Mutengo zvakadini mafuta muna 2008? Dynamics pakati mitengo, mhando mitengo, paumbwe mari

Mari ine Upfu mafuta zvechinguvana giredhi ine zvinokosha kukanganisa upfumi vaikudzwa inoti uye dzinogona kushandiswa enyika chokushandisa. Kudonha mitengo vane inokanganisa upfumi Soviet Union, vachitamba kusarudza basa zvematongerwo dambudziko iro yakavapo mukupera 80s, uye kumutsa pokuwa USSR. Nokufamba iri kukosha zvekuvaka nezvainoita mamiriro bhajeti yeRussia ano, upfumi zvarwo uye mutengo nevamwe chinokosha pamusoro kunze kwenyika Russian - negasi.

Mari mafuta rinowanzoshandiswa tichienzanisa 2008, apo mugumisiro yose zvoupfumi, paiva kuparara iri mitengo. Panguva iyoyo akanga akanyorwa uye nhoroondo kunonyanyisa ukoshi. mutengo zvakadini mafuta muna 2008? Shoma pachiyero zvekuvaka mutengo yakasvika pazuva pashure Christmas, apo zvepamusoro mutengo hwakanyorwa mishoma yapfuura - waJuly.

mutengo ramafuta - nechiidzo dzakawanda zviitiko yezvematongetwo uye kukanganisa munyika kutungamirira upfumi. Asi vasati yokuronda ari zvekuvaka mutengo nokufamba, vanofanira kubata pamwe mhando mutengo, mutengo, hurongwa paumbwe wokupedzisira mutengo.

Mhando mitengo mafuta: chiratidzo giredhi of Resource

Kurerutsa chirongwa kutengeserana zvakajairika kushandisa dzakawanda bhuku (zvechinguvana kana mureza) mamakisi mafuta. Mari siyana dzakawanda zvinhu zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga novimba musika mutengo yakaumbwa anotevera zvidzidzo zvinokosha:

• Dubai / Oman (Oman Crude uyewo 2007) - dzinotengeswa kunyanya kumisika Asian.
• Brent Crude Oil - mined pamusoro kumiganhu Norway uye Scotland, rinoumbwa pakubhadhara anoverengeka mbishi zvinhu. Model siyana ndiye chiyereso Pakusarudza mari mafuta muEurope weOPEC nyika goridhe. Maererano mashoko mafuta, Brent mutengo achiumbwa pasi mumhuri muchiso Urals.
• West Texas chiripo (aizivikanwawo nokuda Acronym WTI) - Texas mafuta, mari iyo yakaumbwa panguva makurukuriro kuna kuchengetera kuwana Oklahoma, USA.

Zvisinei, The zvemaBhaibheri zvidzidzo izvi okuwana mafuta iduku mukuenzaniswa reshiyo, kuona mari ruzhinji nerubatsiro mamwe mavanga.

Mari mutengo zvekuvaka pa chikwata vhoriyamu

mitengo mafuta kufunga rinomutsa yokupedzisira kukosha zvekuvaka, inova uwandu kumahombekombe uye mutengo - zvachose dzibvise mari chakakonzerwa namaneja kambani panguva oiri. Mutengo rinoumbwa zvinotevera:

• Production mari, mitero uye dzimwe fanira mari (muripo anoda kubva mashanu gumi emadhora muzana dhiramu).
• Mari ubanguranyika uye kugadzira minda mafuta (zvichienderana nharaunda, mari siyana manomwe mana emadhora).
• Shipping mari (kwete nguva dzose chinhu kufungwa, asi chete kusvika zvakakodzera).
• For pemvura minda vanoumba vanenge makumi matatu kubva muzana zvachose oiri nyika anogona zvakare zvinoda munhu kushaya anoita mafuta pachikuva.

Mari inoshandiswa mafuta vanofungidzirwa pa-maviri namapfumbamwe emadhora avhareji yokudengenyeka dhiramu. mutengo zvakadini mafuta muna 2008? With risingamboshandisi kuwa zvekuvaka kukosha makambani mafuta chichiwanikwa imwe dhora mudhiramu chete mana, asi panguva yepamusorosoro mutengo wakasvika kubatsirwa zana emadhora kana kupfuura.

