Intestinal villi: mamiriro, basa, ropa zvitengeswa uye zvinhu

Nokuti zvinoitika kushanda kunoita muviri vanofanira kudya zvokudya. Absorção de Água kuti zvinokosha muupenyu zvinhu uye hwavo kudzikisirana zvigadzirwa rinoitwa ari ura duku. Akaisa mukati maro intestinal villi uye kuita basa iri. anatomi dzavo, nzvimbo, cytology, uye huchakurukurwa.

The nemamiriro ura duku uye ayo mabasa

In kwevanhu anatomi dhipatimendi govera 3 - the duodenum, jejunum uye ileum. First masendimita anenge 30 refu. Kouya chaiwo ari intestinal epithelium makemikari, bile uye pancreatic makemikari. Saizvozvowo dhipatimendi kubvisa kwacho kunotanga. Water uye munyu, amino acids uye mavhitamini, mafuta acids achishingaira vakanwa kubva uchibatsirwa yacho villi.

Pakati jejunum uye ileum hapana pachena zvokunze miganhu, uye yose kureba 4.5-5.5 m. Asi nechomukati kusiyana Chokwadi, dziripo. Jejunum :

• It ane mukuru rusvingo ukobvu;
• Intestinal villi naye kwenguva refu uye dhayamita maduku, uye nhamba yavo zvikuru;
• zviri akapa nani neropa.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mukuru kushanda duodenum - kugayiwa kwezvokudya. Kwete intestinal lumen, izvi zviri kuitwa, asi pedyo parusvingo (parietal kugaya) uyewo mukati masero (intracellular).

Kuti pave yokupedzisira ari mucosa pane chinokosha chokufambisa hurongwa akasiyana rimwe chirungiso. Rimwezve chepfungwa ura duku wefodya. Mune mamwe - ichi ndicho chikuru chinhu.

Achiisa villi vavo anatomi

Intestinal villi ari dumbu dziri mune zvose zvitatu zvikamu ura duku uye kuvapa velvety chitarisiko. Kureba nechimwe villi vangasvika 1 neMM, akaisa batana chaizvo. Vari aumba kubva mucous Kamudzira miganhu. Per mativi millimeter pamusoro pemvura ura duku rokutanga uye rechipiri zvikamu zvinogona kubva 22 kusvika 40 zvidimbu, vari iliac - 30.

Kunze vose intestinal villi akafukidzwa epithelium. Sero rimwe nerimwe rine muzvizhinji kuti miganhu anonzi microvilli. uwandu hwavo vanogona kunge yakawanda 4 th. Per epithelial sero, izvo chaizvo inowedzera pamusoro epithelium, uye somugumisiro, ari kubvisa pechiso ura.

All intestinal villi vari dumbu omunhu axially nhengo dzinobudisa capillaries anobva pa muromo villi uye muzvizhinji pakati capillaries dzinongoda ari stroma.

Cellular Kuronga villi

Ndicho kuvapo imwe mhando masero anokonzera sei intestinal villi. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga:

Mumwe villus pasinei nzvimbo, ari mudungwe pamwe epithelial rukoko zvinosanganisira nezvezvikwata zvitatu muchitokisi; asi columnar masero epithelial, wakanwa exocrine uye kwemakemikari anobudiswa masero.

enterocytes

Zvinonzi inonyanyoshandiswa nawo epithelium pamusoro villi sero mhando. Ake rokuremekedza rechipiri columnar epithelial muchitokisi mhando. Masero prismatic chimiro. A chikuru kushanda intestinal villi rinoitwa navo. Enterocytes zvinopa uchifamba kubva nemudumbu kupinda ropa uye node nehurongwa zvinodiwa nedare zvinhu kuti vaite panguva kudya.

In epithelial masero panyika pane nomukombero chaiyo yakatangwa microvilli. microvilli izvi 1 micron ² neeSultan kubva 60 kusvika 90. Ivo kuwedzera kubvisa pose sero rimwe 30-40 nguva. Riri pamusoro microvilli glycocalyx zvinowanisa muchinamatira makemikari.

