Ostin Dzheyn (Jane Austen). Dzheyn Ostin enganonyorwa, firimu kwadzakabva

Uye kusvikira nhasi Miss Ostin Dzheyn imwe yakakurumbira munyori Chirungu. Kazhinji anonzi Lady mabhuku Chirungu First. mabasa ake vanofanira kudzidza zvose British mumakoreji uye mumayunivhesiti. Saka akanga mukadzi uyu?

Brief oupenyu mashoko

Dzheyn Ostin akaberekwa December 16, 1775. House mhuri yake yakanga iri wepurovhinzi taundi duku Steventon, kuti iri mundima County pakati Hampshire. baba vake, George, vakadzidza chaizvo uye kuvhenekerwa murume, vakabva mumwe mhuri Kentish yekare uye aiva muprista yeko.

Amai munyori Cassandra Lee, akasvika achibva mumhuri akwegura asi varombo chinhu. Kuwedzera mhuri Jane vachiri vanomwe vana - hama James, George, Edward, Henry, Francis uye Charles, uye hanzvadzi Cassandra. Munyori raiva pedyo chaizvo hanzvadzi yake. Imhaka tsamba dzavo akadzidza zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro upenyu uye nechido Jane.

Childhood uye kuyaruka pamusoro yakakurumbira munyori

Kutaura zvazviri, kuda kwake uduku uye kuyaruka Miss Austen anozivikanwa kwete zvikuru. Izvi zvinoshandawo chitarisiko wake, nekuti tsananguro dzakasiyana zvinopa inzwi zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, zvinofungirwa kuti Jane akanga kwezvokufuka, ichiyevedza uye runako musikana ane kuongorora pfungwa, uchifara uye anoshamisa kuziva zvakanaka. Uyezve, aida fashoni, vanofarira naanamai, vakapinda balls, kunonakidza Vatasvi uye aida tamba akatadza kuwirirana nehama neshamwari.

Where akadzidziswa Miss Austen?

munyori mabasa kwete chete vanoratidza hunoshamisa tarenda, asiwo zvokutora kukura ungwaru kuti Miss Austen. Jane akadzidziswa akawanda nemasangano akasiyana. Muna 1783, remangwana munyori nehanzvadzi yake Cassandra akatanga zvidzidzo ake pa Oxford. Asi pano hanzvadzi vari kunze rombo, sezvo vakatambura kubva despotism ari wechimwe, uye ipapo chirwere pamwe typhus. Zvino paiva chikoro Southampton, pashure izvo musikana achinja chikoro zvakare. Educational sangano iri Reading uyewo haana kusvika musikana kuziva, nokuti mutsa wechimwe yakabatanidzwa pamwe Mhedziso nokusava dzidzo yevana.

Pashure kakawanda kudaro, Jane akadzokera kumusha, apo baba vake paaivatambudza dzidzo. Dzhordzh Ostin akakwanisa kudzidzisa vanasikana vavo kwete chete rudo kuverenga, asiwo dzisinganyatsooneki mabhuku kuravira. Iye yakura uye mune imwe pfungwa mhepo, uye zvakatora nzvimbo manheru kuverenga uye kukurukurwa mabhuku ainakidza emutauro.

Kuchinja basa munyori

Chokwadi, musha dzidzo uye mabhuku neruzivo baba vake vakasiya chiratidzo avo basa munyori. Asi kwaiva zvimwe zvinhu kuti kukanganiswa muitiro kusika nomukurumbira enganonyorwa ose Miss Austen. Jane aigara nguva nokuti wakaziva munhau - uye raiva French Revolution, kuti Industrial Revolution muEngland, pakamukirwa muIreland, hondo kuti rusununguko muna America, uye zvichingodaro ..

Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda upenyu hwake Jane yakaitirwa mupurovhinzi, yava akashingaira pamusoro tsamba hama dzavo neshamwari uyo akarondedzera zvakajeka zviitiko aro munhoroondo, dzakanga vakapinda. Zviri tsamba idzi vakava kasikana ane hariperi tsime pfungwa uye mashoko anobatsira.

Dzheyn Ostin: mabasa mangwanani nguva

Havasi Fans dzose munyori anoziva kuti basa rake rokutanga iye akasikwa makore gumi nemashanu. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mabasa aya aiva epistolary yokufungidzira "Rudo uye Friendship", hwakasikwa kuva rudzi Parody chakakurumbira panguva iyoyo, British dzorudo enganonyorwa.

