Lovecraft, "Necronomicon": tsanangudzo

Howard Lovecraft ndomunyori weAmerica uyo akasiya mushure mekunyorwa kwemafa. Nyika yemazuva ano inofanira kuti "ndinokuvongai" kwaari nokuda kwechipo chake chinokosha mukusimudzira mabhuku nekufungidzira. Sezvo munyori pachake akanyora kuti: "Kutya ndiyo pfungwa yekare uye yakadzika yomunhu, uye kutya kwakasimba ndiko kutya kwevasingazivikanwi."

Kuziva nemunyori

Howard Lovecraft akanyorera mumhando dzekufungidzira, kutya uye kusanganisa. Akabudirira kuburikidza izvi zvitatu nzira, izvo zvakakonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda. Lovecraft yakasika nyika yakasiyana-siyana yenhema Cthulhu. Muhupenyu, kakawanda huchiitika, basa rake rakanga risati rakakurumbira. Mushure mekufa kwemunyori, yakatanga kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kune zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano. Kuti asimbise kuburitsa kwetarenda yemunyori, mabasa ake akaiswa mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana - Lovecraft's horrors.

Mukomana uyu akaberekerwa muProvenence uye ndiye oga mwana mumhuri. Baba vake vakashanda sechishongo, asi munguva pfupi vakawira muchipatara chepfungwa. Zvinonakidza, Howard aiva mwana anonzi prodigy: pazera remakore maviri akadzokorora nhetembo nemwoyo, uye pazera remakore matanhatu akatanga kunyora zvake. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti baba vake vaiva neraibhurari yakakura muguta. Uyu mukomana aiwanzova nehope dzakaipa, dzakawanda dzazvo dzakaumba hwaro hwemabasa emangwana ("Dagon").

Howard akanga achirwara zvikuru, saka akaenda kuchikoro chete pazera remakore 8, asi akakurumidza kubviswa kubva ipapo. Pamba akadzidza chemistry, akanyora mabasa ake uye akaverenga zvakawanda. Apo tateguru akafa, mhuri yakava murombo zvikuru uye yakabuda kunze. Pachikonzero cheizvi, Howard ainge achinetseka nekutya, nekuda kwekuti haana kupedzisa chikoro. Amai vomukomana, Sarah, vakaenda kuchipatara, kwaakafa. Akanga ane ukama nemwanakomana wake kusvika mumazuva ekupedzisira.

The Necronomicon

Lovecraft "Necronomicon" yakanyorwa sebhuku renhema. Inowanzotaurwa mumabasa ekunyora kwevateveri vanyori, ayo anobva pane zvinyorwa zveChulhu. Nhau "Mucherechedzo Wechenjeri" inoti "Necronomicon" ine mhemberero dzese dzemashiripiti, uyewo tsanangudzo yakajeka yeAncients, nhoroondo yavo uye hondo dzakaoma.

Vaverengi vazhinji nevatsvakurudzi vekugadzira Howard Lovecraft vanodavira kuti bhuku rine mufananidzo chaiwo, wakanyorwa kwete naAbdul Alhazred, asi nemunyori chaiye. Iyi pfungwa inobatwa navanhu vanobatanidzwa zvikuru munyika yezvakafungidzirwa uye zvisiri izvo, pamwe chete nevatsigiri vezano rekunyora. Zvechokwadi, mutori wenhau uye nyanzvi Kenneth Grant yakanga yakanyanyisa nezvebhuku uye zvisikwa zvakatsanangurwa. Zvakakosha kutaura kuti vamwe vemazuva ano vemitambo vanofungawo kuti Lovecraft "Necronomicon" haina kutanga.

Tsika yekuita zvinyorwa zvemabhuku ezvinyorwa zvakaonekwa mushure mekushingaira kwake kuna Edgar Poe, uyo akashinga kuita zvakafanana. Nenguva isipi tsika yakadaro yakatanga kuitika kakawanda pakati pevanyori vezvinyorwa. Kutaura kwokutanga uye zvinyorwa zvebhuku zvinogona kuwanikwa mubhuku rinonzi Hound (1923) uye muChipupuriro chaRandolph Carter (1919).

Lovecraft ("Necronomicon") yakaiswa mubhuku tsanangudzo pfupi, iyo inoti kuverenga kunogona kukuvadza utano hwepfungwa nehuviri hwemuverengi. Ndicho chikonzero chekuti bhuku racho rinochengetwa mumabhadhirasi pasi pemutemo unorambidzwa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nyaya dzakanzi "Necronomicon. Nyika dzeHoward Lovecraft "dzine nhoroondo yakakwana yevanhu vekare, mazita avo uye nzira dzekudana.

