Utachiona idenderedzwa (neshinda yakaiswa ruvara, micrococci, diplococci): mamiriro, kukura, mufambo

Pasina mubvunzo, utachiona ndivo zvisikwa ekare panyika. Ivo vanobatanidzwa pane ose pavaipfuura ichitanga nyaya zvakasikwa. Over mabhiriyoni emakore oupenyu hwake kwemabhakitiriya wadzikamisa pezvakaitwa akadai chinovira, kugaya, mineralization, kugaya uye zvichingodaro. Small, usingaonekwi varwi ziso vari kwose kwose. Vanorarama nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana, iri ganda redu uye kunyange mukati muviri yedu. Kuti kunzwisisa kusiyana kwavo, zvingatora kupfuura imwe upenyu. Asi, edza kudzokorora chikuru siyana mabhakitiriya, kutaura idenderedzwa chete-celled zvinenge.

Umambo utachiona, kana chii kudzidza zvidukuduku

Wildlife rakakamurwa 5 umambo zvikuru. Mumwe wavo - kunyikadzimu mabhakitiriya. Pane subkingdoms mbiri dzakabatana sezvo utachiona uye zvitema-girini algae. Masayendisiti kazhinji anotaura zvinenge aya Monera, iyo inoratidza mashoko kubereka kwacho celled, akaderedza kuti "Kupwanya", ndiko nokupesana.

umambo utachiona zvinobatanidzwa pakudzidza zvidukuduku. Masayendisiti ari mirayiridzo iyi systematize zviri zvipenyu oumambo, kuongorora Morphology, kudzidza nemakemikari omuviri, physiology, nokuti shanduka uye basa mararamiro panyika.

The vakawanda mamiriro masero kwemabhakitiriya

All zvikuru mhando utachiona vane chimwe chivako. Havafaniri kuva musimboti takapoteredzwa Kamudzira kuti chingaparadzanisa kubva cytoplasm. Utachiona yakadaro inonzi prokaryotes. utachiona vazhinji takapoteredzwa mucous Kamudzira pamusoro Kamudzira, izvo anomupa kuramba phagocytosis. A yakasiyana chepfungwa vamiririri umambo kukwanisa bereka ose 20-30 maminitsi.

masero Chirwere vangava zvitarisiko siyana nemhaka yavo kupatsanura iyo:

1. Utachiona cocci (idenderedzwa).
2. Rod-zvakaumbwa (bacillus utachiona).
3. Yakakoswa uye curved utachiona (vibrio uye spirilla).
4. Chain-utachiona (Streptococcus).
5. Acinar chimiro (staphylococci).

Ngatikurukurei muudzame utachiona vari idenderedzwa, nokudya zita cocci.

Idenderedzwa (cocci): muchidimbu kwemabhakitiriya

Izwi neshinda yakaiswa ruvara akasvika zvidukuduku kubva muchiLatin. Its ukoshi - "idenderedzwa" "idenderedzwa". Kunyange kune shanduro rinoreva kuti mutauro wechiGiriki, uye ayo kukosha - "zviyo". Uye chokwadi, uye mune imwe nyaya, zita unoratidza kunze pakuonekwa microorganism. Izvi zvinoreva kuti utachiona vane idenderedzwa woita chimiro. Dzimwe sero zvingava zvishoma elongated uye vanoumba pedyo denderedzwa, zvimwe zvinenge zviri zvishoma flattened laterally. Mabhakitiriya All kwaiita immobile uye hatikwanisi sporulation. Avhareji dhayamita pamusoro cocci - 0.5-1.5 microns.

Idenderedzwa Mabhakitiriya muivhu, mudenga, pamusoro zvigadzirwa. Kuwana mune zvakanaka zvakatipoteredza, sero anotanga vachishingaira ruminant urongwa. Akaumba pamusoro pemvura chena, kuchena, yellow kana tsvuku kwemabhakitiriya dzaitongwa. Panguva kubereka, mumwe idenderedzwa chiratidzazvizhinji wakaputsika zviviri chero mundege. Pashure kupatsanura utachiona vari idenderedzwa kana kuramba akazvimirira kana kubatanidzwa nemamwe cocci.

The Kupesana kupinda mhuka

Group globular bakitiriya dzinosiyana. Inside payo pane kupesana kupinda mhando dzakasiyana:

• Giremu-yakanaka idenderedzwa micrococci;
• woita peya diplococci;
• streptococci chokuita kwemabhakitiriya cheni;
• achiumba kuburikidza kugovera mativi tetrakokki;
• achiumba kuburikidza kugovera kuutio sartsiny;
• ruminant mu kwatangwa nzira staphylococci.

Mabhakitiriya zvose izvi cocci vane unhu avo, izvo kwete nedanho weboka. Izvi zvinoda rondedzero uwane rimwe.

Features micrococci

On hukawanika dzinongoda micrococci chete vanhu kana kutadza zvemichindwe. Kana akaisa pamusoro Micrococcus gobvu inotonhorera svikiro chichachengetwa paumbwe kumeso, vakagumisa mapoka mavara akawanda (chena, yero, tsvuku). Ruvara pakuti ruvara masero kana kwokusunungura chigadzirwa wechitema mune zvakatipoteredza.