Humwe howa masero epithelial muri masero vane microfold kana inonzi M-masero. Dzavo nzvimbo - chiso node follicles uye munhu vaviri boka. Vari kuzivikanwa kupfuura flattened chimiro uye vashoma microvilli. Asi pamusoro ichi chakafukidzwa microfolds izvo sero anokwanisa rokutora macromolecule uye intestinal lumen.

Wakanwa exocrine uye endocrinocytes

masero Single, uwandu iyo anowedzera kubva duodenum kusvika ileum. Ava masero zvinowanzoitika mucous kuunganidza uye ipapo kwokusunungura wake pachivande kune mucosal pemvura. Kuti nebhitumini kunoita zvokudya achitevedza dumbu panguva imwe munyaya nedanho Kamudzira kugaya.

Chitarisiko masero kunoenderana ukuru kuunganidza secretions imomo, uye madzihwa inotungamirwa pacharo rikaitika placement pamusoro Golgi midziyo. Empty keji, zvakazara kutaura chakavanzika wako uye yakatetepa ane kuderedzwa core.

It endocrinocytes synthesize uye secrete pakugadzira basa zvinhu kuti kutamba kwete chete zvomudumbu basa, asiwo basa rinokosha vakawanda muviri. Primary placement masero aya - ari duodenum.

mabasa

Kubva mamiriro anova pakarepo pachena izvo basa rinoitwa nomudzimu intestinal villi iri zvomudumbu muitiro, saka zvishomanana chete yokuverenga kwavari:

1. The Absorção de Água pamusoro makabhohaidhiretsi, mapuroteni, amino acids, uyewo avo kudzikisirana zvigadzirwa. Vari vakayambuka capillaries ari villi, uye panguva ropa vakatakura iri portal ezvinhu chiropa.
2. Lipid Absorção de Água, asi, chylomicron nezvimedu zvinobva lipids. Apfuura kupinda nhengo dzinobudisa fibers uye kupinda muropa, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda chiropa.
3. Chimwe kushanda intestinal villi - secretory, secrete madzihwa nokuda nyore kusimudzira zvokudya kuburikidza muura.
4. Kwemakemikari anobudiswa, nekuti mamwe villi masero kubereka histamine uye kweserotonin, secretin nezvimwe hormone zhinji uye Bava.

Bookmark embryo uye patsva pashure zvinokuvadza

Kubva iyo Sero uye kuti intestinal villi, tinonzwisisa, asi kana ari kuiswa muviri womunhu uye masero chii? Ngationgororei mubvunzo uyu.

Panoperera mwedzi wechipiri kana pakutanga wechitatu intrauterine kukura dzevanhu dziri kutanga kubuda kubva dumbu endoderm pamusoro ura duku uye ayo dzichipfekeka zvinoriumba - pazvirugu, villi, crypts.

Pakutanga, masero epithelial handina kunyatsoteerera Kusiyanisa, kusvikira pakuguma mwedzi wechitatu zvakaparadzana. Glycocalyx pamusoro microvilli, izvo akafukidzwa masero epithelial, ari pamusoro nomwedzi wechina mwana.

In rechishanu vhiki, kana zvakanaka panguva yavanenge vakazvitakura, pane serous Tab pamusoro ura, uye wechisere - tsandanyama uye connective zvinyama zviri ura. anoshongwa vose vakaisa kubva mesoderm (visceral mashizha) uye connective tishu mesenchyme.

Nepo vose zvomudumbu maitiro masero uye nyama akaisa panguva fetus, asi nenguva kuita mabasa avo, intestinal villi wakaremara. Sei kuzoita ari munzvimbo masero vakafa? By mitotic weboka masero utano iri pedyo. Vanongoita nzvimbo akafa nevamwe uye kutanga kuita ayo ushande.