Kusunungurwa kuUkraine kubva yechiFascist nechisimba (1943-1944 biennium)

The Great Patriotic War yakauraya mamiriyoni evanhu. Vanhu vakanga vamire nyika yavo uye wakarwira rusununguko zvizvarwa zvaizotevera. nyika imwe neimwe yaimbova Soviet Union anochengeta nhoroondo yaro uye pamusoro zvakakosha hondo zuva, apo vaNazi vakadzingwa nenyika yaro.

Nhasi, kusunungurwa kuUkraine kubva yechiFascist nechisimba rinopembererwa musi 28 October.

anorwara kutanga

Kusunungurwa Ukraine muna 1943-1944. Zvinoda heroism ichi, kuzvitsaurira uye uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika Varwi navanhu vose. Chokutanga, yeuka kuti zvose vakatanga, uye ipapo kudzokera kuhwina uye hondo yokupedzisira nokuda kwavo.

Muna 1940, Hitler akasaina chirongwa kurwisa USSR. Akanga guru zita "Barbarossa". VokuGermany kunge arohwa nhatu huru inokosha vanonangwa hwakasimba mubatanidzwa: Leningrad, Smolensk uye Ukraine. Pasi urongwa, mutungamiri hwechiFascist nechisimba, nharaunda Ukraine aizova munda yakakura kuti kurima. Zviri nyika idzi kuti zvokudya Reich.

Usiku, June 22, 1941 Ukrainian SSR akauya pasi bombardment mauto mhepo German. Sevastopol, Zhytomyr, Kyiv uye Ishimaeri akagamuchira zvibhakera yokutanga. Zvichiteverwa mhepo kurwiswa muguta akaputsa pasi mauto eGermany.

It vakatanga hondo ropa refu. Ukraine kuti kusunungurwa vaNazi zvichazoitika makore chete pashure matatu. Makore aya achapiwa anozivikanwa matambudziko, nenzara uye yakashambidzwa inovava misodzi vose Ukrainian vanhu.

kukunda rokutanga

Mberi Yechipiri World War. Kusunungurwa Ukraine akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kwete chete nokuda Soviet Army. Muna June 1942, yakatanga dzimbahwe Ukrainian partisan kufamba, izvo hwakonzera vakakurirwa muvengi. Vasanyanya njanji akaparadza matanda vakaperekedza zvisingakuvadzi siyana. Izvi zvaiva kuitika mauto kubatsira zvikuru.

Ukraine kuti kusunungurwa nechisimba eNazi chakaratidza mukukunda wechando 1942 rokutanga. Settlement muUkraine - mumusha Pivnevka Luhansk dunhu - vakasunungurwa kubva vokuGermany nemasoja Soviet, ari 12/18/1942

14.02.1943 makore vaNazi vakadzingwa Lugansk. Munguva oparesheni, richiuraya anopfuura 10,000 varwi Soviet.

The kuchinja hondo - Hondo Kursk

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hondo huru kuti kusunungurwa kuUkraine kubva German nechisimba yakatanga chakachinja panguva yakakurumbira Hondo Kursk, kubvira 05,07 pamusoro 23.08 1943 In scale, zvakanga chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha hondo Second World War. Hondo rwakatora mazuva 49 rinorema. Ndipo apo masoja edu akaremara zvikuru simba uye mweya masoja eGermany. NevaFascist kukurumidza fungazve ichifunga zvechiuto chiito.

Pashure hondo yaityisa kuti battalions muvengi yakatamira kuva yokuzvidzivirira yose Soviet-German mberi. Havana chete vaifanira kurasa masoja edu asiwo vaifanira kudzivirira zvose zvinokosha nzvimbo zvoupfumi kuti achangobva aizokundwa navo zvokushamisira.

Zvinorehwa Left Bank kuUkraine nevaNazi

Mumwe akadaro nzvimbo sokuronga kukosha rinotarisa kuruboshwe-kumahombekombe Ukraine. Zvikuru ukoshi vakanga vakatakura maindasitiri uye marasha nemakambani ari kucherechedza panyaya yakatsvuka zvinhu mujinga Donetsk bheseni. Varwi yedu aifanira kukurira mauto zvikuru romuvengi, umo nhamba 700 000 vanhu. At dzavo dziripo yaiva simba rechiuto midziyo iri uwandu 7.200 pfuti uye mumaturi, 900 warplanes 1,200 warrior stormtroopers. Pashure regrouping mauto eSoviet murayiro hurumende wakapiwa kusunungurwa kuUkraine ndima.