Panguva iyoyo, naiyewo akashanda pamusoro "History of England", izvo, chokwadi, waiva Parody, lampoon pamusoro bhuku A. Goldsmith. Pano Jane nokungwara uye wittily vaishora dzomunhu munyori kuti chinangwa, apo atanga zvimwe zvechokwadi zvenhoroondo zvinhu. Chimwe Parody tsika Chirungu yokufungidzira akava novelette "Cassandra Beautiful".

The akakurumbira nganonyorwa munyori

Zvirokwazvo anenge munhu wose kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwake aiva nomukana kuona mabasa Dzheyn Ostin. enganonyorwa Her dzakakurumbira chaizvo pakati mafeni ose dzekare mabhuku.

Muna 1811, basa Dzheyn Ostin rokutanga yakabudiswa - "Pfungwa uye kunzwisisa." Zviya, bhuku rino iri rakabudiswa pasi rekunyepedzera "Lady." Iri nyore uye panguva imwe chete inofadza nyaya mbiri nehanzvadzi dzakasiyana vatambi. Marianna - mumanzwiro uye anenge musikana kuti anoda kuwana rudo rwechokwadi, apo Elinor zvakawanda dzakachengetedzwa, musoro uye inoshanda.

Kubudirira basa iri akabvumira novelist muna 1813 kubudisa rinotevera bhuku - a yokufungidzira inozivikanwa kunzi "Kudada uye Prejudice", izvo, sezvinei, zvakanyorwa ipapa. Zvinonzi basa iri zvakanyorwa pakarepo mushure zororo pamwe Tom Lefroy, asi nokuti vaparidzi pakutanga vakauramba, zviri kumirira jana ravo kwemakore gumi nemashanu. Rudo nyaya, izvo achapfuura yakawanda zvisizvo uye kuti kudada, ndiye nhasi chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira mabhuku ari munyori.

Akatevera basa yakabudiswa raiva bhuku "Mansfield Park". Dzheyn Ostin akashanda pariri kwemakore matatu. Zviya, basa iri ndowenyika yokufungidzira anonzi rokudzidzisa. Nyaya Musikana vachafanira kusarudza pakati yokudanwa mwoyo, nemitemo undere uye vanonzwisisa nenharo, akava musoro miniseries.

Muna 1816 akauya mumwe akakurumbira yokufungidzira - "Emma". Dzheyn Ostin pano mune chinosetsa nenzira, akarondedzera nhoroondo kunofara, musikana perky ari kunakidzwa, kubatsira shamwari dzake kuti kuroorwa. Dzatora basa nhingi nanhingi vanokodzerana, nako, nenzira, haisi basa rakanaka kwazvo, Emma akapotsa akafuratira mufaro pachavo.

paakanga afa, muna 1817, rakabudiswa rimwe bhuku vanoda "Kunyengetedza." Dzheyn Ostin muverengi pechalnayu akaudza nyaya Anne Elliot, nezano hunobatsira mai vake dzechisikana, akaramba murume chete aida. Zviya, bhuku rino iri kazhinji vaiona kuti autobiography kumunyori pacharwo mhando.

Kwapera gore, rakabudiswa mumwe yokufungidzira - "Northanger Abbey", inova kunonakidza uye akangwara Parody pakati usingaonekwi Gothic enganonyorwa.

Konekwa mabasa Jane

Kutaura zvazviri, havasi vose basa yakakurumbira munyori zvapera. Somuenzaniso, munguva upenyu Miss Austen duku epistolary yokufungidzira rinonzi "Lady Susan" harina rakabudiswa. Rakanyorwa pakati 1803 uye 1805 makore nhoroondo tsanzira anokunyengedzera kuronga Lady Susan, vachiedza kutsvaka murume yakakodzera, anomutsa dzinokosha tsika uye tsika.

Chete Musoro kuvhimwa Chikomba pakarwiwa, uye mune mamwe ane konekwa yokufungidzira, munyori anonzi "Watsons". Zviya, basa iri rakanga dzakwidzwa appended muzukuru Jane uye akabudiswa pasi rokuti "nemunun'una."

Pane rimwe basa nevakawanda romunyori British, izvo iye ndisina nguva kupedzisa. On the nganonyorwa "Senditon" Jane akatanga kushanda kwemwedzi mishomanana asati afa, uye nguva kunyora chete chaenga. Muna 2000, basa iri rakapera pamusoro Chirungu munyori Dzhuliey Barret - the yokufungidzira inobudiswa pasi zita "Charlotte."

