Smolny wemamongi - kwakajeka kusikwa penya muuki

Nepo vapenyu chizvarwa vakadzidza muzvikoro Soviet, Smolny chechechi, kana kungoti "Smolny", zvichava nechokuita V. I. Leninym. Uye pashure pemakore gumi munhoroondo iyi mapurani Ensemble peji chokuita makore 1917-1918 achava chakajeka. Zvino mazuva anotevera zviitiko izvi, zvikuru inosuruvarisa. Pasina pavo, ivo Smolny chechechi Rastrelli angadai akaramba chete mumwe mabasa makuru vazhinji akangwara mapurani.

Zita pakero

The chaizvo nhoroondo kwakabva wemamonk zita riri inonakidza zvikuru, uyewo anenge ose chinhu muSt Petersburg. nzvimbo iyi yaiva nzvimbo rumhanda pamberi kuwedzera woKumusoro guru. In Spasovschina musha, pakarepo, achangopera yeSweden vakavaka pakatarisana pamahombekombe Nienschanz nhare panzvimbo iyi akavaka nhare Sabina. Admiralty Shipyard - mumwe zvivako zvichiitika guta-nhare wokutanga. Zvakanga kuti zvaaida uye vakavaka tara kwemba. Isa ive zita rakakodzera akavanamatira. Smolny chechechi yomuka pano paya, uyewo yakakura nhamba zvinhu muzita rayo rine kero warwo nzvimbo uye ... chimedu nhoroondo.

Chishuvo Empress - mutemo

Pfungwa kwaita wemamongi ndohwaJehovha Empress Elizabeth, uyo mberi kunetswa pamusoro zera ravo. Aida rugare norunyararo, uye izvi zvose yakavimbika pave wemamongi, yakanga achava mambokadzi abbess. Asi chakakomba vazviomesere pakati yemamongi mararamiro haana kuiswawo pfungwa yokuti munhu anofara kukwegura, uye Smolny wemamongi akanga akapa zvakawanda zvakafanana chikoro chebhodhingi vechidiki vakadzi vamachinda huru. Sezvingatarisirwa, ichinyaradzwa Kugara waakanga avimbiswa chero 120 vadzidzi. Mumwe ane yoga furati ose anodiwa services - rudzi yoga, vakasununguka mufurati. Panguva abbess kwaiva kuva yoga imba.

mapurani mukuru St. Petersburg

The kusarudza nzvimbo - munhu mutero kuna vaduku Makore andakapedza ari pakati Smolny Palace (zita Maiden wechipiri), nomutsa mujeri, panguva behest pakati Anny Ioannovny.

Francesco Rastrelli, mwanakomana yakakurumbira Charles Rastrelli, panguva iyoyo akabata pambiru mukuru mapurani St. Petersburg. Akanga adzidziswa kuvaka Rumuko Novodevichy chechechi. Muna 1744, kuti kupenya mapurani yava rakagadzirirwa chinhu zvachose itsva shanduro ndeyokungoitawo chinhu, izvo, pamwe akapoteredza zvivako rava kutanga zvitsva muchechi mapurani.

The yepakutanga kusvika

Chinonyanya kukosha runoratidza aiva asipo rakakwana ibwe noruzhowa. Izvi kwaiva zvinofambidzana kuti tsika haazovharwi yemamongi, zvichiratidza zvachose renunciation upenyu rokunyika, uye zvichava, asi imwe yepamusoro dzidzo sangano nokuda highborn vakadzi. Muna 1748 ibwe yokutanga dzateyiwa. The mhemberero akanga apinda ne Empress. Rastrelli zvaJehovha Smolny chechechi kuri chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha dzimba nyika.

Olden kuvapo

Asi zvido dzevakadzi vari kugadzikana. Zvino Empress achida zvikuru. Zvino, muna 1849, kwokutanga nekubatwa redesigns. Kutanga, akaderedza kune mwero kukura yomunharaunda neshongwe bhero, iyo Rastrelli 140 metres yakakwirira uye kupfuura Petro naPauro belfry. In basa idzva, pane zvimwe zvaiitwa kare dzemamongi Russian. Zvikurukuru, inopa mukana domes: musimboti - guru uye muhombe - rakombwa mana maduku ndivo.

kuvakwa remakore

A Ensemble mutsva Smolny chechechi, yakawanda mari uye basa. Muna 1754 nyaya akauya Erizabheti. Zvaakaona ndashamisa naye zvokuti iye pakarepo kubatwa gigantomania uye akarayira kuti vana vavo vakakanda nebhero kuti zvingadai ave achipikisana ari chamber Bell - miganhu yacho vaifanira vanoumba 6,5 metres upamhi, uye ungadai rairema 20,000 pondo. Asi Empress kufa vasati kusvika yakatarwa wakatsaurwa. Smolny chechechi akanganwa.

akanganwa namaoko

makore mashanu haina kuitwa chero basa. Pasina domes uye shongwe bhero, wakanamira kunzwisisa vashoma vane ngano rima. War yaparadzwa yepfuma, Catherine II, iyo Rastrelli inobvisa nebasa. Kwemakore gumi, kubva 1785 kusvika 1795 apfuura, basa riri kuitwa, ipapo ndakadaro. Uye dai asina kuzomukazve nokuuya zvitsva Empress Educational Society vasikana kubva vaine mhuri, akanga kurarama kune imwe nzvimbo, Smolny chechechi muSt Petersburg angadai akaramba hazvina kutorwa nehama dzazvo - maigara nemasisita 20 chete.

Nokuuya Paul "vanokudzwa vasikana" ( "smolyanok" kana, sezvo vakanga vakadamwa) vakadzingwa kugara pachigaro shama nzvimbo chirikadzi. Zviri pachena, kune zvivako zvakadaro, apo, zvisinei runako dzavo, mumwe haagoni kudziyisa nzvimbo.

rakasvika muridzi

vapedza Zvizere kuvaka Nicholas I. mberi unprecedentedly refu nguva - makore 87. Mapurani V. P. Stasov, kuhwinha makwikwi, yakadzorerwa uye akadzorerwa Cathedral kwemakore matatu, uye chete muna 1835, asi zvakaoma yakanga yatsaurirwa. Akasvika pakuzivikanwa se Cathedral of nemasangano ose edzidzo. Rakafuridzirwa nokunaka kunze, chinova Smolny chechechi (mufananidzo chapupu), vanatenzi Russian vakaedza kuti mukati akafanira mukuru Rastrelli. Imba yacho yakashongedzwa machena bhora, rekristaro balustrade uye altarpiece basa Vasnetsov akaita Smolny chechechi rakasiyana pfuma Russian tsika. Chinhu bedzi kumbobvira rakapera, bhero neshongwe, izvo, pfungwa, havana kunyatsobatsira pakuonekwa Church. Yakanga yakanaka.

Mazuvano, zvose achawira munzvimbo

Asi kuti tirambe chinzvimbo ichi kuti wemamongi nhasi hatina kupiwa chimurenga, pashure chindori ichi kunyange kushandiswa senzvimbo yokuchengetera. Varombo navo yakavharwa, vakapfuura paruoko kuisa; muna 1990 imba inoshandiswa senzvimbo konzati uye kuratidza horo.

Rokutanga pashure kakawanda kudaro kunyengetera kunoitika pano chete muna 2009. Kubvira 2010, Smolny Cathedral rinoshandiswa kuti chinangwa chahwo - zviri rakavhurika yokunamata. Muna 2011, anenge makore zana gare gare, muna Smolny Cathedral yakaitwa kunamata Christmas.