Kutanga kusunungurwa Left-Bank Ukraine

Command High ainyatsonzwisisa kuti nokuti Hitler haana kupa zvinokosha kwawakabva. Muvengi zvidzidzo zvinogona kupiwa nguva kuti ndipore zvakanga kukurumidza kutamira kumaodzanyemba, kusvikira vaNazi havana vapengenuke uye regai kuuya nesimba rakawedzerwa pashure pokuparadzwa panguva kurwa panguva yacho Kursk kuzvimba. Munhu wose aiziva kuti kusunungurwa mundima USSR achapiwa kuramba tichishanda. Left-Bank Ukraine akarayirwa kusunungura hwakasimba munzvimbo: South-Western, inowanzorimwa, Central uye Voronezh. Basa zvaisanganisira kwete kusunungurwa, asi kuyambuka ari Dnieper mune dzakawanda mundima. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vaNazi makatsemura mauto ake uye kuwedzera pamusoro munzvimbo huru, saka kukunda muvengi achava nyore. fronts matatu aibatanidza vanhu mamiriyoni 1,5 vakanga wakaiswa kuti kuhwina. Mauto edu zvombo vaiva 30 000 vamapoka atirari, 1,700 ndege zvechiuto uye 1,180 matangi.

23.08.43 guta - mauto masoja edu akasunungura Kharkov.

08.30.43 gore - akasimuka rusununguko Taganrog.

Donbass rusununguko

Panguva tinosvika kuna Donbass mauto Russian raiva zviviri zvikuru fronts: South-West uye South. Paiva nevanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 1,1, 1,500 ndege, 1,500 dzehondo. Mapoka ose nemauto eSoviet akatendeukira kumavirazuva.

08.09.1943 gore - South-Western Front, yakanga ichitungamirirwa Malinowski, akasunungura Donetsk.

09.10.1943 gore - akasimuka rusununguko Mariupol. Kusunungurwa Ukraine muna 1943-1944. Maiva chipatapata.

22.09.43 guta - masoja edu vaNazi akakanda Dnieper pana Dnipropetrovsk-Zaporizhia. Musi uyu anonzi zuva kusunungurwa Donbass.

Panguva ropa kunotyisa hondo kunyanya akazvisiyanisa nezviito ake 34th Guards Division. Gumi navatanhatu varwi vayo paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union. Kusawirirana uye Gorlovskaya 126th Infantry Division - Heroes vacho namanomwe evadzimi ayo. Kunze kwavari musoro Heroes vakapiwa mimwe masoja ane 80 uye vatungamiri-siyana fronts kuti heroism panguva kusunungurwa Donbass. vatyairi db Glinka uye O Pokryshkin zvakare Hero of USSR, pamwe kuhondo nokuda Donbass akagamuchira honorary menduru chechipiri "Gold Star".

Kuenda, vokuGermany vakaparadza pasina tsitsi uye kuzvidemba zvose munzira kwayo, unopfuta dzimba uye zvinomera, Kusvibisa matsime emvura, akapedza kure vasungwa.

Battle of Dnieper. Chernihiv uye Poltava hondo

Battle of Dnieper - ukama akavhiyiwa panguva Second World War, musi pamahombekombe Dnieper. Movement akatanga mumatsutso 1943 uye yakatora 4 months refu.

Danho rokutanga - kurwa kuburikidza chernihiv, Poltava 26.08-30.09.1943 gore umo vaiitawo 2 Panzer Army, iyo Voronezh, Central uye inowanzorimwa Fronts.

27.08.43 guta - makatodzinga vaNazi kubva Sevsk.

09/03/1943 - kutora Konotop yokuchenesa Seim River kubva nevaNazi.

02.09.1943 - kusunungurwa Sumy.

04.09.1943 gore - kutora guta Merefa.

09.15.1943 - guta Nezhinskaya akasunungurwa.

09/16/1943 - veGermany akadzingwa Novgorod-Seversky.

09.21.1943 - masoja edu akaenda Chernigov.

09.23.1943 - pashure anobudirira storming wakatorwa Poltava.

