Icon of Amai vaMwari Zhirovitskoy: tsananguro uye nhoroondo icon

Pakati yakakurumbira mufananidzo woWakaropafadzwa Mariya kuvake Zhirovitskoy Amai vaMwari chinobatanidza nzvimbo inokosha nokuti nhoroondo yacho yakasiyana uye chitarisiko nokuda kujairika Muzviitiko zvakadaro, magadzirirwo rokuurayira. Uyezve, zviri zvakafanana airemekedzwa sezvo Orthodox akatendeka uye kumadokero mirayiridzo vateveri vaKristu.

Description yakasiyana mifananidzo

Kusiyana dzedu dzose mifananidzo Zhirovitsky mufananidzo chinhu denderedzwa njanji muchimiro ruyamuro akaita kuti Jasper. miganhu yacho vari vashomashoma - 5.7 masendimita h4,1h0,8, uye externally afanane yechipfuva kuvake kana Cameo. The neizvi divi icon chechetere. Jasper, izvo zvinonzi zvakaitwa, ane dzinongoitika mubatanidzwa yerima tsvuku uye mitema mavara, iyo kutarisana chezvinonhuwira ocher Hue.

Holy Amai Mwari wakaratidza wakabata muruoko rworudyi rwake Eternal Infant, apo kuruboshwe rikazvisundira pachipfuva. Bareheaded Mambokadzi Heaven kurerekera kune wakanamatira Mwanakomana wake uye kuti hozhwe Yake. Baby Jesu akapfeka pfupi nguo, anoenda akafumura mabvi ake. Musoro Amai uye Mwanakomana korona. On mativi tsamba Greek anokudzwa, chinyakare iyi mhando kwemifananidzo, uye achiratidza mazita avo.

Zhirovitskoy Icon Hwedu Lady, rondedzero wakapiwa kumusoro, ndowenyika iconographic mhando, inonzi "Eleousa" - Rudo. mhando iyi Marian mifananidzo iri rekare, uye azviratidza muIjipiti yechiKristu nguva mangwanani, kana akagamuchira kutumbuka anonzi unyanzvi Coptic.

Nakhodka wechiduku cowherd

Nhoroondo icon kwakafanana kujairika sezvo kwayo chitarisiko. The nyaya (uye vanhu, sezvo tichiziva, hapana haazomutengesi), kuti muna 1470 icon yakatanga rinotaurwa Grodno nharaunda pedyo nomusha Zhirovichi, zita iro, iwe wafungidzira nayo, uye akachipa zita rayo. Zvino zvakaitika kuti vana veko vakanga kufudza mombe musango, aiva akapfuma wamambo - the Lithuanian pakuberekwa, asi nokutenda kwechokwadi. zita rake rainzi Alexander Soltan.

Pakarepo (neshoko kazhinji nguva dzose mafaro kunotanga nyaya), vakaona yakajeka sokupenya kuti chaipenya kubva korona akakura ari kumucheto peya muti. Kukunda Kutya, iyo cowherd akasvika pedyo uye akaona pakati mashizha kuvake duku, umo kumativi ose dzaiva mwaranzi. With bated mweya, vana kubva muti anoshamisa kuwanikwa, uye dzakamhanya-mhanya naro wayo. Hatigoni kutaura kuti izvi zvakanga icon of Amai vaMwari Zhirovitskoy - Blagozdravnitsa sezvo zvakazivikanwa mushure akawanda Rinoonekwa kuburikidza naye kuporesa zvishamiso.

Tanga asingatsananguriki zvishamiso

Alexander Soltan, munhu kushamisika chaizvo kuziva, havana kuziva zvokuita nayo, asi nokupa vakomana mari, sezvakanga kana rakakiiwa Icon kuti chipfuva, kwakatemwa pakutanga mukana kutora naye Grodno uye kuratidza diocesan bhishopu. Amatare kasiketi - chinhu yakavimbika, pose pauri kuwana (zvinodhura, pachena) haisi kuenda kupi. Fungidzira kushamisika kwaakaita apo zuva rakatevera, achida kuzvirumbidza nacho vaeni akawana kasiketi anokosha chinhu.

