Sezvo munhu akarongedzerwa: kunze nekunze kwemuviri womunhu

Munhu wacho anobata sei? Kuvana, mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu haisi nyore. Uye chaizvoizvo kuti unzwisise nzira iyi yakaoma-uye kunyange zvakadaro. Asi zvinhu zvose zviri mumuviri womunhu zvinowanikwa kune dzimwe nguva nguva dzose.

Body Device

Muviri womunhu unorongwa sei ? Munhu mhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Kubva pakuona kweterendomyimu, inomiririra weChordov. Pachitambo chekugadzirwa kweumumoni, akaumba chigamba, neural tube uye gill slits mu pharynx. Kukura, iyo inoshandurwa kuva skeleton, dorsal uye uropi, uye nhengo dzokufema dzinova mapapu. Kufanana nemhuka dzose dzemammalia, munhu anodyisa vana vake nemukaka, ane mishonga yakaoma, yakasuruvara uye yakasviba, vhudzi uye mavara eganda.

Munhu anobata sei? Muviri wake une masero anobatanidza muviri. Zvose zvekupedzisira, zvakare, zvinoumba nhengo. Zvisinei, mumwe nomumwe wavo haagoni kukwanisa kuita zvakaoma mabasa ekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinokosha. Nokudaro, nhengo dzakabatanidzwa muhutano uye hutsika hurongwa.

Zviratidzo zvemhuka dzemasero

Masero emumuviri womunhu ane chimiro chechimiro chemhuka. Ivo eukaryotic, sezvo vane kamuti. Izvi zvinogara zvichishandiswa mumasero emadzimai. Nechiratidzo chekudya kunovaka muviri munhu iheterotroph. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, masero ayo haasisina mahwendefa emavara echloroplast, umo maitiro e-photosynthesis anoitika. Iyo miviri mikuru inonzi mitochondria, lysosomes, gorgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton uye centrioles.

Maitiro omunhu anoshanda sei: iyo miviri miviri yemutumbi

Mapoka emagetsi ane kubatana kwekugadzirisa uye mabasa anonzi maviri. Mumuviri womunhu, mavara mana emasukisi anozivikanwa:

1. Epithelial - ine zviduku, pedyo pedyo masero. Iyo inoumba zvifukidziro zvemuviri, nhengo dzomukati, dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana ndiwo hwaro hwezvinyorwa. Iro haisi iyo ine intercellular substance. Epithelial tissues inoita basa rekudzivirirwa uye kusagadzikana kwemagetsi nemhepo.

2. Kubatanidza - ndiyo nheyo iyo nhengo dzevanhu dzakanyorwa. Inoumbwa nemasero makuru ari munzvimbo yakawanda ye intercellular substance. Mhando dzayo mapfupa, maronda, mafuta, ropa.

3. Muscular - ine fiber inokwanisa kupindira. Inoita basa rekufamba kwe nhengo dzomunhu uye nhengo yose muhara.

4. Kutya - kunoumbwa neuroni nemitemo yakawanda inoparidzira marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehumwe ruzivo, kupa muviri nemapoteredza nyika.

Nhengo dzevanhu uye maitiro: zvikamu zvesangano

Nhengo imwe neimwe inoumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Semuenzaniso, mwoyo unoumbwa nemisumbu yemasumbu yakakomberedzwa nehutachiona hunobata. Asi iyo miviri mikuru inoonekwa seganda. Mushure mezvose, nzvimbo yacho yose yakasvika kusvika 2 mita mamita. Sei ganda iri chigadziko? Nokuti inoumbwa nezviviri zvakasiyana-siyana: epithelial uye zvinoshandiswa.

Kuti unzwisise kuti munhu akarongeka sei, zvakakosha kuzivikanwa nemafungiro ehurongwa hwezvikamu. Mienzaniso yezvivakwa zvakadaro inozivikanwa kune umwe neumwe: kudya, kushambadzira ... Mumwe nomumwe wavo akaiswa nhengo dzakabatanidzwa nekushanda kwebasa rimwe chete. Funga nezvezvivako zvemuviri wemunhu zvakadzama.

Musculoskeletal system

Iri sangano ndiro chidzidzo chekutanga munharaunda yematomy. Muviri wemunhu uri sei? Chokutanga pane zvose, chakavakirwa pamasaga. Inomiririrwa nematareji akawanda. Iyi ndiyo skeleton yemusoro, trunk, mabhanhire uye mahwindo ekumusoro uye ari pasi. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhuka, kune munhu akazvarwa mune vakarurama. Iko kukwanisa kutama kunopiwa nemisungo inonamatira kumapfupa nemubatsiro wemirasi.

Kufuridzirwa uye kubuda kwenhambo

Tinoramba tichifunga kuti muviri wevanhu unorongwa sei. Kuvapo kwayo hakugoneki pasina kushandiswa kwegesi. Iri basa rinopiwa nemaitiro maviri panguva imwe chete. Kuporesa kunomiririrwa nemhepo uye mapapu. Apo vanofema, vanowana oxygen yemhepo. Kubva pa pulmonary vesicles, gesi iyi inopinda mumidziyo miduku yakawanda yemasasa. Izvo nekuyerera kweropa oxygen kunouya kumasero ose emuviri. Mukusiyana, carbon dioxide inofamba, iyo inobviswawo kubva mumuviri kuburikidza nemapapu.