Panguva yokutanga hondo iri Dnieper River, achiuraya masoja vanopfuura zviuru 100 Soviet, mazana akacherekedza Hero of Soviet Union ushingi uye kuzvitsaurira kwavo.

Nizhnedneprovsk oparesheni

Inotevera pavaipfuura hondo nokuda chikuru rwizi Ukraine - achirwira dzakaderera inosvika kubva 09.26.1943 kusvikira 20.12.1943 gore. Vakanga rinoitwa Southern, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye inowanzorimwa Fronts.

14.10.1943 - kusunungurwa Zaporozhye.

23/10/1943 - Successful hondo nokuda Melitopol.

25/10/1943 - Mauto Soviet akapinda muna Dnepropetrovsk uye Dneprodzerzhinsk.

30/10/1943 - akasunungura Genichesk.

In yose, panguva Nizhnedneprovsk oparesheni vakauraya vanopfuura zviuru 170 mauto eSoviet Army. Kubudirira muhondo nokuda Dnieper akasika zvinhu nokuda kusunungurwa Kiev.

Kyiv rusununguko

The Red Army akanga mberi nokukurumidza. 1st Ukrainian Front (kare anonzi Voroneshski) nezvezvandaifanira huru kuvhunduka mauto anosvika kuna Kiev. zvisiri nyore kuchenesa kubva neGermany guta kusvika gore pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917. Panguva iyoyo 1st Ukrainian Front akanga vanenge 665,000 masoja, kusvika 7000 pfuti uye mumaturi, 675 dzehondo uye pfuti mirwi yokurwa, 700 kurwisana ndege akanunurwa kuti mauto.

Nechinangwa achitsausa yomuvengi November 1st Red Army akatanga imwe inogumbura zvekunyepera Bukrin bridgehead. Pari kurwisa yakatanga musi 11/3/43 pamwe Lyutezhskogo springboard uye rwakatora mazuva 10. Pamwe nemasoja Soviet vakarwa masoja akashinga Czechoslovak. Ushingi uye heroism pakurwa nokuda Kiev kwete chete zviito nevarwi Red Army, asiwo dzemo pachivande uye partisans uyo akarwa ngozi njere akavhiyiwa uye kusvitsa hondo mashoko anokosha pamusoro nzvimbo revarwi muvengi. rutsigiro Most raiva vemo. Ivo vakabatsira varwi yedu ikavhunduka pasi Dnieper, vakataura workarounds.

11.06.43 gore Kiev yakatorwa. MuMoscow izvozvo rakarongwa mafayawekisi mukukudza kusunungurwa guta. Ushingi mazana Varwi vakanga paakavapa Medals uye mirairo.

07.11.1943 - vakabvumirwa Fastova.

11/13/43 - akasunungura Zhitomir.

The vakanga kwezvinoshandiswa zvikuru, kusvika chando, kugoverwa hwaipa yekudyidzana nokuda tatamuka nechemberi mutsetse munguva Kiev mashandiro ari Red Army mauto. Naizvozvo, panguva gadziridzo uye upgrading revarwi kuti 13.11 pamusoro 12/22/43 zvakanzi kunze anonzi Kiev kuzvidzivirira oparesheni. Its chikuru basa raiva kuchengeta nzvimbo muKiev. Zvinosuruvarisa pakawanda simba, kusanganisira Zhitomir, vakanga kuzodzosera akabatwa nevaNazi. Zvisinei, Kiev ave vakakwanisa kuchengeta.

How kuhwina Kodzero-Bank Ukraine

Kusunungurwa Right-Bank Ukraine yakaitwa kuti Dnieper-Carpathian akavhiyiwa 24/12/43 pa 17/04/44. I vakatakura nezvishoma. Danho rokutanga - Ndizvozvo Berdichevskaya-kushanda (24.12.43-14.01.44) uye kunogumbura Kirovohrad (05-16.01.1944) Mauto 1 uye 2 Ukrainian fronts. Vakasunungurwa panguva White Church, Berdichev, Novograd Volyn, Radomyshl.

31/12/1943 - yakatsikiswa Zhitomir. Musi uyu rashanduka chirangaridzo guta. Vachikudza kusunungurwa Zhitomir muMoscow sarupu pakati 224 pfuti.

01.08.1944 gore - musi kusunungurwa Kirovograd.

