Kunzwisisa - ndiwo sei? vangani mamita ari mita uye isingasviki maira

Munguva dzekare muRussia kuyera daro uye urefu kushandisa muviri wake. We akayera minwe, nemichindwe, matanho. Vakawanda mwero urefu Netsoka nomwe. zita raro rinobva rechiito "syagat", izvo zvinoreva - ruoko kuzviita. mudzi ichi vachiri rachengetedzwa shoko "hahungawanikwi". Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakadaro zvikuru kuzviitira zviyero urefu, nokuti kukura uye kukura maoko vose vanhu zvakasiyana. Asi pasinei ichi, kuRussia, takavaka temberi yakanaka uye rinopindirana marongerwo. Pakatanga iri arşive wemuTesitamende USSR, kureba tsaru matanho vavakanganwa. Saka, vanhu vashoma vanoziva ikozvino, makumbo matanhatu - ndiwo sei.

chiyero Ancient urefu

Distance madzitateguru edu kana netepimezha akayera matanho akanga akaenzana 72 masendimita. Kana akayera zviviri zvakanga matanho - nyore vakati vapfuura kana threes - breech vakati vapfuura. Madaro marefu akayera mu mamaira. Munguva dzekare, ichi chiyero anonziwo "munda". Its kureba siyana zvichienderana pakureba mamita uye mari yawo. Uyewo zvakasiyana mezhevaya uye kufamba mamaira. Avhareji rikayerera kwechinhambwe maira - zvishoma kupfuura kiromita. Vangani mamita isingasviki maira, hazvibviri kutsanangura chaizvo. Kazhinji, 500 kusvika 750, uye pakati rechi17 rave akagadzawo maira pakati 1000 mamita.

Kuyera maduku marefu aishandiswa nedzimwe matanho. Fabric akayera emaoko, saka vatengesi vakasarudza miduku Vatengesi. Chimwe chaizvo yekare urefu - span ichi. Zviri akaenzana chinhambwe pakati kumuromo kwematanda rwake rwakatambanudzwa minwe: guru uye nomutoo. Izvi anenge 19 kusvika 23 masendimita. Uye zviduku mwero urefu - padiki - anenge 4,5 masendimita. kure ichi kunoyerwa akapeta pamwe nezvigunwe zviviri - indekisi uye pakati.

Nhoroondo vakati vapfuura Russian

Kwenguva refu masayendisiti kugona kunzwisisa sei chiyero rakashandiswa vavaki Russian yekare. Asi pashure vanochera matongo vakawana ibwe pamusoro rakanga rakatemerwa: "Gleb Duke akayera 10,000 uye 4,000 mamita.", Akakwanisa kuverenga kukosha 151 vakati vapfuura sendimita. Izvi rakaenderana nemigumisiro mamwe matanho National Russian. Paiva dzakasiyana mamita, izvo zvaishandiswa zvakasiyana kukura uye kuvakwa. Kuti aite izvi vakati vapfuura chaidzo tambo nehuni "triptych".

Zvino zvakaoma kutaura, tsoka nomwe - ndiwo sei? Pakati pezana remakore rechi17 rakazoshandiswa breech tsoka manomwe, izvo zvakaenzana 216 masendimita. Raiva tsoka matanhatu 72 masendimita. Asi Petro akaita chikumbiro vakati vapfuura Russian pamwe British zviyero urefu - nokudaro kushandura kureba pachivanze. Iye akaramba. Uye, naizvozvovo, akatanga kunzwisisa pakureba akaenzana 213 masendimita. Uye muna 1924, nezviyero izvi urefu zvachose kubva kushandiswa, vakatanga kushandisa arşive marongedzero kuyerwa. Vakawanda mwero urefu 1 mita. How mamita zhinji yakanga chikamu, zvino zvakaoma kutaura. Zvakawanda ruzivo yekare akarasika, asi masayendisiti zvishoma nezvishoma nokudzosazve hwakare zviyero.

Kunzwisisa - ndiwo sei?

Pakutanga, zviyero zvose Russian pakureba uye daro vakanga kuyerwa dzemuviri. Uye kana namo uye kugokora - zviri pachena sei, sei vakatsunga vakati vapfuura refu? Kana Treasury wakaiswa kuti kukodzera kumufananidzo pamwe kureba pachivanze, ndiwo Inonyanya kubata vanhu "Centrifugal kunzwisisa" akanga pakutsvaga chinhambwe pakati munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva tisingabatanidzi maoko murume mukuru. Rakanga anenge maviri nehafu kana 176 mamita ane masendimita. Asi chiyero kupfuura kare urefu, zvichienderana rakanga akavaka bhero shongwe Ivana Velikogo muna Kremlin. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi17 Rakashandiswsa chete kurongwa.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana mamita muRussia

Mabviro vazhinji vavo vachiri kuzivikanwa. Zvaidavirwa kuti vamwe akaonekwa Russia, apo vamwe vakanga rakumbirwa. Somuenzaniso, vanoti kuti chechi tsoka nomwe, izvo zvakaenzana 186 masendimita, inobva yekare mwero weRoma urefu, rwamambo - muEgipita, uye mukuru - Lithuanian. Pane achiri Greek aiva kureba 230 masendimita. Kunewo diki, netepimezha, mupurisa, chefuma, nyore, uye vamwe vakawanda. Havana Proportional uye multiples mumwe mumwe. Kunyange zvakadaro kazhinji zvakaitika kuti vanhu vakasiyana vanoshandisa mhando dzakasiyana yakayerwa.