Oddly unozvidzinga tenzi womuranda pamarwadzo husingaperi munyika inotevera, uye matanda pamusoro payo, mumwe uye akapika zvose vanoziva haazivi chinhu. Uye chinokosha kasiketi kubva usiku hwose hwakapedzerwa pamutsipa wake. Eya, zviri pachena ane maoko nyaya. Soltan makamuri vakasasa nemvura tsvene, uye funga kuti kurega. Pakarepo (zvakare, izvozvo pakarepo) chete mufudzikadzi zvakare akaona kumucheto nechekare avanoziva Kupenya uye, mune kutarisira mari mashomanana, vakamhanyira kwaari.

Short upenyu chechi emapuranga

Re-pakuunganidza icon akasasiya mubvunzo kuti kuwanikwa chinhu pfupi ane chishamiso, uye iye Alesandr Soltan, vasanangurwa vaMwari, kuburikidza icho kunoratidzwa. Achida kuratidza pachake vakakodzera yakakwirira kukudzwa kwakadaro, vanokudzwa pakarepo akarayira kuvaka pamupendero yedondo, apo mufudzi akanga Zhirovitskoy mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, chechi yematanda, uye akaisa chavo chitsva tsvene.

Kumucheto musango-vapfumi, kuvaka chinhu refu kana nyaya - kutarisa tenzi haana, zvakadini anyerere namatemo, uye akakurira pakati chechi kupishinura-yakanaka. Asi, munoona, kwete Ishe akaropafadza basa rake - mwedzi isingasviki mitanhatu sezvo rikarova nemheni nokupisa pasi usiku hwose, emapuranga, achiri hwema pamusoro nebwe kuvakwa. Zvino usiku, uye apo vomumusha amuka zapoloshny bhero kusvikira rwakatambanudzwa - Zvokudya chinhu chakasara. Akasara nzvimbo chechi ndiyo chete kusvuta murwi namazimbe.

Wechitatu kutora nenzira inoshamisa

Raiva tsitsi vanhuwo zvavo vainzwa pakushingaira kwavo, uye tenzi wake - rinoreva akaparadzwa zvaparadzwa, asi vakawanda urombo zvose pamusoro kunoshamisa kuvake, iro rinowanikwa akafa nomoto. Its kwete chayali refu kuona sei pakarepo (nokuti nguva ino chinhu chechitatu pakarepo) zvakafanana vana, asi achibva kuchikoro - zvichida XV remakore mumusha Zhirovichi akanga - vakaona pedyo nechechi kupiswa-panze agere paruware Woman kusingaenzaniswi runako, vaita vanoziva mufananidzo maoko.

Pashure pokunzwa nyaya yakanyongana majaya, vomumusha, uyo aidavira kuti vakanga zvakare akashanyirwa kwaMwari, vakamhanyira nzvimbo, musakanganwa kudana kuna mupristi womunharaunda, uyo, akavapindurawo, vakanonga ake baba-Mudhikoni ine mireza ehe mifananidzo. Kazhinji, kuti madota Church I kuenda nomudungwe.

Uye pavakanga zvose vagadzirira chishamiso, asi involuntarily ndakadaro kana ibwe, ndichisvibiswa nokuda chin'ai, pamberi pavo akazviratidza isina kumbobatwa zvachose nemoto Zhirovitskoy mufananidzo Our Lady. Nyaya ingaita hazvidaviriki, asi anoda kusvika matanhatu emakore nokuripisa vachidedera mweya teerera uye kuverenga zvakawanda Zvizvarwa vaKristu Mother Russia, uye asina musoro nyika.

Temberi, iyo akatanga kusikwa wemamongi

Pfungwa akaita musi Aleksandra Soltana Icon patsva kubva madota akaita Phoenix upenyu hwaAbhigairi, akanga akaita thunderbolt. Akabva arayira kuvaka ibwe chechi wake, kutuka nomwoyo wose pachangu nokuti stint wokutanga, uye akavaka chechi yemapuranga kuti saka inokosha zvinoera. Eya, hongu, kureva, sezvamunoziva, inobhadhara kaviri. Akaripirawo navavezi, navavaki, uye avo vakakomborerwa, akavaka ibwe Chechi Dormition, iyo kwazvo akaiswa Zhirovitskoy mufananidzo Amai vaMwari - kaviri uye katatu rakarasika-kuwanikwa.

Pakutanga mashoko XVI remakore akapoteredza chechi vakaumba nzanga yemamongi, ipapo kuva yemamongi. Rhode Soltanov, nokururamisira varombo nenguva akaramba kubudirira munzvimbo iyoyo, uye mumwe wevamiriri vayo akamiririra Jakobho kunyange kumboronga kuvaka ibwe chechi kumonasitiri asi. Zvisinei, ake urongwa havana achaiswa akaziva, sezvo pakati musha remakore Zhirovichi yakapiwa nokuda zvikwereti chikwereti bhenga Isaac Mikhalevich, uye kutengwa chete venhaka zvaJakobho akayambukira nguva yeRoma.

