Musiyano ovogenesis kuti spermatogenesis?

In bepa iri isu zvamaronga kuti govera Kusiyana ovogenesis pamusoro spermatogenesis, kutaura pamusoro pachavo azvaiitwa. Chokwadi, isu hatingazvirumbidzi kusiya pasina kuteerera uye nembeu masero, tsanangura mashoko mamiriro avo uye ushande.

Kubereka - ichi ndicho chinangwa chikuru zvose zvipenyu zviri redu, kuti zvinobatsira kuramba dzinza, kureva, pasi redu hauzombofi chinhu. Mukupesana, zvino nhamba kurarama zvisikwa, kunyanya vanhu, muchikura geometrical kunoita. Ovum uye dzisingaoneki - zviri bonde masero nevakadzi azvaitwa. Zviri ivo vachange yakatsaurirwa nyaya yedu. Under Gametogenesis akanzwisisa chirongwa inotungamirwa gametes. Kana totaura dzisingaoneki, inonzi spermatogenesis, kana ari zai masero, oogenesis. Zvose izvi muudzame, uchadzidza mberi.

gametogenesis

Oogenesis uye spermatogenesis, musiyano pakati zvisina kutsoropodza, saka vazhinji mamiriro ayo akafanana, zvinogona kunzi Generic izwi - "utachiona mutsetse". nezvazvo zvishoma zvikuru zvino.

Chokutanga, kuongorora pfungwa, tinogona kusiyanisa mashoko maviri: "gamete" uye "Genesi", wokupedzisira mutauro wechiGiriki anogona kushandurwa se - "mavambo". Kuti ndiro izwi rinoreva "utachiona mutsetse" rinoreva "matangiro gametes." Gametes - a dzokubereka masero nevanhu - dzisingaoneki, vakadzi - zai. Gametogenesis pachayo rinogonawo vakakamurwa chechikadzi: gametogenesis kuitika mumuviri womunhu, anonzi spermatogenesis, uye mumuviri mumwe mukadzi - oogenesis. Asi pano tinosvika musiyano pakati azvaiitwa yokutanga. Oogenesis rinotanga asati aberekwa aberekwa vasikana uye spermatogenesis kuonekwa nevakomana vanenge vasvika zera, kazhinji makore 12-13.

chipotera vasikana

Pfungwa zai inotungamirwa, kureva, oogenesis rinowanikwa mudumbu, apo pakuyaruka, kana pane chikuva wayo wokutanga, nekurangarira kwemakore anenge mapfumbamwe. Tinopa zvishoma kupfuura kufunga padanho yokuyaruka nevasikana:

• 1st Danho - wakawedzera kukura, pane zviitiko kana musikana ari kuwana anopfuura 10 masendimita kureba, riri kuonekwa vasingambooni chakaipa nazvo. Kazhinji, nhasi vasikana outperform vakomana.
• 2nd Danho - shanduko yechipiri dzepabonde zvatariswa. musikana anenge 12 makore ari kutanga kubuda mufananidzo yakaipa Duckling. Rwunotanga kukura mazamu, akaderedza muchiuno, vanokurira mvere pubic nzvimbo uye muhapwa. Inenge panguva ino Wake akachengetedzwa zai uye vanotanga mberi pakukura kwavo. Nokukurumidza, Musikana anodzidza kuti mwedzi.
• Danho Third - kwokupedzisira pachikuva. Akauya makore anenge 18. Zvino iye anonzi kuti zvakazara kuumbwa, rinogona bereka vana utano.

chipotera Boy

Sezvatambotaura kare, vasikana akaumba zai mudumbu, vakomana vose kuenda zvishoma zvakasiyana. Dzisingaoneki masero vanotanga kukura kwavo chete kana kunosvika makore 12-14. Asati Danho ichi pakuyaruka kuri kuchinja:

• kuwedzera kukura mboro;
• Zvakawanikwa scrotum;
• kukura pubic bvudzi, muhapwa, makumbo uye chiso.

