Domestic uye vatorwa negwaro Olega Veschego

Old Russian Hurumende - paucheche kuEurope tsika. Yakanga nekuvongwa iye kuti Eastern Slavs vava akakurumbira munyika yose uye akapinda mazita avo kwemazana emakore. mamiriro ichi rakavakwa vatama vachibva dzekuma Scandinavia. Vakauyisa kwokunge Ukrainians ano, kuchamhembe tsika, mitemo uye muenzaniso ezvinhu hurongwa. kuitwa kwakadaro hakusi pasina, pakupera IX uye pakutanga X remakore Old Russian wehurumende akanga anoenzanirana muzukuru mukuru hweRoma - Byzantium.

Old Russian mamiriro uye vatongi vayo

Process kusingaenzaniswi avo nguva shanduka kwakakonzerwa basa machinda yekare Russian uyo nepavaigona napo kusimudza nyika yavo itsva pamwero. Chinhu zvaibvira kuti vamwe vasingadaro. Nhasi tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti, kuburikidza mabasa dzokutanga machinda worudzii Rurik, nheyo wakaradzikwa mamwe "kukunda" nzvimbo zuva. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nechinzwano kwokunze mutemo mukuru machinda kuitwa pave kugara feuds nemamwe madzinza necheSalvic uye vachirwisa vemadzinza anongofamba. About Machinda mabasa anogona kuva refu chaizvo nguva kutaura, asi mumwe wavo chinofanira kuziva zvikuru akachenjera uye akabudirira mune ouzivi enyika kukakavadzana.

Ndiani Prince Oleg?

Kupfuura dzinonakidza uye hapana zvishoma asinganzwisisiki munhu munhau yose ndiye wokutanga mukuru Prince Oleg. Yakavimbika mashoko nezvazvo akapotsa haana kurarama. Historic mufananidzo yomuchinda inobva "zvakaedza zvekare Years" uye "Novgorod Chronicle", uyewo nyaya kunozivikanwa mabasa ake nayo kuitisa zvemukati uye dzimwe negwaro. Oleg anogona kuenzaniswa mutungamiriri mukuru Attila ari Hun, kubvira hwose upenyu rainge yakafukidzwa chakavanzika.

Oleg Origin

To musi, pane chikuru maviri dzidziso kwakabva Oleg. Mumwe nomumwe wavo akapa mbiri yaMakoronike akakurumbira: "Novgorod" uye "The zvakaedza yakapfuura Years". Zvisinei, nokuti yose siyana mashoko anopiwa mu izvi zvakanyorwa kare, zvinokwanisika kusarudza kupfuura pfungwa tsanga, ndiro basa kanenge zvishoma kwatiri pamusoro nechitarisiko pachikuva Oleg nhoroondo yemitambo yacho Old Russian mamiriro.

Domestic uye vatorwa Politika Olega akanga kukonzerwa vake vanonzi mavambo. Maererano yaMakoronike, ngano, Oleg akasvika yekare nyika Russian pamwe Rurik. Pashure porufu rwake, Oleg akatanga kutonga sezvo Rurik regent kuduku mwanakomana. Masayendisiti Modern haana kuziva nei munhu asingazivikanwe ramangwana Prince aiva yepamusoro yakadaro. Pano pane ngano maviri. Wokutanga anoti Oleg aiva hama Rurik, uye yechipiri inotaura yakakwirira nzvimbo yake parutivi Air mutungamiriri sezvo mukuru. Zvisinei, dare iri Grand Duke inotanga muna 882.

Domestic uye vatorwa Politika Olega

Kamwe nesimba, muchinda anotanga kukunda ose nemadzinza avo dzivisa kana kusateerera. Nepo Oleg aiva muchinda Novgorod uye Kiev haachipo, semvura yokuteverera akagara Askold uye DIR. Mukati muchinda akakwanisa kukunda vazhinji necheSalvic madzinza, dzinova chichiitwa hondo kwemakore muSlovenia, dzinobhururuka, Chud, Meyrueis uye Krivichy. Pamwe varwi vakakunda madzinza VaViking Grand Duke Oleg akatanga kufamba pasi Dnieper. Mushandirapamwe uyu, akakwanisa andobata maguta akaita Smolensk uye Ljubech.

Zvichitevera zviitiko izvi, hazvina kurwadza kuenda Kiev. Asi muchinda haana kutora guta nokuda kukomba uye muchiuto haana kushandisa dzimwe nzira. Oleg akashandisa zano. Akadana Askold uye DIR kunosangana kunze kwemasvingo guta. It akasuma mugari wenhaka wechokwadi, Prince Rurik - Igor, uye ipapo akauraya machinda Kievan. At ichi utongi hwavo muguta iri Dnieper akapera. Nei Muchinda Novgorod akaita izvozvo, hapana anoziva.

Kubvira nguva Oleg vakabatana kuNorthern uye Eastern Russia, ndinosika Old Russian mamiriro, Kievan Rus ', kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi. Domestic uye vatorwa wokuti Prince Oleg kwaibva kuwana kufadza zvakanaka mugumisiro nokuda Russia. Panguva iyoyowo akabva zvikuru "ushingiwo", kana ini angati saka, nhanho mumaonero nehurumende.

Byzantine mishandirapamwe

The chikuru mirayiridzo zvezvipfuwo uye vatorwa wokuti Prince Oleg aivawo nokuda pachake nezvavanofunga Prince, pamusoro mberi basa Kievan Rus. Kudeuka Mupiro kune womukati nomutemo rwakaitwa pakuguma IX remakore, apo Oleg pakati Novgorod uye Kiev zvabatanidzwa kuva kusaroora. Tevera Zviitiko zvinoratidza chinangwa Prince inofananidza kuti mberi inoti nguva.

Maritime muvakidzani Russia panguva iyoyo aiva akapfuma uye simba nyika Byzantium. Achiziva ngozi, uye panguva imwecheteyo, kuda nomuvengi akadaro, Oleg anosarudza kuenda hondo nyika iyi. First danidziro kwakaitika muna 907. Maererano nengano, aiva mumwe kupfuura makuru uye makuru. Zvino rakaparadzwa zvachose ngano invincibility uye omnipotence kuti Byzantium. Apo Grand Muchinda Novgorod uye Kiev vakaroverera nhoo yake pamasuwo Constantinople, izvozvo kwakava kutanga kwenguva itsva. Kana enyika, nokuti Kievan Rus 'akunde Byzantine Empire aiva budiriro chaiye. Maererano chibvumirano vakagumisa Oleg muna 907, mumwe mupfumi muvakidzani necheSalvic Hurumende aifanira kumubhadhara mutero. Uyezve, vakasununguka kutengeserana hwakagadzwa kuti mapato maviri. Sezvo Byzantium yaingogara kutya uye kuremekedza Kievan Rus.

Muna 911, muchinda anotumira hondo haachipo, uye ipapo kuwedzera runyararo uye kusaina chibvumirano chitsva. In yakanga kunyange zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanaka kuti vatengesi dzekare uye Russian hurumende yose.

Saka, takaona kuti zvipfuwo uye vatorwa wokuti Prince Oleg rakanyorwa munhoroondo nokubatsirwa kunozivikanwa mabasa. Grand Duke nheyo kwenguva itsva Nekubatanidza hondo uye zvematongerwo enyika. Zviri Vongai mubati Kiev rokutanga nheyo mamwe chiito machinda yekare. Saka, mudzimai uye vatorwa Politika Olega kwakamubatsira kuti kuchengeta zita rake, uyewo kuvaka guru uye rinobwinya mamiriro Kievan Rus.