Rakajairika vakati vapfuura

Kune mhando dzakawanda dzakakurumbira rakashandiswa zvose. Ndicho dangwe: nyore tsoka manomwe, inova akaenzana masendimita 150, chevarwere kana flywheel - 176 masendimita uye oblique tsoka nomwe - 248 masendimita. Kureba iri pakutsvaga chinhambwe pakati noruoko minwe ruoko rwake uye pakatarisana rutsoka Tsanga yacho yaichekwa. Pfungwa iyi vakapona ari tsumo 'oblique tsoka nomwe panguva pamafudzi. " Saka tiri kutaura pamusoro magamba. Paivawo diki tsoka manomwe, izvo zvakaenzana chinhambo kubva noruoko maoko pasi. Mari 142 masendimita. Saka zvakaoma chaizvo kutaura, tsoka nomwe - ndiwo masendimita vangani. Unofanira kutanga kusarudza pamusoro papi Kureba mubvunzo.

Sokushandiswa vakati vapfuura muRussia

Wood uye tambo chiyero inoshandiswa kure kuyerwa Somuenzaniso, kusarudza pakukura munyika uye kuvakwa. zvakaitika kakawanda kuti tenzi nomumwe akanga wake pachake kuzvinzwisisa pachake. Vakanga akaparadzirwa munyika 10 marudzi akasiyana navo, zvose zvacho zvisina yose nhamba, uye havana multiples mumwe mumwe. Vakanga zvaishandiswa zvikurukuru nokuyerwa avhareji tsika. Zvino mumwe kunzwisisa kuenzaniswa mamita maviri, asi vakawanda kukura kwayo anoda kubva 142 kusvika 248 masendimita. Saka, vaya vanofarira mamita vangani vari meter, kuisa kuva kwete mubvunzo.

Russian akitekicha

Pasinei chokwadi kuti kuvakwa muna Russia aishandisa vakati vapfuura siyana, temberi yekare nezvimwe zvivako zvinoshamisa sei kuwirirana uye proportionality. Nei izvi zvakadaro? Pakuvaka zvivako ezvivako dzekare akavimba dzinongoitika zvikuru. Ndezvipi zvinotaurwa dzave kushandiswa pakuvaka?

Kureba masvingo uye kureba zvivako kwaisanganisira yose uwandu mamita. Izvi kunoenderana misimboti "chikamu yendarama".

Nokuti kuvaka ndozvaiva kushandiswa hapana mumwe asi vakati vapfuura dzakawanda. Imwe kuyera upamhi chivakwa, imwe - nokuti kureba. Urefu pakutsvaga yechitatu vakati vapfuura, uye richienda wechina vakaronga. Kana imba yaiva imwe uriri, ipapo kushandiswa kwayo kuvaka pamusoro vakati vapfuura.

Chimwe chinhu - paivakwa kuwana matanho maduku urefu zvinoberekwa kupatsanura kupinda vakati vapfuura maviri. Chinoramba polsazheni kota vakati vapfuura (kana kugokora), wechisere (padiki) uye rimwe namakumi matatu wechipiri (padiki).

Sei Zvivako zvekare sokuti saka zvinopindirana

Pasinei kunzwisisa kwakaita Masvomhu uye kushandiswa akasiyana hurongwa mamita, zvivako vekare vachiri kunofadza vanhu vane ayo proportionality uye aesthetic pakukwana. Munhu anonzwa akasununguka mavari, nokuti akavaka nokushandiswa kukura kwevanhu. Uye zvisinei vakati vapfuura aiva mumwe kugara ukoshi. Mumwe nomumwe wavo yakabuda kuyerwa akaita tichibatsirwa maoko, emaoko, maoko netsoka dzevanhu.

Zvivako All yekare sokuti zvinoshamisa rinobvumirana uye maererano chimwe chikonzero kuti aishandisa rwokuzvarwa zvikamu zvitatu, pane ano mbiri musimboti mu partitioning yavo. Uyezve, masayendisiti akawana kuti nhamba yakareba vakati vapfuura kuti anoendera- duku kuti "yendarama chikamu". Uye nhamba iyi rinowanikwa kusvika mana grade nzvimbo.

vanhu Modern vanoziva pfungwa "kunzwisisa", kunyanya kubva mabasa Classics Russian kana zvirevo. Kuwedzera okuti "oblique nomwe tsoka panguva pamafudzi" anoshandiswa zvakadai "uri bhizimisi kwevhiki, uye pamusoro pako - musi sazhenku," "danda kuva simbe - tsoka nomwe" uye navamwe. Hazvishamisi kuti vakawanda vanofarira mubvunzo: kunzwisisa - ndiwo sei? Kunyange, chaizvoizvo, mhinduro inonzwisisika kuti mubvunzo uyu anogona kupiwa.