Chii rokufananidzira interactionism?

In panguva Sociological sainzi, pane dzimwe nyaya chaizvo zvikuru kuti anogona Achanzi paradigmatic. Kwokufananidzira Interactionism - mumwe dzidziso idzi, iyo inobva pakuti mukukurukurirana (mukukurukurirana) vanhu munharaunda kuitika kuburikidza pakukurukurirana, iyo inobva kugadzirwa uye kuzivikanwa vamwe vatambi. Man anopindura kuti vakurukurirane nechitarisiko zvakasikwa uye munzanga nyika isina, anodudzira chokwadi kuburikidza nemifananidzo, zviratidzo, nemifananidzo, uye anotaura sezviratidzo idzi nedanho interpersonal yokukurukurirana. Yokufananidzira interactionism, vakakurumbira vamiririri zvakanga masayendisiti American evanhu John. G. Mead (1863-1931) uye G. Bloomer (1900-1986), inoongorora magariro aiita yavo yokufananidzira kugutsikana. The chikuru Pfungwa dzidziso iyi - kubata (kudyidzana) ndiro kupanana vatambi.

J. kwokufananidzira interactionism. Mead inobva pakuti kumiririrwa huchokwadi nomumwe kunoyerwa ake nazvo nevamwe vanhu, uye kunyanya maonero enyika, pachako nevamwe vanhu, saka kuti akanga akakodzera chiratidzo uye zvokufananidzira tsika evanhu chokwadi nevamwe. Maererano naJohani. Meade vanhu uye munzanga munhu (zvamagariro "I") aizoumba ari akaita dzinotsanagura interindividual mukukurukurirana. Kwokufananidzira interactionism inoti kuti chiratidzo kungareva chinhu, chiitiko kana Fani, uye kunobatanidza zvimwe zvingaitwa nevanhu kwachiri, izvo zvinogona kuitwa zvimwe nevamwe zvakakodzera kuti mutambi. Mukuwedzera, chiratidzo - ndiyo nzira iyo vanhu vanogona kutaura uye kushamwaridzana nevamwe. taridza interactionism mu evanhu inobva dudziro maitiro evanhu, umo zviratidzo "anooneka" kuti takura rinogutsa ruzivo kune vanhu.

Chikuru chakanakira John. Mead ndiye akava basa-kuridza unhu dzidziso, maererano izvo munhu, ayo mavambo uye yakananga zvinhu takatsunga kuburikidza executable wake magariro mabasa uye mabasa munhu hazvisi mubatanidzwa vake evanhu mabasa, akabatwa nomutauro mamiriro zviratidzo uye nezvimwe zvokufananidzira hurongwa. Kuburikidza nedanho kuitwa evanhu soMupi wacho hwapedyo kuzviremekedza kwake - munhu anogona kupa pachake sezvo chinangwa mafungiro ake.

selfhood dzevanhu wayo kukura ane muzvikamu zviviri:

1) The pavaipfuura mutambo, kana mwana anotanga kukonzera kuti haisi yake (mudzidzisi, chiremba, mutyairi wendege);

2) makwikwi pachikuva, kana kutora chikamu mune makwikwi, mwana anoona pachake kubva pameso nevamwe vana.

Chero munzanga boka . Ndezvipi anopa munhu pfungwa sangano, J. Mead anodana ichi: "generalized vamwe." Mumwe nomumwe anoona pachake maererano "generalized vamwe."

A muteveri uye mudzidzi waJohani. Mead musayendisiti American Herbert Blumer akakurukura dzinokosha postulates pakati dzidziso. By G. Bloomer wokufananidzira interactionism pazvikanganiso zvinokosha zvitatu:

1) Pasina Man kuita maererano netsika, zvaakanga anopa zvinhu, zviitiko uye mananara, pane kungoti sei zvokunze dzinongoitika nemagariro incentives;

2) Yokufananidzira tsika kwete wakaiswa, dzose, pre-akagadzira, sei zvinosikwa, ichishanduka uye shanduko mukukurukurirana;

3) Yokufananidzira tsika ndiwo mugumisiro kurapwa kuitwa kudyidzana pamaziviro (kudyidzana).

Mabasa ake G. Bloomer funga muudzame seboka maitiro evanhu, iyo yakavakirwa tsika dzakafanana, zviratidzo, usatarisira kuzowanikwawo pasocial boka. Izvi zvinonyanya kazhinji vanoziva maitiro vanhu vari chikwata, asi dzimwe nguva vaingoerekana boka maitiro akadai etc. Zvakaitwa kwechaunga, kutya, maitiro Izvi zvinogona kuitika mune ezvinhu kutyorwa vakagamuchira tsika, zvatinosiita siyana kuvapo. G. Bloomer, pamwe kwatangwa mapoka akadzidzawo akatsiga siyana evanhu maitiro - evanhu kufamba, uye kufamba uye nationalist rumutsiriro, pamwe yakajeka sangano marongerwo uye kuumbwa maererano tsika dzakafanana.