Lovecraft anonyora kuti bhuku rakasikwa naAbdul Alhazred muDhamasiko muna 720. Mushure meizvi, akashandurwa kanoverengeka (nyanzvi yezvidzidzo zvebhaibheri uye anonzi Danish chilologist). Lovecraft anotaurawo kuti kune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana asi yakasiyana-siyana kubva kumashiripiti uye nyanzvi John Dee.

"Necronomicon" - chokwadi kana fungidzira?

Lovecraft (yakatorwa "Necronomicon") yakaratidza tarenda yake yepamusoro mubhuku iri risinganzwisisiki, iro rinotenderera kuburikidza nemabasa ake ose muutsvuku tsvuku. Nhasi unogona kuwana rugwaro rwe "Necronomicon" paInternet, rakagadziridzwa naColin Wilson, Robert Turner naDavid Langford, avo vakashandura bhuku rakanyorwa rakanyorwa naDkt. John Dee. Shanduro yavo inonzi Liber Logaeth. Vanotaura kuti vanoparidza chikamu chimwe chete chebasa risingazivikanwi, iro rine maitiro akafanana ne Howard Lovecraft's Necronomicon. Bhuku racho rine zvikamu 19, rimwe nerimwe razvitsaurirwa kune imwe mweya kana chisikwa. Uyewo, pane tsanangudzo yakajeka ye "kutaurirana" nemweya uye nzira dzekuvadana kuti vawane pfuma yavo pachavo. Pakutanga kwebhuku, unogona kuwana sumo pfupi inotanga muverengi kuA-Asif. Zvitsauko zvishomanana zvinotevera zvakashandurwa pakuchinja kwemwaka mugore, kutaurirana nematombo uye zviratidzo.

Mumakorodzano eWorcraftcraft unogona kuwana mamwe maitiro ake anozivikanwa akaipa, ayo akajeka zvakajeka maitiro kubva kuchidziso cheGood Dawn. Ndizvo zvinokonzera vatsvakurudzi vazhinji zvekugadzirwa kwemunhu uyu kune pfungwa yokuti mune zvinyorwa zvemu munyori pane nzvimbo yekufuridzirwa kwemashiripiti ye ruzivo rwakavanzika rwemairairo ekare. Nokudaro, mabhuku eWoward Lovecraft anogona kuva chinhu chinoita kuti anzwisise pfungwa dzakawanda dzechiArchaic dzinorondedzerwa nemunyori nerubatsiro rwemashoko akaoma uye akazowanikwa nguva yakareba. Kunyangwe tichiziva kukosha kwezivo yeesoteric, kukosha kwemitemo yemadhimoni uye maitiro emashiripiti, zvinokosha kuti tifungisise zvinyorwa uye fungiro yezvimwe zvikamu kubva mubhuku.

Vatsvakurudzi vazhinji vebasa reChechi yeChircraft vanoshanda mumhando yezvesayenzi fikasi uye inova Gothic. Vanosimbisa kuti maitiro emazuva ano haagoni kuvakirwa pane chakavanzika chekuponda, sezvo ichigere kusabata muverengi. Mukuda kugadzira vateereri, unofanira kufanidza mamiriro ezvinhu asingatongogumi. Howard Lovecraft akabudirira kurwisana neizvi, uye semunyori ane tarenda, asi kwete chinyorwa, anofanira kupiwa chikwereti.

Akare

Lovecraft ("Necronomicon") yakasika zvinhu zvose zvevanhu, asi akabhadhara zvakanyanya kune Akakwegura - zviremera zvine simba zvakararama kubvira pakutanga kwemazuva. Madhimasi erima anovaninipisa sevanamwari vavo. Vanorarama kune dzimwe maitiro epellar, asi vanogona kunge vari pasi pevhu kana mumvura yakadzika. Mune chimiro chevanhu, Ancients inosvika zvakakura kwazvo. Simba revanamwari vemafu rakavakirwa pamasimba ekutanga, izvo zvisingazikamwi kumunhu. Simba revanhu harisi zvisingagumi, asi rakakura zvakakwana. Inogona kuvhara nyika yose, asi avo chete vanozobatana navo vanogona kugamuchira rubatsiro kubva kuna vamwari vemazuva.

