Kana mammoths vakava yakatotsakatika? History of the world

Mammoths - zvinoshamisa mhuka kuti vava yakatotsakatika kubva kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Ndivo hama yokure nzou ano.

Kana mammoths vakava yakatotsakatika?

View nemapoka ndeimwe yenzvimbo zvakanaka akadzidza mu paleontology ano. Zvikurukuru, izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa yokuti vaigara paNyika tichishandisa ichangopfuura, uye kunyange venguva vaiva munhu. Kusvikira ikozvino, vatsvakurudzi kuwana zvasara mhuka idzi.

Saka kana yakatotsakatika mammoths? It yakaitika anenge 10 zviuru apfuura, apo paiva ichangobva kutonhora pose kwazara. Nokuda Miti iri rakatanga anotyisa rinondinetsa tipone. Vanhu avo panguva ino nyanzvi siyana kunovhima zvokushandisa zvazova kutyisidzira kuti nemapoka ose. Imwe chitunha chemhuka akadaro aigona kwenguva refu zvokudya rudzi. Nokuda kwaasingasvikiri iyi Proboscidea zvakawanda shoma.

Kurwisa murume

Paleontologists kazhinji kuwana zvisaririra zvemhuka guru riri nzvimbo vekare. Mapfupa nokungwarira kupatsanurwa kushandisa ibwe maturusi, zvekuti vakange ipapo kushandiswa sechinhu muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Vavhimi vaifanira kugadzira yakawanda mazano kuti abate munhu whopper sezvinoita nemapoka. mhuka yakatotsakatika aiva mhiri kuvhunduka chinyakare mapfumo. Chokwadi, murume ndiye chisikwa zvisingaiti kukurira oga. Naizvozvo kuvhima mapoka. On dzakarasika, uko mammoths Vaidzungaira kubva tsika, twakacherwa camouflaged gomba, apo mhuka akawira uye vakava yemagora. Kazhinji, pfumo kana museve aiming panguva groin - rimwe shoma simba pfungwa. nzira dzakadaro XIX remakore venyika yose Africa akashandisa apo kuvhima ipapo nzou.

Impact kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze

Uyezve, paiva nechimwe chikonzero chinokosha nei mammoths vakava nokutsakatika. mhuka idzi havafaniri kudya zvakakwana. mhando dzakawanda pamusoro yavakanga zvokudya, vakafa nokuda kwechando Snap (chete nguva ino aenda 34 marudzi). Kushaya zvokudya uye yevanhu kutyisidzira kwakatungamirira kuti munyika hakuna nemapoka. Fani iyi vakawanda zvitsakatike nokuda kuchinja mararamiro nesayenzi yemazuva wakanzi Great Holocene kutsakatika.

Pane zvimwe zviratidzo tuzvikanganiso yokuvimbika kuna dzidziso kuti mamiriro ezvinhu akanga ari kukonzera kutsakatika mhuka idzi. Kana yakatotsakatika mammoths anyangarika navo kwete chete nedzimwe mhuka asiwo nomumwe vemunharaunda kwevanhu. Somuenzaniso, tsika yakadaro yakanga Clovis. It chakaita kuti vakaberekerwa of Stone Age, vaigara Central uye North America. Iyo coexistence pamusoro mammoths uye vanhu havana kukonzera kutsakatika Proboscidea.

mamiriro ekunze dzinosanganisira kwete chete unopinza chando Snap (rakachinja kudya), asi nokudziya anenge arohwa rwehofori izvi zvakananga. The shure echando uye taiga kuchamhembe akavamanikidza kuti tama mberi kupinda latitudes yokunyanyisa, apo ivo vakazofa panze uye.

The okupedzisira mammoths

Achangobuda Zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti kunyange pashure kunyangarika woolly nzou pamusoro kondinendi imwe yoga dzaitongwa dzaiwanika pamusoro yoga zvitsuwa. Somuenzaniso, musi Wrangel Island mapfupa akawanikwa, ane zera akanga 4 zviuru zvemakore. Sezvo masayendisiti dzakaratidza kuti kwadzo makwai achiri kwakaitika, apo muIjipiti yekare rave akavaka mapiramidhi, uye akaonekwa Mycenaean ibudirire kuGreece. Chokwadi, panguva iyoyo vagere Mediterranean havana kuziva kana mammoths vakava nokutsakatika.