Personal upenyu munyori

Zviri pachena kuti, pasinei ayo panzvimbo inofadza chitarisiko, Dzheyn Ostin uye akaramba ari oga. In hwake akagamuchira muroorane kubva akapfuma womukoma Lady Gresham Weasley, asi akaramba, sezvo vasina ruzivo chero manzwiro kwaari.

Muna 1795, paiva waaiziva varombo mutemo mudzidzi Thomas Lefroy uye Miss Austen. Jane ataurwa kakawanda pamusoro izvi zviitiko mutsamba dzake hanzvadzi yake. Pakati vechidiki pakarepo akaputsa kuti mumwe manzwiro, asi vaifanira kusiya. Pashure pezvose, vechidiki vanobva varombo mumhuri, uye chete muchato zvakanaka ane vapfumi venhaka aigona kugadzirisa zvinhu. Zviya, Thomas akazova Ishe Chief Justice of Ireland. Uye Jane makore 30 aipfeka bhoneti ane murandakadzi yekare, achiudza nyika kuti haasi kuenda kuroorwa.

Pakafa baba emunyori rakamubatsira mai vakakomba imba, sezvo mamiriro ezvemari mhuri yakanga zvakaoma. Muna 1817, Jane akatamira Winchester, apo kurapwa chirwere Addison vake, apo kushanda yokufungidzira "Senditon". Pano iye akafa musi July 18.

Dzheyn Ostin: firimu kwadzakabva pamusoro enganonyorwa

Kutaura zvazviri, mabasa munyori British nguva dzose vakamutsa wakajeka kufarira. Somuenzaniso, chete bhuku "Kudada Rusaruro" akanga filmed kagumi. mufananidzo First inobva yokufungidzira akazviratidza pamusoro sefa muna 1938. Last TV shanduro inozivikanwa yokufungidzira rakabudiswa muna 2005 - basa Elizabeth Bennet akamuka Kire Naytli uye Mr. Darcy vake sowakajeka reDare Mettyu Makfeyden.

The nganonyorwa "Pfungwa uye kunzwisisa," chakatorwa chidzitiro kashanu. Chimwe chigadzirwa dzakakurumbira inonzi "Emma" akaumba hwaro rangano emifananidzo masere. Chokwadi, izvi hazvisi zvose mafirimu ose Dzheyn Ostin. Somuenzaniso, pane mafirimu mana, akasika inobva yokufungidzira "Kunyengetedza." A "Northanger Abbey" hwakaiswa pamusoro chinovhara kaviri - muna 1986 uye 2006. Kunewo matatu firimu kwadzakabva mabasa "Mansfield Park". Sezvinogona kuoneka, zvose akapedza enganonyorwa Dzheyn Ostin nyaya akava hwaro mumafirimu akawanda. Uye pasinei nguva, kushandura nzira youpenyu uye netsika, izvi nyore nyaya nezvorudo, ushamwari uye tsika achiri kunakidzwa mubereko zvikuru vanoiona uye vaverengi.

Movies pamusoro poupenyu munyori

Kutaura zvazviri, chinangwa yechimbadzo chikamu wavakasarudza firimu akava mabasa Dzheyn Ostin, asi yake chaizvo upenyu kwete chete. To musi, filmed mafirimu matatu, zvarongwa iyo nzira imwe kana mumwe anobva oupenyu Data yaiva yakakurumbira munyori. Somuenzaniso, muna 2002, yakabudiswa muna Rental muvhidhiyo inonzi "Real Dzheyn Ostin", maererano izvo vakatorwa vanozivikanwa oupenyu Data uye tsamba yasara kuti hanzvadzi emunyori Cassandra.

Muna 2007, akaonekwa ari chidzitiro nomutambo inonzi "Miss Austen Kuzvidemba," izvo inotiudza okupedzisira makore unyanzvi asi vakasurukirwa munyori uye ukama hwake rimwe vazukuru. Pano basa Jane akaenda Olivii Uilyams.

In chete 2007 melodrama "Dzheyn Ostin" ( "Kuva Jane") akanga filmed, nyaya kwakavakirwa anosuruvarisa rudo nyaya vanoda munyori uye murombo, vanozvikudza asi inofadza gweta Tom Lefroy.