Mune mabasa eWorldcraft zvinonzi kuti munyika yezuva ranhasi, Zviitiko zvekare hazvina kukwana muzviito zvavo, asi zvikonzero zvechiitiko chezvinhu hazvisi pachena. Vateveri nevatsigiri veHoward Lovecraft's work vanopa kurapa kwekushaya simba kwezvisikwa izvi.

Nhoroondo yebhuku racho

Lovecraft, uyo "Necronomicon" anozivikanwa kune vakawanda, haana kutsanangurira vaverengi vake kuti akawana sei pfungwa yekudana bhuku nenzira iyo. Zvichida zita racho rakakurudzirwa nebasa raEdgar Poe "Kuwa kweAsher's House" kana nhetembo isina kuvezwa yaMark Manilia "The Astronomicon". "Necronomicon" Lovecraft pakutanga aida kudana "Al-Azif". MuchiArabic, mutsara uyu unoreva mazwi anokonzerwa neCicadas kana zvimwe zvipembenene zvemasikati, asi mumabhuku izvi zvinowanzoreva kutaura nemadhimoni. Gare gare, mune tsamba kune shamwari dzake, akanyora kuti zita rakasvika kwaari muchiroto.

Nzvimbo

"Necronomicon" Lovecraft yakagadzirwa mumakopi akawanda, ari muvanhu vakasiyana. Munyori anotaura kuti bhuku racho rinochengetwa muNational Library yeFrance, raibhurari yeHarvard University, British Museum, Yunivhesiti yeBuenos Aires uye raibhurari yeasipo Miscatorik Yunivhesiti munharaunda inofanirwa yeAlhamham.

Title

"Necronomicon" Lovecraft inodanwa maererano nemazwi matatu echiGiriki, izvo zvinoreva "mutemo", "akafa" uye "kuumbwa". Icho chinotarisa kuti bhuku iri "Kuwedzera kwemurairo wevakafa." Zvichipa humwe hutsika hwemutauro, zita rinogona kushandurwa se "Knowledge of the Dead" kana "Pamusoro pevakafa." Izwi rechiGiriki rekushandura rinopa zvinopfuura mazita gumi nemaviri.

Link to history

Howard Phillips Lovecraft ("Necronomicon") aifarira chaizvo kugadzira zvinyorwa zvekare, mabhuku ake akazara nawo. Dzimwe nguva munyori akataura kuti Tibetan Bardo Tokol uye yekare yeEgypti Book of the Dead ndeyechokwadi "Necronomicon". Zvisinei, pfungwa idzi hadzifaniri kuvhiringidzika. Bhuku rokutanga rinoshanda sechiedza chekutungamirira kune vakafa, uye wechipiri anoudza kuti ungadana sei mweya iwe pachako.

Bhuku rechipiri rezvemabhuku, iro rinogona kuva nheyo yeNecronomicon, is Picatrix naMaslam ibn Ahm al-Majriti. Iri ibhuku pamashiripiti, rakanyorwa muchiArabic makore 1000 akapfuura. Muna 1256 bhuku rakashandurirwa muchiLatin kune Mambo weCastile Alfonso weWise. Mune bhuku mune zvitsauko zvina, izvo zvakatsaurirwa kumashiripiti nemashiripiti e astral. Pano iwe unogona kuwana tsanangudzo yeguta rekare reAdocentin, rakavakwa muEgypt. MuMiddle Ages, Picatrix yaikoshesa zvikuru, asi yaifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo bhuku remashiripiti. French King Henry III, achibvumira vagari vemo kuti vazive zviri mukati mebhuku racho, vakatora mhiko mhiko kuti varege kuita makopi.

Pakutanga ataurwa Colin Wilson anotaura kuti mufananidzo weNecronomicon unogona kuva Voynich Manuscript. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti, kunze kwekushaikwa kwekudzidzira kwakazara kwe mabhuku uye maitiro avo emashiripiti, hapasisinazve nharaunda.

Ichokwadi cheNecronomicon

G. Lovecraft "Necronomicon" inonzi fungidzira yakachena mushure mokunge yawira pamusoro pake makuhwa uye makuhwa. Kunyangwe munguva yehupenyu hwake, akazara nemafuta kubva kuvanhu vaida kuziva chokwadi. Kunyangwe ruzha rukazununguka mushure mekunge bhuku racho rabudiswa, iro rinonzi raive shanduro yeNecronomicon. Yakanzi Grimoirium Imperium. Uyewo, imwe "Necronomicon" yakabudiswa nemunyori pasi pemusana weSimone. Akange akaita sei? "Simon's Necronomicon" (Howard Phillips Lovecraft) yakanga isingabatanidzi nenyika yeWorldcraft uye yakafanana nedzidziso dzevaSumerians. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzebhuku kubva kuna John Dee - musayendisiti wezana remakore rechi16 uyo akatoshandura shanduro yacho kubva kuArabic, uye kubva kuna Aleister Crowley, uyo bhuku rakapiwa naSonia Green - mudzimai weWorldcraft. Zvinotendwa kuti angave ave maikadzi weAustrist magician Aleister Crowley.