Wrangel Island mammoths nguva kwakatora ane zviuru zvemakore dzimwe. Zvisinei, mhuka idzi yakasiyana avo vakanga kare kupararira mhiri Eurasia. saizi wavo kashoma yakasvika 1.5 m. Rakanga chokuita chokwadi kuti zvakawanda zvachinja cheni zvokudya. Mammoths aifanira kuderedza migove, izvo zvakakanganisa kukura vanhu vaduku. Data izvi zvava kuzivikanwa, pashure pokunge akanganwirwa amutsvaka uye vakaongorora mazino kuwanikwa musi Wrangel chitsuwa paleontologists Russian muna 1993 gore. Last "pfupi" nharaunda isina kuzivikanwa zvikara, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kwavari. Saka, vakawanda vakaona zvisaririra anoenderana vanhu vakura.

Kana yakatotsakatika mammoths, vakatsiviwa imwe huru. On Wrangel chitsuwa yoga vomunharaunda akaramba huvepo uye kutanga murunyararo. Asi nei mammoths akava yakatotsakatika, uye iri chidimbu chiduku nyika? Zvichida pane pohozyaynichat vanhu. Kusiyana wambotaurwa yaitonga apo mammoths inogarwa nemamiriyoni mativi makiromita, kuurayiwa vashomanana pachitsuwa aigona kuvhiringa nengaidzo mukati vomunharaunda.

The Age nemapoka

Zvino, pazvakava pachena makore vangani akapfuura, mammoths vakava yakatotsakatika, unogona kutaura pamusoro nzvimbo yavakanga zvaisangana ichatonga zvine mbiri yavo. Nguva iyi yakaitika anenge 120,000 apfuura. Panguva iyi, mammoths vaigara kwete chete muSiberia ano, asiwo Europe, kusvikira kuSpain. In Asia ichi mashoko Muganhu asvika nemahombekombe kweGungwa reCaspian. Panowo, takawana mapfupa vasara pashure kana mammoths vakava nokutsakatika. Nguva predominance yavo dzakapoteredza fauna of kwakatora akawanda makumi ezviuru zvemakore.

Nemapoka kubatsira ekunze. Munguva Quaternary nguva, Eurasia akamborara matatu zvakakomba chando Snap, apo mazitombo echando akaonekwa ari kure kumaodzanyemba kweArctic Circle. Sharp Continental okunze kwakaderedza zvikuru nzvimbo masango kwegore risingapindiki. Asiwo, ivo steppes ose hukuru, akakodzera mammoths, kwakawedzera dzimwe nguva.

vavakidzani mammoths

Around Hofori izvi kwagara mupfumi fauna of yavanogara neimwe nzira navo. Ava ndivo vaiva poro, mvere rhinoceroses, musk nenzombe, namabhiza, yaks, bako nemapere uye saiga. Kubva mhuka duku zvinofanira kucherechedzwa lemmings, pasi squirrels, uye zvichingodaro. D. Results vanogona yokuverenga vanenge 80 mhando fauna of.

Kana nokuda zvishoma nezvishoma kwetembiricha kutsiva chizvarwa achinaya mvura akauya masango paukobvu, mammoths vakasiya nzvimbo idzi. Nekuti avo chikuva yakanga akaderedzwa, uye pakupedzisira vakanga anyangarika zvachose.

Mammoths mu ngano

Vanhu ari Far North , uye nhasi kuchengeta ngano zhinji pamusoro woolly Hofori vaimborarama munyika yavo. Siberia yaiva nzvimbo yaimbonzi makamutsiridzazve kuvhima kuti nemapoka. Komi, Khanty, Mansi nezvimwe zvizvarwa zvemo vagari vazhinji achinaya mvura akachengetedzwa ari ngano ngano pamusoro pavo. Uyezve, vanhu ava pamberi vokuEurope kakawanda kuwana kakasaririra mazino uye mafupa, izvo zvinoshandiswa pamba kana zvishongo sezvo zvinodhura.

Alaskan Eskimos wakavezwa nomufananidzo mhuka idzi maoko ake, akaita kuti mapfupa walrus. Lapps vaigara kuchamhembe dzekuma Scandinavia, tenda kuti mammoths - iri ane mvere varefu, vari kuvanda pasi pevhu. In chukchi, East Siberian mammoths akachengetedzwa ngano zvenhau sezvo ane mweya wakaipa.

Mhuka idzi vakabva Eurasia kuna America. Kunewo Legends pamusoro "bison huru" iri ngano yacho maIndia. munhu nemapoka kuvhima vakapararira sezvo rimwe uye pamusoro mumwe kondinendi. Nokuda yose kutonhora, pasi rose gungwa yomuropa kwangoderera, izvo akabvumira mhuka uye vanhu kufamba kubva chikamu imwe nyika kune imwe.