Uniate yemamongi pasi simba

Muna 1605 Zhirovichi zvakare achinja muridzi, zvakava Lithuanian wamambo Ivan Meleshko mumaoko iri nharaunda zvake yemamongi pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa yacho Uniate Church, akachengetedzwa, sezvamunoziva, pakunamata Orthodox, asi kuteerera Vatican. Saka Zhirovitskoy chechi mufananidzo Amai vaMwari kwakaonekwa pamumvuri Roman papa.

Izvi duku saizi mufananidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa vakauya kuna wemamongi Inozivikanwa nokuda kwayo pachena zvishamiso kubudikidza naye. Somuenzaniso, apo Omani Hetman Pavel Sapega mauto eRussia vakakwanisa nokukurumidza zvikuru akundwa mumusha Polonka, ndizvo dzaiva kubudirira kwake somutariri munyengetero Zhirovitskoy mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, riri gavhuna pani verenga pachena pamberi pakurwa June 1660.

Chokwadi ndechokuti, kuti mumatsutso chete gore muPskov Boyar Prince Khovanskiy vakamubvunza kupopotera zvakanaka, akaedza haana kufunga, Chikurukuru, mazana vechinamato vakauya kuzonamata kunoshamisa kuvake, kwete kukanganwa kuti muzadze wemamongi muchivigiro.

A tuore zvakawanikwa muRoma

Zhirovitskaya mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, Photo ari munyaya ino yave mberi mbiri XVIII remakore. Zvino zvakaitika kuti muna 1718 yeRoma bazi yeRoma mumwe mirairo vezvitendero, zvichiita kugadziridza, yakawanikwa pasi paiva nesuko tuore, nevhudzi kuti upamhi chaienzanirana mufananidzo pamusoro Zhirovitskoy kuvake. It rikaporeswa, uye nokukurumidza Wekutanga uchapupu achishandisa vake zvishamiso.

Izvi akaita vamiririri Vatican kubhadhara dzakakomba zvikuru kuteerera icon mumusha Zhirovichi uye papa wacho Chapter - a eDare vafundisi vane episcopal cheya - vakanga vadzidza zvakadzama mazana maviri vakanyoresa kuti zvishamiso ayo. Pahwaro uyu uchapupu Icon vakaziva kunoshamisa uye akaita sarudzo yake kugadzwa. Hungu, makatorike ikoko uye inganzi tsika yakadaro.

Coronation mifananidzo

Mhemberero dzakaitwa Zhirovichi muna September 1730. Hazvina kumboitika kuti musha uyu mwero haana kuona evanhu vakadaro. More pamusoro avaida yakatarwa zuva iye asvika mudungwe matatu Mapilgrim, achiperekedzwa imwe hondo pakati Janissaries, akanga pasi murayiro wamambo Pan Radziwill. Ko basa, kunyange Catholic, asi achiri mhemberero yechiKristu akakwezva vaMuslim - nyaya harinyatsotauri.

Icon of Amai vaMwari Zhirovitskaya ane ukoshi kubva iyoyo yawedzera risingayereki, akanga korona pamberi varume makumi matatu zvina, uye Waiitwa kwemazuva masere kunamata akashanyira mumwe zana namakumi maviri nezviviri. Icon korona mbiri dzendarama takanzi, dzakagadzirirwa muRoma uye vakauya kuna Zhirovichi papa mumiririri. Zviya, mari yose chokuita chokupika ari setsika, uye kwakatevedzana Kupemberera vakatora pamusoro mumiririri amai - chirikadzi mambo Polish Stanisław Radziwill Anna Katarzyna.

Kubva zvino Icon of Amai vaMwari Zhirovitskoy wava mumwe kupfuura airemekedzwa pakati nevaKaturike. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nyasha dzaMwari kutumira pasi kwaari kwete kamwe akanyengetera soro munhu. Saka, muna 1744 zvakananga kuti chinangwa ichi Zhirovichi musha waikudzwa nevanhu rokuenda Mambo Polish August III, uye muna 1784 - wokupedzisira mambo Commonwealth Stanisław August Poniatowski. Chokwadi, akanga aine ukama kunoshamisa kuvake zvakajeka haana kushanda, uye muna 1795 pasi perekedza ane dragoons Russian King akaendeswa Grodno, kwaakanga gwaro chiito abdication.