Rimwe shanduro yemazuva ano yakasunungurwa naColin Wilson, musayendisiti uye muongorori wezvakaitika zvepanormal. Akataura kuti akaita kombiyuta yekubviswa kwemashoko ekare akawanikwa. Iri basa rine mamwe mashoko kubva kuWorldcraft mabhuku. Iyo inotevera, pedyo ne "Necronomicon" zvinyorwa zvinonzi "Zvinyorwa zvehonye." Yokutanga inonzi inonzi Roman legionnaire Tercia Siveli, uyo akare kare akaonana naAxumite magician Talim. Iko mafungiro ake ayo anonzi ndiyo nheyo yezvinyorwa zvakavanzika. Uyezve, iyo nhoroondo inotaura kuti zvinyorwa zvemashiripiti zvakatakurwa kubva kuRoma kusvika kuBritain, asi zvakarashika muraibhurari yekare yeimba.

Uyewo pane imwe shanduro yeNecronomicon Gigera - mutsara wemifananidzo yakaitwa naSwitzerland mufananidzo Hans Giger. Pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zve "Necronomicon" kubva kuvanyori vakasiyana. Vose vavo vakaumba hwaro hwebhuku, rakabudiswa muna 2009 naAnna Nancy Owen (pseudonym).

Vaverengi 'Maonero

Howard Lovecraft, uyo "Necronomicon" yakave yakakurumbira, yakagadzira aura yezvakavanzika zvakakomberedza iye, izvo zvinosvika zita rake nhasi. Vakawanda vanoyemura basa rake vanoda kuziva pamusoro pezvokwadi ye "Necronomicon" pamwe nekugona kwekuverenga kwayo. Zvinonakidza kuti Lovecraft akatanga kuramba chokwadi chebhuku chete mushure mokunge makuhwa eve makuhwa uye zvakanyanya kufungirwa zvichitsvaira pamusoro pake. Kusvikira panguva iyo, akange achisimba nesimba kuti bhuku uye zviri mukati maro zvaiva zvechokwadi. Mushure mekunyadziswa kwevanhu vose, Lovecraft kusvikira kuguma kwemazuva ake vakaramba chokwadi chebhuku racho, vachichitumidza kuti "mhemberero yemabasa avo."

Chero chii chaive, Howard Lovecraft aida uye akaverenga pasi rose. Ndiye mambo chaiye anotyisa, uyo akakunda nyika yose. Kubhururuka kwefungiro, kufunga kwakajeka uye tarenda yemunyori zvakamubvumira kuita zvisikwa zvisingaverengeki zvinoramba zvichiita simba guru kuvadzidzi vemazuva ano. Nhasi, pakukumbira "Lavracraft Necronomicon fb2" unogona kutora mavara akawanda ezvinyorwa zvebhuku rino.

Kururamisa

"Necronomicon" - Bhuku raWorldcraft, iro rinowanzova nharo dzepikisano dzakatsamwa. Vatsoropodzi vanosimbisa chokwadi chokuti munyori anotsanangura bhuku racho munenge nenyaya dzose uye anotaura pamusoro pazvo pavanongotaura chete nezvemashiripiti. Mukuwedzera, mavhesi ose emabhuku eunyori, avo vakaverenga Necronomicon, vakaguma zvakashata. Kunewo tsika yevaya vanoverenga bhuku kuti nguva dzose vasvike pakuguma kunosuruvarisa kune avo vakaverenga vakapararira. Mimwe mubvunzo inomuka: ndeipi vanhu vose vakada kuverenga bhuku rino?

"The Necronomicon. Nyika dzeHoward Lovecraft "- iyi ibasa rakasiyana nedzimwe mabhuku, rinofanirwa kunyatsotariswa nevatsoropodzi nevadzidzi. Kuwana mhinduro yekupedzisira uye yechokwadi kumubvunzo pamusoro pechokwadi chebhuku hazvibviri. Muganhu nemapuranga imwe neimwe inozviisa pachena. Zvakanaka apo mafungiro akaitwa, asi haugoni kumupa simba rakawanda.