High nokukurumidza simbi. zvivako Its uye kupatsanura

Mazuvano, mukuru-nokukurumidza simbi achiri kutungamirira zvinhu nokuda pagadzirwe siyana simbi mokugezera uye mumwe okurwadzisa chokushandisa. alloys kwakadaro anowanzoshandiswa mune zvaAtemisi muchina nemasaha, drills, uye drills kushanda misoro. Pasinei Kuzviratidza ikozvino dzakasiyana-siyana ose atadze carbide uye zvedongo rinoumba zvokuvakisa kupa kunyange mukuru kubudiswa waivako, mukuru-nokukurumidza mudziyo steels zvakasimba vane dzavo.

Kushandiswa kwakapararira alloys zvakadaro pagadzirwe kunzwisisa-rokutema maturusi nokuda mubatanidzwa umo yakakwirira simba (kusvika 68 HRC) uye chafariz kugadzikana (havaiti kurasikirwa kwavo nokushanda ehupfumi kunyange panguva tembiricha kuti 650 ° C) rurefu viscosity kukosha, kure kwazvo kuti nokuda carbide zvinoumba zvinhu . Uyezve, mukuru-nokukurumidza simbi ane zvikuru yakakwirira anochinjika, izvo zvinoreva workability zvakanaka uye nokuveza rikurumidze kupombwa.

Chii ehupfumi achava wakadaro chiwanikwa kunotsamira alloying zvinhu. Kazhinji, mukuru-nokukurumidza simbi chinhu multicomponent hurongwa ine chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, uye vanadium. Kuvapo siyana zvinoriumba, uyewo avo kugutsikana mune kubva muzana mazwi zvinoratidzwa Kunyora. Letter P ino zvinoreva kuti simbi ndiyo kumhanya, haizopereri nhamba inoratidza tungsten kugutsikana mune kubva muzana. Uyezve tsamba kureva kuvapo vamwe alloying zvinhu, uye nhamba kuuya mushure tsamba - zvavo kubva muzana uremu kesimba ari chiwanikwa. Saka tsamba M rinoratidza kuvapo molybdenum munyika, F - vanadium K - cobalt, A - senitrogen.

Maererano zviri dopants nokukurumidza simbi anogona Classified kupinda tungsten, molybdenum, tungsten uye molybdenum. A boka rinokosha dzinounzwa nesimbi yakapambadzirwa pamwe cobalt. alloys vakadaro kazhinji kushandiswa kugadzirwa zvekushandisa kuti machine akaoma zvikamu superalloys. High Kasira simbi, chiwanikwa vanadium dzinowanzotsigi- aiendeswa pagadzirwe zvekushandisa vanonzi "Kupedzwa" Anopedzisa - broaches, reamers uye nezvimwewo.

Rakajairika uye zvimwe mukuru muchiso mukuru-nokukurumidza simbi P18 rinoshandiswa nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi zvakaoma yakaumba threading nematurusi. Zvinoreva mutemo fomu kuti yepamusoro kubudiswa simbi dziri kunyanya pamusoro P9 muchiso chiwanikwa. Pairi kuita zvigayo, vavezi vematombo uye zvakafanana.

Nokushanda tembiricha hurumende kukurumidza steels vakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: alloys kwomuzvarirwo, yakakwirira, uye yakakwirira nokupisa nemishonga. To boka rokutanga ndezvaJehovha tungsten (R18, R9) uye tungsten-molybdenum (R6M5). mavanga aya anoshandiswa kubudiswa dzisiri ferrous nesimbi, STRUCTURAL steels uye akakanda simbi.

Nokuti zvinhu zviri muchikwata yechipiri kunoratidzwa refu zviri cobalt, vanadium uye kabhoni. The inonyanya kufarirwa muchiso muboka - R6M5F3. Vanadium simbi dzinoratidzwa kumusoro kusakara nemishonga. Dzavo chete chakakomba drawback - bad sanding, nokuti kwekuoma vanadium carbides haisi muduku kuti chakarurama zvakafanana elektrokorundovogo kukuya vhiri.

Pakupedzisira, muchikwata hwendarira rechitatu inozivikanwa pasi chikamu kabhoni kugutsikana, achivaita yakakodzera Mabatirwo kupisa nemishonga, Stainless simbi uye titanium alloys. Chimwe maitiro chinhu kwavari - vakawanda alloying zvinhu. To boka iri anosanganisira pezvitsiga akadai 3V20K20H4F, V11M7K23 and unto.