Uye munoziva akavamba Moscow?

Zvaizoratidza sokuti mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu kare inozivikanwa, uyewo pakuvambwa musi guru reRussia. Asi zvinhu zvose nyore, uye sei akavimbika Data pamusoro akavamba Moscow?

Pasinei pfupi simba kusabvumirana uye vamwe dissimilarity Chronicle data, achidana musi kana guta rakanga rakaumbwa (izvozvo zvinosiyana pakati 1147 uye 1156 years), mukuru pokutangira ichaongororwa kuva wokutanga nezvayo kutaurwa muguta iro yakatanga kusvika 1147 .. Maererano ichi chete mureza yokuti, muvambi Moscow - ichi Suzdal Prince Yury Dolgoruky.

Asi kana isu pedyo kuongorora aivapo zvinyorwa, ichi tetepa uye nyore dzidziso anotanga chaizvoizvo anobuda panguva vazvo. Chokutanga, kunyatsoverenga iroro zvinyorwa, iro rinotaura pamusoro kukokwa vakagamuchira Prince Svyatoslav kuuya Moscow kuna Yuriyu Dolgorukomu, uchaona munhu kuziva zvizere. Richirondedzera rwendo kune rimwe guta idzva, munyori haana anotaura kuti ari dzimwe nzvimbo itsva - muchinda anopfuurira yaizivikanwa mugwagwa uye ngozi anotuma mberi kwake mwanakomana wake. Uyezve, pamusoro kusvika Dolgoruky anoronga mabiko zvemhando yepamusoro, iyo rinotiwo vakapoteredza kugarwa kwezvivako yambokurukurwa kupfuura zvakanaka.

Saka ndiye akavamba Moscow chokwadi, uye chii nezvebasa yakakurumbira uye kusvikira nhasi muchinda?

Kwenguva refu muRussia vaiva ngano pamusoro fabulously akapfuma wamambo, vaitakura zita Stefan Ivanovic murwi. Zvinonzi anotaurwa nyaya dzinenge mbiri nezvoUmambo kuberekwa Russian statehood uye kubuda muguta rinonzi Moscow. Ndiye, maererano ngano idzi, vaiva chaizvo kunyika vose pamahombekombe Moscow River, iyo gare gare uye ramangwana, guru Russian yakarongwa. Uye idzi vanonzi vakapfuma uye vakanyatsoshongedzwa, aine "misha matsvuku" uye migwagwa yakanaka.

Nemamwe mashoko, Dolgoruky haana kuisa guta panzvimbo itsva, zviri pamwe chete akakurukura hunotovapo Manor Boyar kuguta scale, uye panguva imwecheteyo, uye vakamutumidza zita idzva. Somugumisiro, uye akazviratidza pamepu reguta Kievan Rus, iyo vakaita guru basa paumbwe uye kukura Russian statehood. Nemamwe mashoko, Moscow yakavambwa pamusoro nzvimbo zvavo mumisha inoverengeka dzava zhinji emakore ikoko.

Kare, vasati vasvika kuchamhembe munyika Suzdal muchinda, nzvimbo yainzi nezita wamambo muridzi wavo - Kuchkovo. Kwekanguva, kunyange zvakanga imwe mhando kwezita "kaviri" uye akanzi "Moscow rekshe Kuchkovo", iro rinogona kushandurudzwa "Moscow, anonzi Kuchkovo". Izvi, Sezvineiwo, kunopfuura chakakomba nharo vachida kuti uchapupu, uyo akavamba Moscow chokwadi, zvikuru anofungidzirwa.

Asi chero zvakadaro, kunyange kana tikafunga kuti guta guru pari kwaibva kwete nzvimbo isina chinhu, uye kare inogarwa nharaunda, ichi hakuiti zvitadzise zvemashoko Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Ari kwete vakaisa guta guru, asi akasikawo preconditions kuti paumbwe hurumende. Zvaiva kuburikidza nokuedza ake kuti Moscow aigona pakupedzisira kubatanidza ose akapararira ukuru kuve musimboti akasimba muna Europe mamiriro. Kuva kwazvo inoshusha murume, Dolgoruky aigona chinhu kuti zvakanga zvisingaiti kusvikira ikozvino munhu - zviri akavakirirwa saka uye zvabatsira Suzdal ayo (zvinosanganisira uye Moscow sezvo westernmost pfungwa zvake) kuti ipfupi kushoma ukoshi achitungamirira saka kure kwavabati vose Kiev . Sezvo ushe Yuriya Dolgorukogo simba Kiev Machinda zvishoma kwakapera, uye kukosha kwaro kunonoka musi kumadokero kumatunhu. Naizvozvo, mubvunzo wokuti ndiani akavamba Moscow, tinogona kupindura nechivimbo "Yury Dolgoruky" - nokuti haasi vakaisa masvingo eguta, iye akasika hwaro statehood.