Nzira yehutumbi inomiririra inomiririrwa nemoyo ine makamuri mana nemidziyo: mitsetse, capillaries uye mitsetse. Rudzi rwemamiriro ezvinhu mumunhu rwakavharwa, nokuti ropa riri mumuviri wake harisi kusanganiswa nemvura yakasviba, asi rinopararira mukati memidziyo.

Digestive uye excretory system

Upenyu hwevanhu hahugoneki pasina metabolism nemhepo. Kudya, cleavage uye kugoverwa kwemakemikari kunoitwa nemagetsi. Mumuviri womunhu, uye kunyanya izvi zvakagadzirwa nhengo? Iyo inomiririrwa nemuromo wemumuromo, pharynx, esophagus, mudumbu, duku uye mumatumbo makuru, ayo anosvinudzwa nemuvhura wakare. Ichi ndicho chirwere chekudya chekushandisa nenzira. Asi kushandiswa kwemabasa ayo kwaizove kusingagoneki kunze kwezvipfeko zvakasarudzwa, izvo zvinoita kuti mapurojekiti anokonzera zvinhu zvakaoma zvezvinhu zviri nyore. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvipembenene zvinotapira, mapascasi uye chiropa.

Iyo urinary system inomiririrwa nemafungiro akafanana-akafanana semhangu, marereters, sirasi inotanga kubuda kunze kuburikidza negwenga. Nekubatsira kwayo, muviri unobvisa mvura yakawandisa, mishonga uye zvinodhaka zve metabolism.

Zviratidzo zvechimiro chekubereka

Chimbofunga kuti munhu anorongeka sei maererano nehutano hwekubereka. Ndiye dioecious mumuviri uye mukati mhumho. Rudzi rwekufambira rwakananga. Zvose zvemadzimai nehurume hurongwa hwepabonde hunomiririrwa nemaronda, mapundu uye masero. Zvisinei, vane kusiyana kukuru. Mune varume, izvi zviyero, mahara uye zvigereti zviduku zvespermatozoa. Aya masero anogara achishanda uye anokwanisa kubereka.

Nzira yekuberekwa kwevakadzi inomiririrwa nemavhiri mavari, ma-oviducts uye asingasviki, gametes yakawanda. Nokuda kwekuberekwa, inofanirwa kutama kubva kumaronda ekuberekwa kusvika kune uterine tube. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mune imwe nguva yekuenda kumwedzi, iyo inonzi kutumbuka. Apo ma gametes akabatana, zygote inoumbwa. Iyo inoparadzanisa uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoumba chimiro chakawanda, icho chinotevera chinova chibereko. Intrauterine kukurudzirwa kwe embryo kunopa kudzivirirwa kwechokwadi kwechimiro chiduku panguva yekuzvitakura uye hutano mumwedzi yekutanga yeupenyu.

Zviratidzo zvehutano hwevanhu

Munhu chete ndiye biosocial kuva. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nehupamhi hwekuvandudza kwenheyo yenheyo. Inoumbwa nemutsara wepelinha uye uropi, pamwe chete nehutachiona hunosiya. Munhu anoberekwa ane rimwe sarudzo dzisina kufungidzirwa uye mafungiro emhuka. Zvisinei, munguva yehupenyu hwake, maitiro akawanikwawo akaumbwa. Uropi hwemunhu huri sei? Zvimwe zvakaoma, zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nharo. Inosiyanisa cerebral cortex uye nhamba huru ye convolutions, iyo inonyanya kuwedzera nzvimbo yayo. Munhu chete ndiye anowanzotaura mutauro uye asina kufunga. Anogara munzanga uye pane imwe nguva anoteerera mitemo yemagariro evanhu.

Mutemo wemabasa

Zvinonzwisisika, mumatambudziko akadai, mutemo wemabasa unokosha. Izvi zvinoitika panguva imwe chete munzira mbiri. Nekubatsira kwehurongwa hwemitsipa, muviri wevanhu unogamuchira ruzivo pamusoro pekuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza uye inenge yava pakarepo inopindura kwavari. Munzira dzakawanda izvi zvinoitwa nemaitiro ekufunga. Munhu ane zvishanu. Ichi chiratidzo, kubata, kunhuwa, kunzwa uye kukwanisa kuona kunhuwa. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinosiyanisa imwezve, iyo inonzi "pfungwa yechitanhatu", kana intuition. Zvisinei, hapana chimiro kana mamiriro emamiriro ezvinhu aya akawanikwa uye akatsanangurwa kune ani zvake zvakadaro. Gland rekuvhara mukati, kusunungura muropa rezvinhu zvakakosha-mahomoni, kutonga nzira dzekukura, kukura uye homeostasis. Ichi chirevo chinoreva kuchengetedza kugara kwemukati mamiriro ezvinhu.

Ndizvo zvakaita muviri wemunhu. Iyo yakaoma nzira inogara ichibatanidza masero, maviri, nhengo uye maitiro avo. Chimwe nechimwe chezvivakwa zvinoratidzwa nehupamhi hwepamusoro uye hunosungirirwa nerubatsiro rwemagadzirirwe emagetsi uye anonyadzisa.