Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Yuri Dolgoruky - Biography

Munhoroondo vakasiya chinokosha chiratidzo Kievan Rus vatongi havasi vazhinji. Mumwe nomumwe wemachinda asiya rinokosha wake muronga zviitiko, iyo yava kuitwa nemasayendisiti. Vamwe vavo vanokudzwa mishandirapamwe pamusoro nawo inoti, munhu yakatora nyika itsva, mumwe akaita kare kukosha kubatana nevavengi. Yuri Dolgoruky, zvechokwadi haisi nzvimbo wokupedzisira pakati pavo. mutongi Izvi zvinofadza, kana chete chokuti kare vakawanda vaiona muvambi Moscow. The remadunhu- "Dolgoruky" Prince akagamuchira dzose kuedza kukunda Kiev nemamwe maguta Kievan Rus.

Kutanga rokutonga

Tisati funga makore hurumende inofanira kutarisa Biography ake. Date rokuberekwa vachiri anokakavara nyaya. Zvinozivikanwa kuti paiva ramangwana Duke muna 1090 uye aiva muduku mwanakomana Vladimir Monomakh. Yury Dolgoruky ndiye mutakuri mhuri Rurik. Kunyange zvazvo iye akaberekwa muKiev, ake pauduku akapfuura Rostov. iye akatanga muchinda Rostov-Suzdal kwavabati kubva 1113 pamwe mukoma wake Mstislav. Zvisinei, kubva 1125, ave oga nyika Yuri kuzviisa pasi.

Pasinei okumanikidza uye zvakaoma hunhu, Politika Yuriya Dolgorukogo yaanotonga kwakabatsira vakawanda Kievan Rus, kunyange chinzvimbo zvirongwa (zvikurukuru) akauya rufu nokuparadzwa. Yakanga Makore anoverengeka pashure pokutonga mutongi pachigaro choushe, akashingaira pamusoro Volga Bulgars. Yakadaro murayiro wakabva Vladimir Monomakh, mushure kubatwa vanhu ava Suzdal. Mushure mushandirapamwe, muna 1125, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky akatamisira guta guru weutungamiriri yake Suzdal, nokudaro kuderedza enyika kukosha Rostov.

Pachigaro choushe Rostov-Suzdal weutungamiriri uye kukunda Kiev rokutanga

Between 1120 ne 1147 haasi kunyanya kuoneka, asi mumwe chokwadi - iyi ndiyo Moscow chawo. Domestic Politika Yuriya Dolgorukogo ipfupi kuti kuvakwa machechi. Uye, chokwadi, pindira ari internecine feuds machinda Kievan Rus. Kunyange zvazvo aifanira kubhadhara mutero kwaari - vazhinji huripo guta, sezvinoratidzwa nenhoroondo, Yuri Dolgoruky akatendeukira kuchinjanisa uye handicraft nzvimbo. Izvi hazvina kugona kupa kukura kwavo.

Internecine gakava akasimuka, sezvinoita mutemo, nokuda Kiev choushe uye kukoshesa nhaka yake. Chido agare pachigaro choushe chikuru muguta Russia haana mutorwa kuna Rostov-Suzdal mutongi. The Grand Duke, kwete chete akaedza achinakurira appointees itsva, asiwo pachake kutora nzvimbo ino. Pakupedzisira, chigaro Kiev muna 1149 akatora Yuri Dolgoruky. Muchidimbu, kuti ukuru nhaka yatyoka, uye vazhinji vakanga dzinoronga. kusagutsikana ichi vakatora Izyaslav zvaizopedza uye sungano pamwe Hungarians uye Poles.

The unpopularity wamambo itsva, uye sungano haana kupiwa Dolgoruky kubatisisa bhodhi kwenguva refu. 1151 waiva Yuri Vladimirovich zuva kurasikirwa pachigaro muKiev uye kudzokera kwavabati ake.

