The Constitution pamusoro Japan: mutemo inokosha asina yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita

Modern Bumbiro Japanese kunokonzerwa pokukundwa hurumende iri Second World War. The chikuru chepfungwa Japanese mutemo inokosha ndiko kuti munhoroondo yose ivepo hazvina kuitwa chimwe kunatsiridza. Asati kuitwa gwaro kumuitira dzinonzi meydziyskaya remitemo munyika. Nyaya ino achapiwa tikaenzanisa zvatinopiwa magwaro vose.

The Constitution pamusoro Japan 1889

Meydziyskuyu Constitution hauitirwi muna 1889, uye muna 1890 nayo vapinda nechisimba. Its chikuru mbuva ndeinotevera:

• changamire runobva kuna mambo;
• zvose nemhando simba zviri wenharaunda yaitongwa mambo;
• kodzero uye rusununguko unozvipiwa vokuJapan mambo;
• Utongi Mumwe ari pamwe redundancy mutemo;
• zvemitemo, matare uye okutarisira zviremera mukwanisi mukuru simba chamambo.

Zita vokuJapan Constitution iri nekuyanana pakati Kesari uye akarurama-democratic mauto. Kushandisa mutemo uyu inokosha kwaienderana maduramazwi nhoroondo ezvinhu. Saka, pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, bumbiro iri akwanise pokugadzwa namambo yeparamende. Asi pashure 1929, Japan yakatowedzera zvivako zvechiuto, izvo yekudyidzana rakachinja kududzirwa bumbiro inorondedzerwa.

The Constitution pamusoro Japan 1947

Nguva pfupi pashure Kuregwa Japan, kwasvika somugumisiro kukundwa kwayo muHondo Yenyika II, akatanga kugadzirira kuitwa mutemo mutsva zvinokosha, izvo akapfuura aidzorwa mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany (US, UK, China, uye USSR). chikuru kudiwa yavo yakanga kuti hurumende Japanese kubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvose kupararira kwakaita democratic dzemitemo.

Saka pari Bumbiro Japan inobva zvitatu:

• uchangamire vanhu;
• Pacifism (renunciation hondo);
• kuremekedzwa inokosha kodzero dzevanhu.

nhungamiro izvi zvakanyorwa Okutanga inokosha mutemo kumabvazuva kunyika. Panguva iyoyowo, remitemo Japan chinokurwadzai nharo pamusoro ukama chamambo chinzvimbo uye nheyo changamire. Kutaura zvazviri, mambo haana enyika chaiyo simba, uye chiratidzo kubatana Japan uye vanhu vayo mupenyu. Mukuwedzera, Mhedziso kurambwa emauto chiito asina muenzaniso mune emitemo dzimwe nyika. Uye panguva iyoyo pane kupokana pakati 9 fung nyaya reMitemo uye kuzvidzivirira mauto munyika. De facto, akati nyaya haisi kutevedzera, nokuti nyika ine uto nokururamisira simba.

Pasinei nokuti chipo remitemo haana rakachinjwa, mauto sunungukei-democratic vachiri kuda dzika navo. Ruzhinji richaitirwa yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita chokuita zvechiuto kweJapan. Zvikurukuru, Japanese kudzivirira simba akakumbira kufona mauto rakashama. Mukuwedzera, mambo wacho urongwa Nezvenzvimbo kwete chete sechiratidzo asi ave musoro wehurumende. No kukosha ndiyo mukana vakadzi kutora pambiru mambo. Maererano magweta vanofanira kuwedzera kodzero dzevanhu. Izvi zvinoreva kodzero yekuvanzika, nokukudzwa uye chiremera, uyewo kugamuchira mashoko.