Muparadzi "kudzikama": nhoroondo uye mapikicha

Neshanu chikepe, yakagadzirirwa ne 956 "gora" - muparadzi "kudzikama." NATO, anozivikanwa pasi bumbiro zita Sovremenny Class Muparadzi. Vakaisa nomuparadzi yaiva April 1987, uye kwakatangwa muna June 1990. Zvikepe anobva February 1992.

Start basa

Pachatanga kuvakwa wagara waziva nezvaro kuti ramangwana nemuparadzi "kudzikama" vachashumira 192nd bhurigedhi ngarava pamusoro Pacific Ocean, asi akazopiwa Murayiro mukuru Navy pamusoro kuchinjwa zvikepe kuBaltic Fleet, uye muna 1992, kuti ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika. Zvisinei, kutanga basa rakanga risiri muparadzi kuti risina makore.

Muna August, chikepe sauna akabatwa moto, mumwe murume akanga aurayiwa. Mukuwedzera, mukuru-kakawanda kutigumbura vakapisa radar "Frigate", zvakaparadzwa zvachose nemoto akawanda dzinogarwa uye sehofisi. Uye kunyange zvino chiitiko haana kuguma. Zuva rakatevera, kuzviuraya ndeimwe vafambisi.

Akurumidze mberi!

Muparadzi "kudzikama", saka tuzvikonzero zita raro, akamira kugadziriswa, pashure muna August 1992 hwakatamisirwa kuBaltic Fleet muna 128 Brigade (12th Division chitundumuseremusere ngarava). Zvadaro anombotwasanudza basa, uye muna 1994 akakunda muparadzi-mu-Chief of Navy mubayiro. Gumi anotevedzana mazuva aiva muparadzi "kudzikama" Akaperekedzwa British Queen akashanyira St. Petersburg, yaakanga paakavapa gwaro rukudzo kubva President of Russian Federation.

Pasinei kuitazve zviri munyama apo muparadzi raputika katuriji ari mumuchina dhiramu kana kudzingwa basa, basa mberi zvinobudirira. Muna 1995, dzidziso kare "Baltops-1995", iyo akaita zvakanaka nemuparadzi "kudzikama", kuBaltic Fleet tariro uye rutsigiro. Ipapo akabva kuDenmark nechikepe pamwe US "Taylor" uye Danish "Hvidbornerom" of Kattegat. Next raiva basa yepasi pemvura German, vakabudirira atirari moto. On zvabuda 1995 muparadzi BF "kudzikama" chakawanikwa mukomboni zvakanakisisa chikepe.

dzidziso 1996-1997

Kubudirira gore rakapera akaita flagship munhu muparadzi pamusoro dzidziso "Baltops-96." Sechikamu Naval wavanozvisunga boka nemuparadzi "kudzikama", mufananidzo uko kunomiririrwa pano, akaita dzakaunganidzwa Pamakafamba, kurovedza yaiitwa mukutsigira Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika boka, ipapo kudzivirira, yakanga yarova nomwe kunangwa-zvombo. Maererano zvabuda akamuka mubayiro nokuda Chief of Navy atirari gadziriro.

Gore rakatevera, dzidziso akatanga muna June, apo muparadzi "kudzikama" (mufananidzo kubva pachiitwa ichi zvakare anonakidza) vakashanda pamwe yepasi pemvura Polish chikamu matatu makuru Zvikamu zviri kurovedza. Maererano Anti-ndege uye atirari gadziriro akatora nzvimbo yokutanga Navy pakupera kwegore. Kuti zhizha eksadrenny muparadzi akashanyira Kiel, Plymouth, Zeebrugge, Den Helder, vakapfuura zviuru zvitatu nautical mamaira. Uye pashure achava-mwedzi miviri kugadziriswa (fekitari "Amber").

dzidziso 1999-2001

Muna May 1999, muparadzi yaiva Stockholm, iye apo pakutanga aishanda kununura muviri, pamwe chete yeSweden, ipapo akazarura karwendo mwaka, umo chikepe akashanyirwa vanhu vanoda kusvika zviuru zvitatu, inotungamirwa Defense Minister Björn of Sydow. NATO kenya muYugoslavia chaitadzisa kuita mimwe zvirongwa, saka Germany, Denmark uye Poland, "kudzikama" nguva ino mukasaatarira.

Muna October, mungarava vakashanyira President wenyika Belarus, ngarava muchirongwa chokupika chombo firings. Muna 2001, yakaitirwa zvakare kurovedza "Baltops" apo "kudzikama", muparadzi akaberekwa muna 1990, kwave kamwe zvakare akahwina pakutanga, zvakanakisisa kurova zvemuchadenga kushungurudza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Russian Navy chikepe ndiro yechitatu dangwe, vakura keriya chete ndege "Admiral Ushakov" uye muparadzi "kutsungirira".

kukwegura

Spring 2004 akapa vashandi vake rudo yokutanga bhero: kana muparadzi kugungwa, akarasikirwa kukurumidza pakarepo uye aifanira kuidzora iwo. nguva ino, chikwata chaparadza akadzorera hwokugadzira unoda chikepe, uye ipapo kuenda kugungwa kusvikira 2009 (pane mashoko akasiyana, pane ruzivo kuti yokupedzisira yaiva fung 2007).