Moscow garo

Kuti Prince Yury Dolgoruky anonzi muvambi Moscow, kunyange panyaya iyi saka kure pane kusawirirana pakati dzakaitika. Pamuganhu kugarwa raiva pamusoro kuonana pfungwa dzakawanda umambo - Novgorod, Ryazansky, Suzdalsky, uye Siversky Smolenskii. Town iri Moscow River, vaiva, kufanana nedzimwe misha pamahombekombe, Boyar murwi. Zvikonzero iyo muridzi wenyika harizivikanwi, asi pashure paizvozvo, guta uye mamwe maguta ndokutora Yury Dolgoruky akaurayiwa. Moscow akatanga kukudziridza - munhu kwomuchinda neimba, emapuranga Kremlin, machechi uye nezvimwe zvivako kuvakwa. Uyewo zvakanga kuparadzira chiKristu pakati pavahedheni vanogara.

Pakutanga kugarwa yainzi kudzayi akazotevera zita kuMoscow. Asi guta guru, rakanga kukosha uye enyika kukanganisa upenyu Rostov-Suzdal kwavabati vose Kievan Rus uye chakava chete pashure yekupindurwa zvizvarwa zvitatu zvizvarwa George Vokutanga.

Mujinga Maguta Russian - Pereslavl-Zaleski

Board Yuriya Dolgorukogo akanga akasiyana kwete chete oedza kubvuta chigaro Kiev, asiwo chisikwa uye kukura mumaguta matsva Russian. Saka, mukuwedzera kuMoscow, rayakavambwa maguta akadai Pereslavl-Zaleski uye Yuriev-Polish.

The erection haana nokuda chinzvimbo zvirongwa muchinda. Kakawanda kurwisa Volga Bulgars zvakaita kudiwa kusimbisa kumuganhu weutungamiriri. Pereslavl-Zaleski rikashamiswa munzvimbo yakaderera - iri mumuromo rwizi Trubezh. Nechomumugwagwa mukomberedzo kwesango uye vokumadokero mativi guta rakanga akachera gomba, rakanga chokuita zvakasikwa zvinovhiringidza zvenyika nzira muguta. A nhare nokuda kwokudzivirira Pereyaslavl yainzi mumwe zvikuru, yakaitwa Yuri.

Yuriev-Polsky - nhare pamuganhu hugota

Pamwe chete chinangwa hwakagadzwa uye guta St. George-Polish. kumativi nhare yakavakwa kudzivirira guta. Akanga takapoteredzwa 7-mimetrovymi panharirire kuti achiripo kusvikira nhasi. Rusvingo nhare vaiva vatatu rotonhorera - kepagedhi kuna Vladimir, Moscow uye Pereslavl-Zaleski. It Akavaka guta pedo pamuromo rwizi pamahombekombe Gzy Koloksha.

Gorodets pamusoro Volga River

The guta rakaumbwa Yuriem Dolgorukim muna 1152 pakati kunosvika of Volga. Muzvinyorwa zvekare izvozvo Anonziwo Radilov. Muguta Kwaiva neuto ravarwi, nyanzvi dzokugadzira uye vanhuwo zvavo. Residents kwete chete nechokwadi kuvapo muguta, asi vakanga vachishingaira kutengeserana Kiev, Asia, Bulgars, kuBaltic States. chinangwa Gorodets inokosha chaiva kaza ari Volga Bulgars kubudikidza kukwidziridzwa munyika Russian.

Mujinga Dmitrov

The guta rakaumbwa muna 1154 uye mazita mwanakomana Yuriya Dolgorukogo, uyo akaberekwa mugore iro. Dmitrov avaka marshy pamapani rwizi Yakhroma. Kudzivirira akanga akakwidziridzwa kuti Kremlin, akavaka mujinga megomo. Kune rumwe rutivi akadzivirira nhare kwegore risingapindiki anezvimiti, rumwe - rakagadzirwa nevanhu nomugero, mune dzimwe nzvimbo inosvikira nenzvimbo yakaita mamita 30. Mokupera akavakirirwa neshongwe. Yaiva nzvimbo kure, takakombwa anezvimiti uye masango, iri kumucheto Suzdal.

