Bakatwa Roman "Gladius": nhoroondo uye rondedzero chombo

Maererano nenhau dzakaitika, muprista pamwero kudzidzisa, logistics vakakwana uye nzira legionaries hweRoma. Zvakafanana inokosha kubudirira dzakawanda rutsigiro rwemauto Roma yekare rakanga rakanaka zvokushandisa wehondo yake. Chimwe ndicho apo zvombo, iro vashandi vashandi vayo, bakatwa muRoma.

kugadzira michina

munondo Roman, zvichienzaniswa chete Celtic, runoonekwa kuva yakasimba. Panguva nokuchengetedza akabvumirana dzose nemitemo blacksmithing: rinoumba simbi homogenized kushandisa multi-rukoko spacing uye kuomesa. Mhizha vaishandisawo nzira yezororo.

zvinhu

mhizha Ancient mubasa pagadzirwe siyana chombo kuboora-achicheka, aiva pfungwa zvakajeka chii chinofanira kuva unhu bakatwa Roman. Mukuona kwavo, kwakadai chombo anofanira kuva nyoro chinoumba uye kuva nesimba pamusoro kunze. Nokuti mupfuri ichi Roman rinoumba simbi inoshandiswa: nayo rinoumbwa zvakaoma uye akapfava mamakisi. Nounyanzvi Kuunganidzwa siyana simbi rinoparadza uye rakatumbuka pavo softness neukukutu, tenzi pakupedzisira kusika yakakwirira chaizvo unhu bakatwa Roman. Mufananidzo pazasi ndiyo muitiro pakugadzira zvombo rekare nhasi.

Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zviri kugadzirwa tsamwisa zvombo?

In blacksmithing Roman Empire kushaisa kusachinja-chinja. Izvi imhaka yokuti tenzi dzaisava zvinokosha ruzivo uye vaitungamirirwa kunyanya nokuda empirical zvaanorumbidza. Nokuchengetedza muitiro pakutanga munguva yedu haina kusanganisira zvinhu engineering.

Asi, pasinei vakawandisa vakaramba zvigadzirwa, mhizha Roma yekare yakabereka yakakwirira chaizvo unhu minondo ivhu. Pashure pokuwa Empire michina naro munondo Roman zvakasikwa, rakachengetedzwa vakagamuchirwa nemamwe marudzi uye kushandiswa kwenguva refu.

"Gladius": nhoroondo

"Gladius" - yakakurumbira inifanduri munondo chamambo Tibheriyo. Kushandisa masoja hweRoma aiva nomunondo III. BC. e.

Dzimwe nguva anonzi "Gladius wokuMainz" (guta muGermany, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo of chombo).

Mhedziso kuti anotarisa somunondo Roman, kwakatungamirira matongo basa rinoitwa munharaunda.

Negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore pamusoro munharaunda wokuMainz kunze nokuiswa pechiteshi. Panguva basa zvakava pachena kuti njanji akaitwa munharaunda yakavigwa munyika yekare yeRoma echiuto. Panguva kupikidura yakawanikwa munondo ora ari mumuhara zvinodhura.

zvinoitwa

Ngatitore Kunyatsoziva dzinokosha maitiro zvombo izvi:

• Chipande kureba 57,5 cm;
• upamhi - 7 cm;
• ukobvu - 40 mm;
• Saizi munondo - 70 cm;
• uremu - 8 makirogiramu.

Zvinoita sezvinoita bakatwa Roman?

The Photo pazasi zvinoratidza zviri kwokunze akaitwa tsamwisa zvombo.

chigadzirwa iri vakapakata reza unocheka mativi uye Akazadzisa rumbabvu. Pedyo zvikuru kuchengetwa zvishoma nezvishoma aienda pamusoro chipande. Mubato ine ribbed chimiro uye rinosanganisira rinokosha rusesi nokuda minwe, chinopa mukana uye yakachengeteka kunhaka zvombo panguva iyoyi. Wandisa idenderedzwa pommel, riri pamusoro mubato, rinoshandiswa kutsigira kana murwi kudhonzwa kubva chipasa mumuviri anokumhan'arira wacho.

Hemispherical flattened laterally murindi kunodzivisa zvinogoneka slippage maoko apo kusundira. Munondo "Gladius" chine kuti yose uremu riri pedo mubato. Izvi zvaiita kuti atarisire Masoja eRoma nyore panguva fence ake. "Gladius" - chombo inoshanda chaizvo kana kusundira uye kucheka kurwisa.

Kuti rinomiririrwa pasi mumuhara?

Vezvenhau vanoti "Gladius" bakatwa shoma. Muridzi chombo anoonekwa kuti mumwe vatungamiri dzimwe vatambi, kwete Tibheriyo. Asi chigadzirwa zita akagara naye nekuda mumuhara, iyo unogara pachigaro cheushe reRoma vakanga anofananidzirwa muvambi - Kesari Oktavian Avgust uye Tibheriyo, vakapfeka dzokurwa. Kuwedzera vatongi hweRoma, pamusoro mumuhara anofananidzirwa mwari hondo Mars uye mwarikadzi kukunda Victoria, uyo mungano yechiGiriki raiva zita Nick. In pakati mumuhara muchimiro zvishongo rwakapoteredza bheji pamwe mufananidzo Tibheriyo izvozvo yaiva. Pasi payo - wemaoresa amatare muchimiro ane welaurel chishongo.

How kupfeka minondo muUmambo hweRoma?

Kushandisa minondo mumuhara akashongedzerwa chaizvo zvindori izvo zvakabatanidzwa kugadzira yakanaka welaurel mapazi kutevedzera korona. minondo Roman kubva Masoja eRoma zvakabatanidzwa kurudyi, uye vepamusoro uye vamauto - kurutivi rworuboshwe.

Kubvira 1866, munondo Roman "Gladius" muBritish Museum.