Dzokai nokuda icon of Church Orthodox

Mukupera thirties zviri XIX remakore kumadokero Russian nharaunda, muitiro pose kudzorerwa chechi hurongwa yokunamata, uye imwe nzvimbo yokutanga pakange akararamazve, aiva musha Zhirovichi. Ndiani aiva naye yemamongi kamwe zvakare akava Orthodox. Sezvo akathist Zhirovitskoy mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, yakavakwa nguva pfupi chiitiko, zvakanga chikatsiviwa ane kujeka veko minyengetero Latin.

Nhamo nevaye XX remakore

Panguva First World War, Grodno yose yakapoteredza nzvimbo iri nechepakati kurwa, uye kuchengetedza yomukatikati zvakanzi kutanga vakatamira muna Moscow Cathedral of Intercession pamusoro parusvingo, uye ipapo muguta remunharaunda Vidnoe, apo makore anoverengeka zvikachenge- yemamongi Catherine.

Nomutauro wake musha, apo aipedza anenge mana nehafu emakore, icon akadzoka muna 1922. Munyika, ipapo Anti-vechitendero nhimbe zvinopindura, uye ngoro yake yakanga hwakazara zvikuru ngozi. Naizvozvo, zvikuru akasvika akakurumbira yemamongi Archimandrite Zhirovicheskogo chitsotsi chinokosha kakasaririra, vakavanda nayo nechirongo Jam.

Kwete chete vakakwanisa kuuya Zhirovichi muhoro mifananidzo, asi nokukurumidza zvemamongi pamusoro Pochaev Dormition Monastery yakaitwa kunyanya nokuda kwake Kyoto, apo akanga yakaramba makore vose vaivapo. Kuvapo vakadaro nerakakurumbira yemamongi mifananidzo vakabatsira kudzorerwa uye rokuvakazve chechi yacho huru - nokufungidzira Cathedral. Muna 1938, pamwe Zhirovitskoy kuvake mudungwe dzaiitwa munyika dzakawanda Western Belarus, umo mari yose wakamutswa kubva mipiro, vakaenda kuita zvakakodzera basa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, pasinei nezvose kushushwa kuti Chechi vakatambura panguva dzakawanda XX remakore, temberi huru Zhirovicheskogo wemamongi ikanyarara outorwa. It mberi nhasi.

Zhirovitskaya cheTheotokos chii anobatsira?

Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu inogona kuwanikwa kunyorera chokugutsikana nhoroondo mabasa ake, zvakawanda zvacho zvishomanana refu kubva mabhuku wemamongi, pamwe rondedzero Chiitiko kuburikidza naye zvishamiso. Kana basa panzvimbo dubious kutaurwa rubatsiro inopiwa icon of Lithuanians ari kurwisana nemauto Russian muna 1660 pasi Polonka pamusoro chii akaudzwa kumusoro, vakawanda zvinyorwa zvinoratidza chishamiso vachirapa akenda minyengetero Amai vaMwari pamberi mufananidzo uyu.

Mubvunzo rakavimbika kwakaoma nokuti mumwe ane pane imwe nguva vakasaina vaipupurirwa zvapupu. Uye kwete chete icon pachahwo kondakita chenyasha dzaMwari, asi kunyange dombo iri iyo yakanga runowanika pedyo nechechi kupiswa-panze. Panyaya iyi, pane pakanyorwa kuti rinotaura sei vashoma zviyo nayo nevaye hwanyanza mukadzi kufa pamuviri, akadzokera kwake upenyu.

Saka, maererano netsika kuti kwakasimbiswa pakati pavagere Western Belarus vakaziva murapi ndonda chaizvoizvo Zhirovitskaya mufananidzo Amai vaMwari. Chii kunyengetera kunze kuwana utano pamberi iyi nzira vakatendeseka? Hapana mubvunzo kuti tsvinda Queen woKudenga haangavi anononoka dzaaitarisira, chii angadai akatanga chikumbiro. The chikuru ndechokuti kana akatarisa kunyange mumvuri yave ndokudzingwa mwoyo achinyengetera mubvunzo omnipotence raMwari dzisingaperi tsitsi Mhandara Yakakomborerwa anotinyengeterera pamberi chake choushe kudenga.