To 11.01.1944 aiva hondo yedu waenda pamberi mutsetse uye akaenda Vinnitsa, Zhmerinka, uye Zhashkiv Uman.

Kuputsa mauto vakarayirwa kumisa tsamwisa uye kuzvidzivirira zvinzvimbo kubatirira kusvikira 16 January.

Korsun- oparesheni Shevchenkivska

oparesheni ichi chaiva rakatevera pavaipfuura Dnieper-Carpathian Kurwisa. Iye akatakura pamwe 24,01 musi 17.02.1944 panguva Battle kupindira ehondo 1st uye 2nd fronts. Muronga kusunungurwa misha kubva nevaNazi:

26.01.1944 guta - Kapitonovka, Rossohovatna,

January 27 - Shpola, Water, Lipyanka, Mezhyhiria,

January 28 - Zvenyhorodka, madzinde,

January 30 - Kvitka,

February 6 - Olszak,

February 9 - Wevhu,

February 14 - Korsun-Dzhafarova.

Kurwa kwakanga kwazvo. VokuGermany vakanga dzinotyisa madzivisa, saka rombo rakanaka alternated vakakurirwa. Maererano bheji oparesheni kwave akasungirirwa, saka mukuru nevarwi 1st Front Vatutin akanga yakaturikwa, uye panzvimbo yake yakatarwa zvarayirwa General Konev.

Munguva Hondo varwi Korsun-Cherkassy Pocket 47,000 German takakombwa. February 17 muvengi akatanga kumedura kubva "muhari". Kunyange zvazvo chikamu chiduku vokuGermany achiri vakaputsa, huru mauto vakakundwa. In yose, panguva kuvhiyiwa uku akauraya varwi 80 zviuru Soviet. Nokuti anobudirira kuvakwa oparesheni Konev akanga paakavapa musoro Marshal of Soviet Union.

Tsamwisa of Red Army muna February-April 1944

Ukraine kuti kusunungurwa muNazi nechisimba mberi. Kubva February uye mid-April kusvika USSR mauto inoitwa akatevedzana vakabudirira kurwiswa, izvo zvakazoita anenge zvose Kodzero-Bank Ukraine yave rinocheneswa zvisingaiti German.

Rovno-Lutsk oparesheni akanga rinoitwa 1st Front pamwe 27.01 pamusoro 02/11/44 Vachitevera migumisiro hondo mirefu February 2 kunge rinocheneswa vokuGermany Lutsk uye Rivne, uye 11.02 uye chinokosha inokosha pfungwa Shepetivka.

30.01-29.02.44 - Nikopol-Krivoy Rog tsamwisa, vakapinda 3rd uye 4th Ukrainian fronts. We wakarwira Krivoy Rog uye Nikopol bridgehead. nzvimbo idzi zvaikosha chaizvo kuti Nazi Germany, nekuti pano akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kuchera zvesimbi uye manganese mhangura. Nikopol akasunungurwa musi February 8, uye Krivoy Rog - 22 nhamba.

04.03-17.04 05.03-17.04.44 gore uye 2 rwaiitwa inofambirana akavhiyiwa: Proskurov-Chernivci uye Uman-Botoshanskaya. Vakanga raisanganisira nevarwi 1st uye 2nd Ukrainian Fronts. Vakasunungurwa: 10,03 - Uman, 15,03 - Dubno 18,03 - Zhmerynka, 19,03 - Mogilev-Podolsky, 20,03 - Vinnitsa, 21,03 - Chmielnik, 23,03 - Chortkiv, 26,03 - Balti, 29.03 - Chernivtsi. varwi dzedu nokukurumidza akatora rwizi Prut uye akayambuka muganhu yeRomania. Kodzero parutivi 2 Ukrainian mberi yaswedera mujinga mezvikomo Carpathians.

Panguva imwe chete Hondo ichiitwa nenzira southerly negwara. Kubva 06 kusvika 18 March 3 Ukrainian Front mauto vakatakura Bereznegovatoe Snigirevskaya-oparesheni, somugumisiro iyo muvengi vakakundwa munzvimbo pakati Southern Bug uye Ingulets, vasunungurwa vaNazi wandei yawo. 18/03/44 varwi yedu vakaenda Nikolaev, uyo akasunungurwa musi March 28th. Odessa - 10/04/44, somugumisiro wacho Odessa Sea Black chengarava kuvhiyiwa akasunungurwa. Liberation Day kusvika Ukraine.

