Ndepi iri Taz Peninsula?

Nzvimbo yeRussia yakasiyana. Kumusoro kuchamhembe kwenzvimbo yeArctic Circle kumira kwekutonga, kumaodzanyemba munzvimbo dzakasvibirira kunyange munguva yechando kupisa kunowanzosvikira pasi zero. Nharaunda imwe neimwe yakasiyana uye inofadza nenzira yayo, mune imwe neimwe unogona kuwana yakawanda inonakidza uye isingazivikanwi, uye kwose kwose vanhu vanogara.

Dunhu reTazovsky, Rutivi rwePurovsky (Yamal Peninsula) inharaunda yakagadziriswa, uko vanhu vasiri vega vanogara . Makambani ekuRussia anotungamira ari kubudisa maharadrocarboni munzvimbo idzi, kupa mabasa kune vagari vomunharaunda, uyewo kukwezva zviuru zvevanhu vanoshingaira kumatunhu emapolisi. Nharaunda iri kuongorora, kuongorora uye kusimbisa zvitsva zvitsva. Taz Peninsula, iyo iri kunze kweArctic Circle, yakanga isiri iyo.

Yamal

I Yamal Peninsula iri munzvimbo yeArctic kumucheto wekumusoro kweWest Siberian Plain. Nharaunda yaro inodarika 769 zviuru km2. Yakawanda iri pamusoro peArctic Circle. Mukushandura kubva mumutauro weNenets, zita rinoreva "Muganhu Wepasi", iyo inofanana nenzvimbo.

Panharaunda yaro kune mazai anopfuura mazana mana emvura uye nzizi mazana mana nemazana makumi mana. Chikamu chenharaunda yacho chakasvibiswa, kunyange zvazvo kunyura kunoitika muzhizha chete. Mamiriro ekunze pano ari akaoma kwazvo, zvakanyanya kunyika. Mukuwedzera kune mahombekombe eActictic inotonhorera uye mashizha emhepo anobva kuPacific uye kuAtlantic, mamiriro okunze anokonzerwa nehutachiona uye pedyo neChina Sea yechando, iyo inoderera mukati mevhu. Zuva muYamal rinotora mwedzi isiri pasi pemasere, iyo thermometer inogona kudonha kusvika kudhigirii 59. Ivhareji yekupisa kwegore negore inoramba iri pasi pe zero.

Asi zhizha pano inopfupi uye inotonhora, kunyange mune mamwe mazuva kutonhorera kunogona kukwira kusvika kune makumi matatu. Munharaunda yose iyo inowanzowedzera simba, kunyanya mumotokari yekutanga. Kakawanda kune magnetic dutu, pamwe chete nemagetsi ekuchamhembe. Polar mazuva neusiku zvinowanikwawo munzvimbo idzi.

Geographical information

Taz peninsula iri kumucheto wokuchamhembe kweWest Siberian Plain. Pamupu inogona kuwanikwa pakati peTazovskaya neBykaya Bay. Pakareba, yakatambanudza makiromita anenge 200, ine mavhareji yakafara makiromita zana. Nzvimbo yakadzika inowanikwa, yakareba pamusoro pegungwa kwemakiromita zana. Miti yepamusoro penzvimbo iyi inofananidzwa nechechi. Mosses uye lichens zvinowanzo, pamwe chete nemiti. Nharaunda yose yakanyatsotambudzwa nemipata, zhinji dzayo dzakadzika. Kunewo mahombekombe akawanda uye maruva pano. Nzvimbo yacho iri munzvimbo yakasvibiswa, apo ivhu rinopisa mamita akawanda mukati uye kunyange mukati memahombekombe echitonho chemahombekiti harupfuuri hafu yemamita. Zvose izvi zvinokonzera maruva nemhuka.

Settlement Tazovsky

Nzvimbo yekwenzvimbo yeTazovsky District iri musha wezita rimwe chete. Iko iri makiromita 200 kusvika kuchamhembe kweActic Circle. Kusvikira pakati penharaunda, guta reSarekhard, pamvura - 986 km, pamhepo - 552 km. Pamberi peTyumen, mugwagwa unotambanudza makiromita 2755, uye munhandare ine 1341 km. Mumakiromita 230 kubva kumusha kune chiteshi chezvitima Korotchaevo. MuTazovsky pane 7339 vanhu.

Pakazara, dunhu rine misha gumi nematanhatu uye mahofisi mashanu ehurumende. Guta reTazovsky rine basa remhepo, kune migwagwa mutsva. Zvinhu zvekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Izvi zvinyorwa zvinoita kuti zvibone kugovera Taz peninsula, vanhu uye mabhizinesi nezvose zvakakosha. Munharaunda pane musamuziyamu, chikoro chemimhanzi uye chikoro chezvigadzirwa zvevana, mabhuku emakamuri uye mamwe masangano emitambo. Zvose izvi zvinoitwa kuti vaone kuti vose vanogara pamwe nevarume vemafuta vanouya kuzova nemafuta emari vanogona kushandisa nguva yavo yekuzorora, uye vana vavo vanowana dzidzo yakazara.