Paaizosvika makore 12-14 mukomana anogona kare kutanga kuva zvepabonde, asi zvinokosha kuti anyevere vabereki vake, nokuti anogona atova kukonzera vasingadiwi mangwanani pamuviri weshamwari yake. zvino isu mberi zvakananga mukono nehadzi utachiona masero, isu funga nechivako yavo, inotungamirwa nzendo, zvakafanana uye kusiyana.

zai

Ngatitange pamwe munhukadzi pabonde masero, characterization kuti oogenesis Tiri atakurukura gare gare. Chokutanga, tinofanira zvamaronga kuti kufunga marongerwo uye kushanda zai.

Zai achiri guru uye sero yakatarwa, miganhu yacho kusvika 170 microns, inova utachiona masero zvikuru varume (70 microns). Mumwe nomumwe wavo rine zvakafanira zvinovaka muviri, apo tichaona:

• zvinhu zvakafanira kuti biosynthesis of puroteni;
• pamutemo zvinhu;
• mondo.

Masero anogona kugovera nokuwanda zai yolks:

• pamusoro aletsitalnye;
• politsitalnye;
• mezotsitalnye;
• oligoletsitalnye.

Kubva kunyora nezvavo mari kune hombe chaizvo, ukuwo. Kana tikafunga hadzi zai, inogona kunzi aletsitalnomu uye izoletsitalnomu mhando. Kuti, pane zvishoma mondo, izvo zvinogona kutsanangurwa ndechokuti embryo munhu ari kukurumidza vatendeukira gematotrofnomu mhando zvokudya. Izoletsitalny mhando zvinoreva kuti zai mondo iri zvakaenzana kuparadzirwa uye mwoyo nechepakati.

Zai goko ane zvinotevera:

• cytoplasm;
• Unodzivirira mumuhara;
• wakaisvonaka korona.

anoshongwa All vane unodzivirira basa, regai kupa dawo kupinda zai rimwe dzisingaoneki kupfuura chimwe chinodiwa kuti muchangosangana. Vamwe vose kuvharidzirwa.

Zvino sarudza zai basa:

• nechokwadi mudumbu simba;
• kupa kwokutanga Danho mudumbu iri inotonhorera.

dzisingaoneki

Munhu wose anoziva kuti urume - murume pabonde sero, asi sei kushanda? Tinopa shoma kuongorora mubvunzo uyu. Chitarisiko gametes unogona kuona pamusoro mapikicha muchikamu chino. In ayo mamiriro ndedzinotevera zvikamu:

• musoro;
• pamutsipa;
• pakati chikamu;
• muswe.

Musoro urume musimboti izere, aiva iye anotakura nhaka ruzivo. Panguva fertilization, zai inopfuura naro. Sex vomwana kunoenderana chaiyo pamusoro urume. Kana anotakura X chromosome, ichava musikana, kana Y, zvino mukomana.

Mutsipa anoratidzwa ari aienda diki pamberi pakati chikamu urume, ichi ndicho chikamu anokonzera basa racho, zvimwe kungava zvinozondiomera muchangosangana.

Next anouya muviri, izvo unoberekawo simba nokuda zvinofamba gametes. The muswe inomiririrwa flagellum, ndiro rinokosha chaizvo basa - kutama.

Tisati funga zvinhu spermatogenesis uye oogenesis, isu zvamaronga kuti govera inokosha mashandiro dzisingaoneki - Atanga majini zvinhu kuti zai.

ovogenesis

Ngatitange nokuumbwa munhukadzi nemasero embeu, sarudzai nguva ovogenesis uye tsananguro nechimwe. Saka, kusunungurwa danho:

• rutoto;
• kukura;
• kuibvisa.

Zvino tinogona kare kunzi wokutanga musiyano ovogenesis kuti spermatogenesis mumutsetse wokutanga ndiye chidzoke munhukadzi nemasero embeu (oocytes), uye wechipiri - murume (dzisingaoneki). Ngatitaurei maitiro Danho rimwe nerimwe oogenesis.