Micrococci muri unosungira aerobes. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanofanira okisijeni nokuda afemeruke. By nzira kudyisa utachiona izvi (idenderedzwa micrococci) - saprophytes, kana utachiona hwacho hako. Ndiko, vanokwanisa kugamuchira zvinovaka muviri kuti kukura akafa kana raderera zvinyama kana kudya zvimwe nyama dzomuviri.

Micrococci kwete pathogenic, kureva hakupesani zvakajairika inoshanda, kushanda zvakanaka uye kutendeka munyama. Most zvigare izvi kukura pane kutonhora kubvira 25 kusvika 30 ° C. Asi vamwe vavo vari kunze siyana ichi uye vanokwanisa kubereka ari tembiricha kuti 5-8 ° C, kana kwete kuurawa kudziyisa kusvika 60-65 ° C.

Muvanhu, micrococci zvinowanikwa paganda iri nemumuromo mhango, ari kufema turakiti. Apo neapo dzokubereka nadzo kana conjunctiva.

Kunyanya idenderedzwa bakitiriya diplococcus

Panewo idenderedzwa utachiona vari diplococci. Mabhakitiriya aya ndiwo idenderedzwa chimiro zviripo vaviri vaviri. Ndicho ichi chinoratidza akava vaiita chidzoke rokuti "diplococcus". Zvinonzi aumba kubva pashoko rechiGiriki diploos, iro rinogona kushandurudzwa se "kaviri." Medicine dzinounzwa kumativi 80 mhando mbiri mabhakitiriya. Mumuviri, kazhinji inodzivirira Kamudzira, unova paumbwe slimy asina kupfuura 0.2 microns paukobvu. Kamudzira nguva dzose ane simba kubatana pamwe sero masvingo mabhakitiriya, zvinokwanisika kunzwisisa mune pathological zvinhu smears. Diplokokki kushanda kuna giremu negative uye giremu-akanaka utachiona. Vane pathogenic. Mienzaniso idenderedzwa bacteria kuva diplokokki - ndiko gonococcus, pneumococcus uye meningococcus. Ivo mwandabvu, lobar mabayo uye yomumuzongoza.

Gonococcus ane chinzvimbo kupfuura pathogenic kwemarudzi diplokokkov. Izvi pathogenic cocci vane chimiro kaviri bhinzi. Asi mune zvimwe zviitiko vanokwanisa chairwo chimiro uye chimiro tsama mabhakitiriya. Kuziva munhu zodzera atora gonococci uye kuwanda leukocytes muropa. Nhasi, mwandabvu ndicho chirwere rakajairika pabonde. Maperembudzi kuburikidza kurara kuonana.

Pneumococci fadza kwete chete lobar nemabayo, asiwo otitis vezvenhau kana sinusitis. Utachiona iri miviri lanceolate. It wakasimba, asi kukura kwaro idukusa 1.25 microns. Streptococcus pneumoniae ari giremu-akanaka utachiona.

Meningococcus - chiutsi utachiona-kufanana hwaro pakati pemabhanzi akanamatirana pamwe chete. In chitarisiko fananei kuti gonococcus. Zvezvinotaurwa meningococcus - the mucous Kamudzira wouropi. Varwere vanofungidzirwa yomumuzongoza hazvo muchipatara.

Staphylococci uye streptococci: kunyanya utachiona

Funga mamwe mabhakitiriya maviri, globular siyana vakasungwa nengetani, kana vari kukura kwatangwa nzira. It streptococci uye staphylococci.

Streptococci kwevanhu microflora zhinji. Kana vachigoverana idenderedzwa utachiona kusika semanekiresi kana nengetani zvigare. Streptococci anogona kukonzera chirwere uye kuzvimba. Favorite localization - muromo, dumbu, sikarudzi uye mucous membranes ari kufema turakiti.

Staphylococci vakakamurwa mu ndege zhinji. Zvavanokupai mazambiringa kubva kwemabhakitiriya masero. Anokwanisa kukonzera anogumbura pezvakaitwa mune nyama yose uye nhengo.

Chii mhedziso vanofanira kuita vanhu

Murume zvakare rinoshandiswa chokuti ndiye mambo zvakasikwa. Kakawanda, izvozvo ruchigona chete ndakafanana simba. Asi munyika pane yose hwaJehoshafati kuti Chine Utachiona asingaoneki kuti ziso. Vane soro anochinjika zvakatipoteredza uye kuva nezvahunoita ose nokukanganisika kwendangariro. Smart vanhu refu vakaziva kuti "muduku" hazvirevi "asingabatsiri" kana "vakachengeteka." Pasina utachiona hwose upenyu Panyika nyore kurega. Pasina kunyatsomuteerera kuti pathogenic utachiona - anorasikirwa unhu uye zvishoma nezvishoma akafa akabuda.