobvumira kuvhura kechipiri pamberi ari muBalkans uye kudzivisa chimiro mauto eSoviet mundima. Winter 1943 musangano yakaitirwa Adana. Churchill akaita zvose zvaanogona kuti vawane kubva President wenyika Turkish vasiri muchiuto. Asi Nhaurirano havana kubudirira nokuti chero mapato. Turkey muHondo Yenyika II akaramba kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera. Zvisinei, tsitsi hurumende dzakanga kudivi Germany.

Muna October 1943, vamiririri omubatanidzwa marudzi vakaungana ari musangano muMoscow. Vakasarudza kuti kuramba Turkey kwakaita nokwawakarerekera pakazopera gore. Nyaya iyi inokurukurwawo panguva Cairo uye Teheran Misangano. Zvisinei, Turkey akazivisa kusada kwayo kupinda muhondo.

Turkey ari wokupedzisira nzendo hondo

Turkey muHondo Yenyika II akatungamirira hunyambiri mutemo kurutivi masimba-vorongerwa. Muna 1944, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany akarega unokupai zvombo kunyika. Panyaya iyi, hurumende Turkish rakamanikidzwa kusiya aina Chrome kuGermany. Zvisinei, muna June 1944, ngarava dzakawanda German muchiuto akapinda Sea Black. Izvi zvakakonzera kuti kusembura zvinhu, uye mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany akabvunza kubva Turkey kuti usiyane ukama Germany. August 2 zvibvumirano zvose pamusoro upfumi pamwe pakati penyika mbiri dzakanga rarambidzwa.

Muna February 1945, Yalta Conference akatanga basa rayo. Panguva hurukuro, kuti vatsigiri vakasarudza kutora chikamu mune paumbwe United Nations anogona chete nyika avo vaiva kurwisana parutivi mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany. Nezvenyaya iyi, February 23, 1945, Turkey kurwa neGermany. Pasinei chokwadi kuti uto racho harina zvinobatanidzwa mukurwa, nyika akokwa kuti abatane UN.

Kukurukurwa Kwazvo

Pashure pehondo, panguva yacho Potsdam Conference akatanga kukurukura nyaya yacho Black Sea dzamushore. The chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa panguva munhaurirano. Pakamanikana vaifanira kuva pasi pesimba Turkey uye Soviet Union, sezvo masimba kupfuura vanofarira. Uyewo, ivo, kuti kuchengeteka kwavo uye norugare muGungwa Dema nharaunda, haagoni kutadzisa kushandiswa nzira idzi nedzimwe inoti nevavariro utsinye.

Yemarudzi chinzvimbo Turkey mumakore post-hondo

Pashure pehondo muTurkey wokuti zvakajeka aifarira-Western nemunhu. Saka achida kuratidza kuvimbika kuUnited States, hurumende A. Menderes muna July 1950 muna Korea apore bhurigedhi ake. Turkey aiva nyika chete kuMiddle East, muchirongwa hondo muKorea.

Muna October 1951, nyika akabatana NATO, uye dzakasaina zvibvumirwano Pakistan uye Iraq. Baghdad chibvumirano (UK, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan) - Pasi patronage muEngland uye United States chikwata chitsva muchiuto hwakagadzwa muna November 1955. Muna 1959 zvakanzi tinoshandurirwa Central Treaty Organization, dzimbahwe riri mu Ankara.

zvakawanikwa

Saka, hazvibviri kune chokwadi, Turkey muzvirongwa muna Second World War kana kwete. Pamutemo, nyika akaramba kwazvakarerekera chinzvimbo. Asi hurumende iri kuramba vachida pamwe chete kana mamwe belligerents. Turkey akasiya zvematongerwo enyika chete muna February 1945, asi hondo yacho havana kutora chikamu mune utsinye.