Padariro kubereka kuwanika parenchyma kwamakamuri vokutanga (utachiona) kugovera mitosis. Saka, muna ovarian cortex rukoko rinoungana oogonia. Vanounganidza:

• mapuroteni;
• mafuta;
• shuga.

Zvino vava akasiyana chaizvo kubva dzavo vamutangira, kunoguma oogonia germinal yakakura, asi avo kutodza masikirwo ndiko zvakafanana. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti izvi zvinoitika asati aberekwa musikana, iri mudumbu.

Akatevera Danho anotora nzvimbo nguva pfupi asati musikana munyika. Danho iri rinonzi kukura. Zvino pane weboka mitosis, saka vakaumba oocytes wokutanga kurongeka. Tichienzanisa oogonia vanova duku, asi mberi nokukurumidza kuwedzera kukura. Zvino oocytes vakamirira glitch, ivo vanozviwana vari granulosa goko pakutapwa uye kumisa kukura pavaipfuura primordial follicle. Uwandu masero kwakadaro, pane anenge mamiriyoni maviri, asi pakuzadzisa achava chete vamwe vavo (anenge 450).

Third Danho (kuibvisa) rinowanikwa pfupi asati mwedzi musikana wokutanga. Rimwe wakaderera follicles anopepuka uye anopfuurira kukura kwayo, izvo akarega anenge 12-13 apfuura.

spermatogenesis

Hatina atoita mumwe musiyano ovogenesis pamusoro spermatogenesis (Kugadzirwa siyana utachiona masero) kuverenga kunogonawo kuparadzaniswa uye kuti oogenesis rinotanga asati aberekwa musikana, asi chirongwa spermatogenesis - paunosvika makore 12-14. Hatina kutoziva kusiyana maviri, zvino isu kureva zvakare kusimbisa ruzivo.

spermatogenesis rwakazara zvakare kwakasiyana zvishoma nzendo oogenesis (kuvapo rimwe danho). Kusiyanisa zvinotevera zvokukura spermatogenesis:

• kubereka;
• kukura;
• kuibvisa;
• inotungamirwa.

Pano tinoona zvakafanana. azvaiitwa, matanho matatu okutanga ndivo chete, chete panguva padariro kuibvisa ovogenesis migumo, uye dzisingaoneki kugadzirwa mberi, kutanga padanho inotungamirwa.

misiyano

Muri akapotsa apedza kuverenga nyaya ino, edza nokuti pachako - kudaidza akasiyana spermatogenesis uye oogenesis. Zvino tarisa sei iwe kukurira basa.

Wokutanga musiyano ovogenesis ose spermatogenesis - zvakasiyana nguva kutanga kwacho. Girls gametogenesis kwacho kunotanga panguva fetus mu vakomana - makore 12-14.

The musiyano rechipiri - iri muitiro kusimukira oocyte oogenesis uye spermatogenesis - dzisingaoneki.

The musiyano wechitatu - the hunotarisira utachiona masero upenyu. Dzisingaoneki upenyu rimwe zana mazuva zana negumi (kana tikaongorora yose nedanho spermatogenesis, vanenge 74 Mazuva), hadzi pabonde sero - ndiwo mugumisiro akavandira yakareba ovary (12 kusvika 40 years).

The musiyano chechina - nhamba. Over hwose, varume wakazvarwa nemazana mazhinji mabhiriyoni dzisingaoneki, uye chose zvose nzendo oogenesis vari mazai anenge 450.

kufanana

Tiri mararamiro achinyora nyaya ino uye akasimbisa kufanana uye kusiyana pakati spermatogenesis uye oogenesis. Zvino zvakare isu generalize, isu anoratidza sezvo mazita zvakafanana pakati azvaiitwa.

• Three zvakafanana danho (kubereka, kukura, ichiibvira).
• Oocytes uye spermatocytes inoumbwa mitosis.
• Step kukura oogenesis uye spermatogenesis ichazivikanwa noku nokuwedzera gametes.
• kuibvisa Danho kunoitika kuburikidza meiosis.