Paumbwe wokupedzisira mari mafuta

Kwokupedzisira mutengo mafuta (tafura kana girafu kuti enzaniso, ave mutemo, uye anoratidza chokupedzisira ukoshi) vanotungamirirwa zvinoverengeka. The kukarukureta anotora enyika uye zvoupfumi kuitika, asi chinokosha determinant pakati mari 80-85%, ndiyo nhamba dziripo uye kudiwa. mhedziso basa nesayenzi yaiti "Tsvakurudzo kuti zvinoitwa inotungamirwa mitengo mafuta ...» naEri kwakaitwa Russian Academy of Sciences kwakadaro.

Saka, ngationei kuti chii chaiva mutengo mafuta pamusoro kwemakore. Purogiramu kuratidza mamiriro ezvinhu. Data anopiwa kubvira yechipiri yezana rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore kusvikira 2011. On the chati, nenzira, anonyatsoratidza mutengo mafuta 2008 - akawira nyore anokudzwa.

The zvitema mutsetse unoratidza kukosha zvekuvaka muUnited States Dollar, ari orenji munyonga rinomiririra mutengo pamwero muna 2015 madhora. Data asati 1945 chokuita mari mafuta muUnited States kusvikira 1885 vaimiririra zvizivikanwe muArabhia Light, uye pashure - ino mwero, zviri Brent Resource kugiredhi.

Kukura zvekuvaka chamunowana pakutanga 2000s

Dynamics pamusoro mitengo, iyo rinoti iri nyanzvi dzakawanda, kutanga 2000s, apo mitengo mafuta yakawedzera nokuda hondo yokuIraq, padanho kukura kudiwa, nokuderedza kugadzirwa kubudikidza Indonesia, muUK uye Mexico, uyewo kuparadzwa muna Gulf munyika. Kusagadzikana kuMiddle East kwakatungamirira kuti kuwedzera mutengo chemafuta madhora gumi pazuva, June 6, 2008. By July 4, chigadzirwa mutengo yakasvika anenge 144 emadhora por dhiramu (143.95).

The pose dambudziko uye kuparara muna 2008

mutengo zvakadini mafuta muna 2008? Mari zvekuvaka kuna December 26, 2008 yakasvika anenge matatu nemana emadhora por dhiramu. The pasi mutengo chemafuta 2008 anyanya pfupi nguva: atova muzhizha 2009, mutengo rakatanga kukura zvakare.

The Kudzikamiswa kuti mitengo pashure dambudziko

Mushure kupora kubva yose zvemari dambudziko (muna 2010) pachiyero mitengo mafuta yadzika. Mari mudhiramu panguva inenge makumi manomwe kusvika masere emadhora. Growth vakatangazve nokuda ezvematongerwo dambudziko iri Libya uye moto panguva Refinery muUnited States, zvino mutengo vakatanga kuwira nokuda zvinetso European Union.

Pokuwa kumusika mafuta nokuda oversupply pakati mbishi zvinhu

Muna 2014, mitengo Brent kwakadonha pazasi mapfumbamwe emadhora mudhiramu. Mafuta kudiwa akawira, uye panguva imwecheteyo paiva zvakawandisa zvitengeswa. By pakutanga January 2015 mutengo mafuta rawa yekudyidzana. Shoma pamwero 45.13 zvamadhora por dhiramu mufananidzo asvika regumi namatatu January. mutengo zvakadini mafuta muna 2008 uye 2015 M? Izvi zvakasiyana akafanana zviratidzo. Uye zvinhu zvakakonzera tikarega mitengo, kufanana - uye chokwadi, uye mune imwe nyaya, aiva mutsindo simba munyika yose mamiriro ezvoupfumi.

Kudzikamiswa uye mumwe donhwe ukoshi

Mumwedzi mumwe mushure mokuparara muna 2015, mitengo mafuta pazvakagadzikana, asi kwete kwenguva refu. Quotes yakaerera muzhizha 2016 nokuda mumwe kuparara ari rwemhuri China uye Iran kuti chiziviso urongwa kumusika kuwedzera kunze kwenyika mafuta mushure vaizoitwazve zvirango. Vagamuchirawo nhau kuti United States munguva yemberi iri pedyo vari kuenda zvive zvitsva kugadzirwa chinzvimbo.