Nomuparadzi pose vakaperekedza atirari moto uye nguva dzose zvichibudirira. Kunyange zvakadaro, chisarudzo chakaitwa, nomuparadzi "kudzikama" akanyorwa kure weboka womubati kurayira. Main injini naye Kutamiswa "rinopikisa" sezvo akanga ari flagship pamusoro kukasaitwa muviri uye varwire Europe.

guhwa

In wokudhinda 2012 uye 2013 vazhinji rakabudiswa zvose zvemarudzi unverified mashoko, akati kunyange kutanga basa musi kudzorerwa muchikepe - kubva electromechanical uye aidzidzisa midziyo kuti chombo uye atirari zvombo uye kukurukurirana midziyo, netariro yokuti 2015 uchamukazve kuitira Muparadzi "kudzikama "iro kupedza ndiwedzere.

Zvisinei, pari, muparadzi iri kudzidzisa chikepe munhu mira, iyo inodzidzisa vashandi zvizhinji wakakomborerwa uye zvikuru ano zvikepe kuBaltic Fleet. Kunyange mukuru boka zvemagetsi ne "unotambudza" anosimudza zvinodiwa panorumwe - kumhanya - zvikepe, izvo seconded, uye kumba zvaanorayira Kurovedza wengarava vashandi mabasa yose kuBaltic Fleet.

kupinduka

Pano ndizvo nhasi nemuparadzi "kudzikama": 620 - bhodhi nhamba. Iye anomira ari dhoku pakati kuBaltic Shipyard "Yantar" uye riri pasi kutendeuka. Chii? Kushandurwa ichi. Housing zvichaitwa chisimbiso, kuti kukwanisa kubata yerera pasina zhinji vashandi zvachose.

Muparadzi "kudzikama 620" (mapikicha dzinoturwa munyaya), isina miseve uye propellers, anochengetwa yechitema, dzimwe nguva uchava dhoku. Chii chichaitika inotevera? Pane kufungidzira kuti achava miziyamu chimedu.

dambudziko

Tarisiro ramangwana haachaoni. Kwenguva refu hazvipindi kugungwa nemuparadzi "kudzikama 620". Mufananidzo pamusoro inoratidza mimhanzi yaunonyanya chando chengarava uye tambo, izvo, vaiita nokusingaperi Muparadzi vakasungira chikepe pasi.

Kunyange zvakadaro, vashandi vemo, kunyange kutapudzwa, pamusoro payo achiri anoshanda mangwanani anomuka mureza uye Jack. Pane nguva dzose yakachena, uye yoku- pendi. Saka chikepe muparadzi ane unyanzvi kuchengeterwa, uye kana pakarepo nayo kunodiwa kuti uchakwanisa kudzokera basa.

Baltiysk

Muparadzi "kudzikama" hakusi chaizvo panguva zororo, izvozvo zvaizopesana zita rayo. Zvinonzi ashanyirwa venhau uye kunyange bloggers. Shanyira yehondo - a mufaro mukuru, iro rikawira veHurumende vanhu havana kudaro kakawanda. Mumwe revashanyi, vakarongwa neShumiro Defence, wakayambirwa chete muparadzi "kudzikama", mushumo kushanya nechido chikuru verenga zviuru zvizhinji zvevanhu.

Nechigadziko, iyo yakarongwa muparadzi, riri mu Kaliningrad, uye kunyange zvakawanda zvazviri - mu kuBaltic uye ndiyo inonyanya yokumadokero guta nyika. Kusvikira 1946, iye ainzi Pillau, uye pokugara chawo German wengarava, rave dzichiitika anenge ose German yepasi pemvura rengarava. Zvino ndiwo Russian Navy nechigadziko, inova huru muGungwa reBaltic.

Kuti saha bloggers

chechitatu-chizvarwa nemuparadzi - "kudzikama" - akakwazisa vaenzi zvinodziya. Vakanga wakavigira karwendo, kwavakadzidza kuti yokutanga chikepe dzino - "Modern" - yakatanga kufamba muna 1981 uye pakupedzisira mumwe - muna 1992. Makumi-maviri chikepe dzateyiwa, ikozvino mune pfumbamwe chete, kusanganisira vana rokugadzirisa kana kuchengeterwa se "kudzikama."