ushe Second muKiev

Pasinei chokwadi kuti Yuri Holdings zvakanga zvakawanda zvakakwana, muchinda haana kusiya kuedza kuwana chigaro Kiev. Winning Ryazan muna 1154, muchinda akaenda hike kumaodzanyemba kunyika Kievan Rus. On munzira, akaita chibvumirano ne Rostislav pamusoro Smolensk uye muna 1155 zvakare akatonga guru Kievan Rus, akamubata pamwe nomutsigiri wake Svyatoslavom Olgovichem. Akatonga Kiev Izyaslav mapfumo guta pasina kurwa uye akatizira Chernigov. Kuti asimbise simba rayo, Yuri akatuma vanakomana vake kuti vatonge muguta, vaiva pasi pake simba. Zvisinei, mutemo pfupi-akararama - muna 1157 Yuri Dolgoruky akafa. Pane dzidziso kuti akanga muchetura boyars, asina kufanana mutongi mutsva. Pashure pokufa kwake, kupandukira yakatanga, panguva iyo dare muchinda yacho kupambwa.

upenyu hwemhuri Yuriya Dolgorukogo

Mune dzimwe nhoroondo uye unyanzvi zvinyorwa nezvokuparara kunzwisisa hunhu muchinda. Panguva iyoyo vakataura kuti George aiva kufarira mwanakomana wababa vake, Vladimir Monomakh, kumativi zvinomudzora naye. Zvisinei, nguva yasvika apo Dolgoruky aifanira kuteerera kuda muchinda Kiev. Muna 1108 Yuri Dolgoruky mune mukadzi. Chokwadi, muchato zvisinei vakatora nzvimbo nezvikonzero zvematongerwe enyika baba vake, sezvo michato zvose apinda panguva vatongi inotaura.

Mukadzi remangwana Rostov-Suzdal muchinda wokutanga waiva mukunda Polovtsian Hana Alena Osipovna. Mukadzi akauya muchinda kugeza, uye iye akagara zvishoma. Nokukurumidza vechiduku vaviri wakatumwa kumabvazuva iri Rostov hugota. Kubva muchato uyu akaberekerwa Rostislav (akatonga Novgorod), Andrew Bogolyubskii, Ivan, uye Boris Gleb. Kubva mudzimai wake wokutanga uye vanasikana vatatu vakaberekwa: Elena, Maria uye Olga.

Uye ndaiva mumwe mudzimai wechipiri Yuri Dolgoruky. Biography wake ane mashoko zvishomanana, hapana panotaurwa pagore muchato kwake kwaari. Asi kubva kwaari Yury Dolgoruky aiva nevanakomana vatanhatu - cornflowers, Mstislav, Yaroslav, Sviatoslav, uye Vsevolod Mikhail.

Residence Yuriya Dolgorukogo

Sezvo Rostov Grand Duke haana kunzwa zvakare chivimbo nokuda enyika ezvinhu rehurumende, akatamira Suzdal. Asi yaaigara akanga asiri Suzdal, uye mumusha unonzi Kideksha. Izvi zvakaitwa zvikonzero zvakafanana - Yuri Dolgoruky Suzdal boyars aitya. Kusimbiswa kugarwa akakurumidza akakura apo Kamenka runoyerera kupinda Nerl. Kune rumwe rutivi Kideksha vakarwira matunhu mabhanga yoRwizi, nezuva rimwe nhare rakanga rakapoteredzwa refu chinotenderera pamwe womuoki rusvingo pariri.

Sezvo Yuri Dolgoruky ane simba nokuzvipira, mumusha dzakavakwa uye nekereke. Zvisinei, pashure pokufa Prince Kideksha izvozvo yakarasikirwa kukosha kwayo. mwanakomana wake vakatamira guta guru kuna Vladimir, uye kugara Bogolyubovo. Muna 1238, pashure nechisimba wechiTatar-Mongol vazhinji, musha akanga dzichapambwa uye chakauya yakapararawo.

Monument kuti muvambi Moscow

The gakava pamusoro guta kuitika pakati dzekare Havamboregi kusvikira ikozvino. Asi vanhu pachavo vanotenda kuti Sapasi, Yuri Dolgoruky. Moscow aiva nzvimbo musangano muchinda uye mukoma wake, maererano yaMakoronike yekare. Under Stalin, kwakasarudzwa kuzomisa shongwe Yuriyu Dolgorukomu. It iri Tverskaya Square muMoscow. Muna 1946, mumwe makwikwi zvakaziviswa, akunda Orlov wake, uyo akanga asina kuita akakura chivezwa.