Historical background

Nzendo dzokutanga kuenda kuTenz Peninsula dzakatanga kuve dzakagadzirirwa nehurumende yeRussia muzana remakore rechi16. PamuRwizi, iyo inonzi Nenets Tasu-Yam-yaha, guta duku rekutengesa rakavakwa, rakazonzi Zlatokipyaschaya Mangazeya.

Pomors neCossacks vakawana nzvimbo idzi kwemwedzi mumwe chete pedyo nenzizi, vachipa zvinhu, mafuta uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. Ngarava dzakadzoka dzakadzoka dziine hove dzinokosha uye furs. Kusvika kusvika zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe nematombo emisero yakauya kune pfuma yamambo yezvikamu izvi. Asi izvi hazvina kupera nguva refu, avo vekugara havana kutsvaka kubatanidzwa, uye mamiriro ezvinhu emakambani acho akanga asina kunaka. Uye pasina nguva vakakanganwa nezveMangasee kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rechi18. Muna 1852, kugara kwekutanga kweHalmer-Sede kwakanyoreswa, izvo zvinoreva "Makuva paGomo". Ichokwadi ndechekuti yakanga yakabva pachikomo apo nheyo yekare yeNenets yakanga iripo. Uye zvakare makamera nemafuta nehove akabatwa mukati mematunhu enyika.

Makore eSoviet Power

Apo vaBolshevik vakasvika pakusimba, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District yakatangwa, iyo yakaiswa muTazovsky District. Pano pano chikwata chehove chakavambwa, pirato rwizi uye ndege, zvipatara zvezvipatara, zvikoro nezvimwe zvivako zvakasvinudzwa. Basa guru reruwa raiva hove uye nyama yemabhizimusi. Ino ndiyo nguva apo penzola yeTazovsky (Russia) yakanga ichikurumidza kukurumidza.

Mumakore makumi matanhatu emakore ekupedzisira mumatumbo eYamal hydrocarbon deposits akawanikwa. Iko kushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwemafuta uye gasi, kuongorora kwenyika yepasi rose kwakatanga. Iyi nhungamiro yave ichiri uye inoramba iri chinhu chinokosha. Iye zvino makambani makuru emafuta emunyika ari kuongorora nekubudisa goridhe remvura munzvimbo idzi, achikwezva zviuru zvevanhu vanoshandira kunyika dziri kure.

Flora nemhuka

Mamiriro ekunze eTaz Peninsula akaoma kwazvo, saka maruva nemhuka zvegore rose zviduku. Asi nekusvika kwemafuro mafupi ezhizha ezhiri dzinoputika pano pano, zvinounza vana pane izvi zvinoita sezvisina kukodzera kuupenyu hwepasi. Nyeredzi dzakawanda, kurarama nekugara pano, zvakanyorwa muRubhuku Rurefu uye hazviwanikwi kune imwe nzvimbo.

Miriwo inotungamirirwa nemasses uye lichens, reindeer, miti yemiti, shrubs. Mhuka yemhuka inomiririrwa nemhuka dzinobereka zvisizvo, izvo zviri chinhu chinovhima vachenjeri nevashambadzi. Pasinei nechokunze kwepenisheni uye kuoma kwemamiriro ekunze, pane vakawanda vanoda kuwanikwa pamashizha kana hove dzinokosha.

Vagari vemo

Taz Peninsula, iyo inomiririra vanhu inomirirwa nemarudzi makumi matatu nemasere, inosiyaniswa nenhamba shomanana yevanhu vanogara. Vazhinji vavo ndevevanhu vemuNetets, vamwe vari maolimen uye geologists vanobva kumativi akasiyana enyika.

VaAborigine vahedheni, vanonamata huMwari hukuru hwaNum uye ishe wegomba re Nga. Kubva kuzvizvarwa nezvizvarwa, tsika dzemadzitateguru dzinonyatsogadziriswa. Mamiriro okunze epeninsula yakakosha pakubereka kwemashure, uye vanhu vomunharaunda vari kunyanya kuita basa iri. Ivo, pamwe nemombe, vanofamba-famba kuburikidza nekudhura kukuru kweYamal, kurarama mudenda, vachigadzira mbatya kubva mumatehwe emhuka. Uye Nenets vane unyanzvi hwekuvhima nevabati vehove.

Miti yakawanda inokura mumatanda ndeyezvinhu zvinonamatira, matavi awo akashongedzwa nemabhande neavo vauya kuzonyengetera nekukumbira chikomborero kubva kumweya. Kucherechedza tsika dzakadaro hakurevi kuti vanhu vanoziva vasingazivi. Vana vanodzidza muzvikoro zvekutambira, uye mushure mekusiya chikoro vanosarudza nzira yavo pachavo.

Tazovsky peninsula, iyo iyo mifananidzo inoshamiswa nekunaka kwechimiro chechidimbu, kutenderera kwemakiromita akawanda, yakanyatsogadziridzwa uye inogarwa. Munzvimbo dzekugara, kushanda kwekuvaka dzimba uye kusimbiswa kwezvivako zvigadzirwa zvinoitwa.