Pfungwa uye mhando zvoupfumi

The zvoupfumi ndiyo mitambo nzira sangano pezvakaitwa zvoupfumi uye zvoupfumi kuitika munharaunda: kugadzirwa zvinhu nokuparadzirwa dzavo, kuparadzwa, kushandisa zviwanikwa zviri ehurumende uye zvichingodaro. Uyewo, rudzi zvoupfumi pakutsvaga hunhu uye chimiro dzinotsanagura kugadzirwa, kuchinjanisa, kuparadzirwa uye kunwa iri muvanhu. Siyana kwenzanga kwevanhu anotiratidza zvakasiyana-siyana management. Zvisinei, kazhinji, marudzi ose zvoupfumi munhoroondo yevanhu, masayendisiti ano dzinoiswa mu huru mikana mana. Ngationgororei navo.

The Mhando zvoupfumi gadziriro: chinyakare upfumi

Izvi nhoroondo tanga uye kupfuura chinyakare chimiro management. vanhu yakadaro zvikuru kunorambidzwa, uye zvetsika. Uye kuti tsika uye ndakatsunga mibvunzo inokosha zvoupfumi: chii uye sei zvikuru kuti kubereka, uyo, iye uye sei kuita firimu, inova marongedzero kukurudzira uye vatevedzere, sei kuparadzira kwokupedzisira chigadzirwa pakati munzanga. upfumi kwakadaro achiperekedzwa zvekare, shure ano, kushandiswa kwakapararira remaoko, kuchinja nzanga pachinhu chero zvakagadzirwa. Kuwedzera pamienzaniso yenhau, ichi mhando management aripo munyika dzinoverengeka underdeveloped nyika yanhasi.

Administrative-murayiro mhando zvoupfumi

Ipfungwa ichi rakatangwa muna rokutanga kota XX remakore chepamusoro yechiFascist hurumende uye mugovanisi inoti. Chinokosha kuti upfumi izvi ndiyo nationalization nzira dzose kugadzirwa uye zvemari marongerwo: zvinomera, mafekitari, nemabhengi zvichingodaro. Somugumisiro, hurumende mamiriro ropiwa maoko avo azere nesimba pamusoro upfumi utariri: Pricing, musika wedzerai, mubayiro kukura, pakuenzanisa kukura zvoupfumi sectors uye zvichingodaro. Zvose zviri pasi pokutonga ehurumende zvinodiwa.

The Mhando zvoupfumi gadziriro: vakasununguka musika

Zvoupfumi munyika kuzivikanwa dzinongoitika kwacho. Direct kudzora nzvimbo iripo. The State anopa uchapupu mikana oga varidzi. Zvisinei, izvozvo matura ose zvisina kunanga nzira murau hwenyika, akadai fiscal negwaro. In chokungopa pamusika zvinogadzirisa uye kodzero vakasununguka makwikwi kunotungamirira kumutsidzira zvoupfumi basa. Asi panguva imwecheteyo kune kwaita monopolistic hofori uye kwavakazoita usurpation yacho musika, kupindira mune zvematongerwo enyika uye munzanga upenyu munyika.

Mixed zvoupfumi

mhando iyi chenhaka kusiiwa yapfuura maviri mifananidzo, uye vamwe tenderano yavo. Ari zvemberi nyika nhasi, naro inoshanda zvakavhenganiswa wemuTesitamende ayo akasiyana dzakasiyana: US, Japan uye vakawanda European Union nyika. Pano anobvumira kushanda wakasununguka kumusika. In mamiriro ichi, achishandisa michero yayo, anoramba zvinokosha zvireruke pamusoro pehurumende upfumi. Nokudaro ndokudzora zvainovhiringidzawo maviri yapfuura hurongwa.