Socialization - a ...

Maererano kwakajairika tsanangudzo zvose, socialization - inofanira familiarizing wacho kuti nzanga iyo iripo, ayo kubvuma dzemunharaunda uye maitiro evanhu vacho. Pfungwa socialization Zvisinei, hunoonekwa dzakawanda zivo, anoranga siyana vari kudzidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana izvi. Vanachiremba anofarira zvigadziriswe kuti kubatsira munhu kuchinja kuti vanhu, kureva, nezvairehwa mitemo yayo. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu kudzidza sei uye chii basa wacho anodzidza uye nzira unhu hwake achiumbwa panguva imwe munharaunda. Zvichienderana zviri kudzidzwa, uye anogona kubereka zvakawanda rakamanikana shoko rokuti "socialization". chechikadzi ichi, zvematongerwo enyika, zvechitendero uye zvimwe socialization.

periodization

Achitaura socialization, chinowanzoonekwa rakakamurwa nesekondari. Primary kuitwa tsika akatumidza mwana munzanga. Secondary socialization chete - ingangova yakatorwa mitemo mukuru.

It vakasarudza govera wandei zvokukura socialization :

1. kwadzakabva. In iyi, kutanga pakuzvarwa uye kuzviuraya ari kuyaruka, kuburikidza kutevedzera ndiko kuitwa evanhu ruzivo pasina kutsoropodza kuongorora. mwana The kukura anodzidza kuchinja nyika yakavapoteredza.

2. Nokuzivikanwa. Panguva iyi, munhu ari kuedza kuwana nzvimbo yavo munyika, zvimwe chinozivisa neumwe boka.

3. kusangana, kureva zvizere kusangana munzvimbo magariro upenyu, izvo dzimwe nguva vanogona haana kubudirira.

4. Basa danho. Panguva iyi, munhu rinoungana basa pachake ruzivo uye rwuripowo runoenzanirana mamiriro ukama, uyewo nokushingaira itibatsire nzvimbo riri.

5. Posletrudovaya Danho, vamwe vaongorori vanodavira padariro maladjustment, mumwe - Kukura pachikuva, kana pane kubvuma kuzvida, rethinking hwake uye inguva uchatamisa zvakaitika kune vamwe.

Achimirira socialization kazhinji anokudzwa vanyori Russian, ndiye akatsiva "basa" kusvika. Ericsson inopa uwane periodization kuti kutsanangura uye vana zera, uye akatevera nzendo kukura wacho munzanga. Mamwe matanho uye Freud socialization dzinounzwa.

mapoka

Socialization kwacho kunoitika nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana nemasangano, kureva vaya mapoka umo nokupfuuridzirwa dzemunharaunda uye tsika; ndiko, kupfuura zvose, mhuri, zvikoro zvedzidzo zvese, mapoka basa. For muzvikoro socialization kunosanganisira dzinonzi unorganized ezvinhu kuti kurongwa mapoka uye zvinobudisa nhau, ane simba usingagoni kurerutswa.

Socialization uye dzidzo

Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa pfungwa pamusoro socialization uye dzidzo uye kurovedza. Kana kudzidzisa kunosanganisira zvikuru achitaura migumisiro, asi socialization - zvikuru yakakura pfungwa rinosanganisira kuitwa mabasa matsva, uye kuchinjira kumamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, sezvo vane dzidzo, socialization chinhu bidirectional muitiro. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kwete chete kunokanganisa evanhu. Haana chete kuchinja, iye kunokanganisa vatotanga dzemunharaunda, anoshandura navo, uye chikamu mune dzimwe adaptations.

Kusiyana dzidziso, chirongwa kuitwa kuti patsika dzemunharaunda uye kuwana nzvimbo yavo vanhu haagoni nokukurumidza. Tinogona chete kuziva zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwacho akadai socialization. Iri zvipenyu chinhu, muviri uye magariro kwezvakatipoteredza, uyewo munhu uye boka ruzivo. Hazvina yakasiyana chokuziva dzevanhu zvatariswa kuona kusiyana nevanhu vakanga akura, zvingaita sokuti, pasi chete ezvinhu.

Kana, zvisinei, zviite kubva mashoko kwesayenzi uye classifications, tinogona kutaura kuti socialization kuti kunoitika muupenyu hwedu, zvakakodzera kuti zvakakodzera paumbwe ezvinhu tsika, anokurudzira kuremekedza vamwe uye kuzvidzora kuziva sevanhu. It inodiwa kwomuzvarirwo kudzidziswa, uye gare gare basa, kuti zvizere kuita mabasa avo uye mabasa uye haizopereri kuchinjwa zvayo mumagariro uye mamwe ruzivo kune runotevera.