Asi sezvo zvikazooneka, muvezi kuziva Stalin pachake. Sezviri pachena, aifarira muvezi uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika - panguva iyoyo mapiyona Soviet zvaikosha nhume kubva kuUnited States. Zvakazoonekwa zvigadzirwa vakasikwa Orlov, zvakagadzirirwa neimba mapiyona, dzaitaurwa nokuda vamiririri America. Orlov akanyora kunyunyuta, achibva yavaizoenda kusangana musoro Soviet Union. Pashure paizvozvo, muvezi uye akatungamirira basa iri pakusikwa shongwe. The Monument chirongwa mubishi rakasikwa Akave nokuvandudza - kana maererano akataurwa Stalin. Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi shongwe rakadzikwa muna 1954. Asi kana Stalin akafara chaizvo kuti Nikita Khrushchev zvimwe asingade shongwe. Kunyanya akatsamwisa iye bhiza Akasununguka - avarayira ake sikarudzi zvakabviswa.

Monuments Yuriyu Dolgorukomu mune mamwe maguta

Kostroma vagari vanofungawo kuti muchinda uye akavamba guta ravo uye akabatsira ayo kukura uye kubudirira. The Monument rakadzikwa pamusoro mativi kusvika Resurrection Day kupemberera 850th gore kweguta. The chirongwa kwakasimbiswa Vladimir Tserkovnikov. The Monument anoyera matani 4 uye ane mumhu 4.5 metres.

In Pereslavl akaisa Dolgoruky bust. It akasikwa sezvo shongwe of Moscow, akashanda Orlov. It riri muna Goritsky wemamonk, paakange zvifambiswe kubva kuMoscow muna 1963.

The Monument Yuriyu Dolgorukomu muna Dmitrov akasika Tserkovnikov. It iri enhoroondo sikweya, izvo akapoteredzwa zvisaririra zviri Kremlin yekare pedyo Cathedral iri kubvuma. Nhasi chiri miziyamu-chengetedza. Maererano nengano, iri shongwe paakagadzwa panzvimbo paakange ataura kuberekwa mwanakomana.

Mutemberi dzakavakwa Yuriem Dolgorukim

venhoroondo All akaona kuzvipira kukuru muchinda. Saka, kuwedzera kune nhare namaguta, unogona kuwana netemberi dzakawanda yakavakwa varayirwa Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Ivavo, pamusoro magwaro achiripo, ndedzinotevera: Kuchinja Cathedral (Pereslavl), Boris uye Gleb Church (Kideksha), St. George Cathedral (Vladimir), Church of Muponesi (Suzdal), Church of Kuberekwa (Suzdal) .

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Nezvezvisikwa Muchinda dzinopesana chaizvo. Makaro, utsinye, authoritativeness - miitiro kuti aiva akazara Yuri Dolgoruky. Biography rinotsanangura izvi zvinhu kwete chete. Aivawo kure anoona zvakanaka enyika vainzwisisa kukosha rakavakirwa miganhu kwete chete dzakavakidzana inoti, asiwo pakati pevatungamiriri venyika Kievan Rus '. Very chinzvimbo uye vaizviita aiva Yuri Dolgoruky. Biography rakanyorwa nevanyori vakasiyana, dzakatsigira ichi - kuedza akawanda andobata chigaro yomuchinda muKiev, guta Bulgaria, nechigadziko uye nokusimbaradza mumaguta, kuvakwa temberi.

Pasinei zvose, muchinda achiri akasiya chinokosha chiratidzo munhau Kievan Rus - maguta akawanda uye machechi zvichiripo. Uye kuti guta guru uye boyars havana kufanana ushe Prince - kunonzwisisika. Ipapo vatongi vakanga kubatsirwa chaizvo pamusoro boyars, izvo zvaizoitawo zvaisafadza avo vakanga kutsunga uye imperiousness. Asi nomutauro wake Rostov-Suzdal kwavabati pashure pokufa vake vakarangarira nokuonga. Pashure pezvose, kudzivirirwa Polovtsian uye Bulgars akarongeka chaizvo Yuri Dolgoruky.