Kumadokero mirayiridzo

Kubva 13,07 pamusoro 08/29/44, vari Hottest hondo yaiitwa pamwe kutora chikamu varwi 1st uye 4th Ukrainian Fronts nokuda Liberation kuWestern Ukraine. City Galich akasunungurwa July 24. Achitsigirwa vokuPoland partisans, mauto eSoviet rwaigara July 27 Stanislav, Lviv uye Przemysl. Danho rokutanga inogumbura.

Chechipiri danho rakatanga usiku musi 28 Chikunguru, pamwe tsamwisa kufamba nemasoja muSoviet rwizi Vistula. Kurwa yakanga yakandiomera nokuti ose guta uye musha varwi vairwa chaizvo, Bet zvinobatanidzwa mukushanda ose chengetedza mauto. Somugumisiro, zvakawanda Sandomierz bridgehead kwakatangwa 29 August. Masikati nousiku, mauto edu vakarwa kuti chengetedzo pamiganhu uye mberi pakuwedzera bridgehead.

The mukunopera mu kusunungurwa muUkraine

4th Ukrainian Front yakanga yatsidzira kusunungura Carpathians uye dzokuTranscarpathia Ukraine. Pamwe chete vamapoka wa1 Ukrainian Front, akaenda ari kurwisa iri Carpathian negwara. Kufambira mberi yekudyidzana hwakaipa vakasindimara kurwisa hondo Hungarian. Munguva kunotyisa hondo gore akasunungura 05/08/44 guta Stryi, Aug. 06 - Drohobych.

In yemakomo uye miti munzvimbo yakashata pamusoro Carpathians kwakanga kwakaoma kurwa, masoja mauto dzikaziya, asina zvombo zvakakwana. In ezvinhu aya, mwero akarayira kubva August 15, mauto 4th Ukrainian pamberi pamusoro achizvidzivirira. Zvichakadaro akatanga mutsindo tsamwisa muna General Staff.

Munguva Battle of Dukla Pass kusvika 08,09 pamusoro 28/10/44, akanga rinocheneswa occupiers zvose Western Ukraine. Zvino yose Ukrainian SSR akanga akasununguka. mauto eSoviet akarasika ichishanda iri vanenge zviuru 300. Masoja, zvidimbu vanenge mamiriyoni 2, matangi 1000 uye vanenge 300 ndege.

28.10.1944 gore - musi Ukraine kuti kusunungurwa nevaNazi.

Kamwe zvakare nyika

Gumiguru 28, kusunungurwa kweUkraine muna 1944 kwakapedzwa. Vanhu vakafara kusangana nevasununguri. Nyika dzeUukraine dzakaparadzwa ne2/3, mishonga uye zvekurima zvaifanira kukwidziridzwa zvese kubva muzinga re zero. Kudzokororazve kwakanonoka, hurumende muKremlin yakanga isingadi kudzoka kumashandiro emabhizimisi akange akaiswa zvakanaka kumabvazuva kweU.SR. Donbass chete akagamuchira imwe nheyo yemari yekuvakwa kwemafekitari ayo. Hondo yakanga ichiri kuenderera mberi, saka simbi nemarasha zvaive zvakakosha zvidzidzo zvepamberi. Ruzhinji rwevarume vakashanda vaiva muhondo, saka, kunyanya vakadzi nevechiri kuyaruka vakashanda. Masimba avo pakutanga, uye gare gare achibatsirwa nemauto achidzoka kubva muhondo, Ukraine yakanyatsobuda kubva mumadota.

Muna 2014, gore rechi70 remakore ekusunungurwa kweUkraine kubva kuvarwi veGermany rakapemberera. Veterans vairemekedzwa, maruva akaiswa pasi pezvivako zvemufi, miniti yekunyarara yairemekedzwa nevaya vaitambudzwa mumisasa yevasungwa. Kusunungurwa kweUkraine kubva kuvashamisi veNazi kwakanga kusiri nyore. Muhondo mazana ezviuru zvevarwi akaurawa, sezvo vakawanda vekuAmerica vane rugare vakaurayiwa neGermany vanoranga. Basa ravo, ushingi, rudo rusina udyire rweBabaland uye zuva rinofadza rekusunungurwa kweUkraine harifaniri kukanganwika.