Last mbudo kugungwa yakaitwa anenge matatu apfuura zvino - uye dura tarisiro kana vakaronga yokuzvigadzirisa kana upgrades. Pasinei nokuti chikepe zvino ari kuchengeterwa, haana kurega kuva dzakazara kurwisa Unit, iro rine diki asi chikwata. Muchikepe "kudzikama," sokunge nemauto kukunda, chichipenya nyeredzi huru nhatu. Izvi zvinoreva yakanyura zvikepe muvengi, uye mibayiro kubva mukuru mukuru.

hwokugadzira

Ship kureba - 156,5 metres, zviri vanopfuura hafu Kureba nhabvu munda, uye upamhi "kudzikama" - 17 mamita. Matatu zuva muparadzi angatsika pamakungwa autonomously - pasina kupinda zvengarava nezvokudya, mvura uye peturu. A pamusoro nokukurumidza anenge makumi matanhatu namaviri makiromita paawa (33.4 change).

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti rimwe, asi chikanganiso chikuru Vavaki vengarava dzedu mumwe mudziyo zvakagadzirwa rwakazara ndiyo kusarudzwa kugadzwa bhaira uye turbine. Gas turbine chirimwa, uti, zvaizova nani. Zvisinei, munzvimbo iyi, "kudzikama" dzimwe nguva zviri nani uye simba kupfuura vose munyika analogues. Pasina mhepo pabutiro muparadzi chirongwa mushure kuneta vose Anti-chikepe zvombo achava tenzi zvinhu pamusoro chero pose chikepe, ose nyika uye kumarudzi ose.

nezvombo

Chaizvo nomuparadzi maoko: maviri "Hurricane" (Anti-ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa mugadziriro), izvo zvinogona yakarova kunangwa mumhepo pane imwe kukwira anosvika gumi makiromita; majoko mbiri nokukurumidza-kwepfuti (130 millimeters caliber) kuti "akasvipira mumwe" matani simbi matanhatu paminiti imwe; nhanhatu-barreled otomatiki tridtsatimillimetrovye atirari vezvikwata zviri uwandu zvidimbu zvina (AK-630M) ... Vakaona vanoti bara ake okupedzisira akacheka simbi akafanana ruomba.

Asi panewo Anti-chikepe zvombo. Izvi maviri zvina chitundumuseremusere launchers "Mosquito" (zana nemakumi manomwe makiromita - uchishandisa range). Chakajeka rwendo zvombo ne 99% yakarurama raparadza zvose pamusoro huru kunyange apo aimira-mira chipingaidzo. Kubva nokutyisidzirwa mvura ine yokuzvidzivirira muparadzi. Ava majoko maviri Avangard sepombi, bombomota vaviri zvitundumuseremusere, zvangu njanji marongedzero mechidziro. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti chero rakananga duel pamwe muvengi warship muparadzi "kudzikama" Win, kunyange kusanganisira warships America - chinovawana, chizvarwa chechina.

ndiani pano

In yorunyararo, vashandi vemo vari nomuparadzi shoma - vanhu 296 chete, asi muchiuto, nhamba iyi yakawedzera kusvika 358, kusanganisira mapurisa 25 uye 48 warandi vatariri. The vamwe chikwata - vezvikepe, zuva nomusoro. Kwete nokuti chinhu chakaipa. Just dzakawanda vanhu muchiuto, kuti ndiro gore, sezvakanga varwi vari Army. Munguva Soviet zvikepe zvakanga kunyange vaviri, asi zvose makore matatu. Uye zvakanga zvakanaka.

Year inobhururuka nokukurumidza, uye vanachiremba vakadzidziswa nokukurumidza chaizvo. Modern zvikepe, kunyanya uto kunzwisisa zvazviri. Kunyange unyanzvi chaizvo jaya haawanzotauri nguva kudzidza zvaunofanira kuita kunobva demobilization. Military dzakagadzirirwa sanyanya vawana. Kutsvaga vezvikepe iri chibvumirano hwaro. Sei, Somuenzaniso, chakasungirirwa pedyo musoja "Yaroslav vachenjeri", uyo anogara anoenda gungwa.

zviroto

Kana, zvisinei, pasinei tariro Zvaifungidzirwa, "kudzikama" achaenda upgrading, ipapo dambudziko iri vachanyangarika nokuti vashandi kuchaita mukwanisi ari nyanzvi mudonzvo. Kunyange zvakadaro, ngarava inoshamisa sei vashumiri vazhinji, mapurezidhendi ndakadana iye mungarava, kunyange Mambokadzi England uye Prints Kuvshinov, Duke pamusoro Edinburgh vakasiya siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu avo mubhuku anokudzwa vakokwa.

Unodziya wardroom akabata matkamuistoja zhinji uye vemarudzi ose zvishongo, nhaka yakaisvonaka chikwata muparadzi "kudzikama." Ngarava iyi yaigona kunzi kunozivikanwa: dzakawanda zviitiko zvaitika muupenyu hwake, pane chinhu kuyeuka, uye ndinokuudzai ndipo. Uye akatevedzana asingakanganwiki vatambi, sezvinoita mvura kudzikama "kudzikama" wakaderera unflappable chikepe katsi, ane zita Tyoma.