Chii yakanakisisa murwi munyika? The yakanakisisa murwi munyika pamusoro 10

Sezvo Second World War, uye zvingangodaro kuti panguva yokurwisana nezvombo yokutanga, dzakadai hondo muSpain shona akava pachena kuramba basa Zvaizobuda kurwa ndege. Air ukuru anosarudza kubudirira. Paivawo Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iran uye Iraq, kuMiddle East, Iraq zvakare, uye vamwe kurwisana vakawanda, vakaona kukosha ndege muhondo. Pasina kukwanisa zvinobudirira akakuitira zviito kurwisa uye bhomba ndege muvengi hapana mukana kuhwina. Uye kuti tinofanira uye achishandisa kudzivirira, uye kunyanya mhando ndege, vane nhamba chaiyo unhu, hwakadai nokukurumidza, maneuverability uye vakaderera munjodzi.

Ideas chii chinofanira kuva chakanakisisa murwi, Ndachinja. Musi metamorphosis kwaiita mauto michina sei uye hwava ruzivo, uye ruzivo vakawana vachikanganisa chibayiro chikuru.

The thirties uye forties, paraiitwa murwi sikuruu

In Spain, denga iri zvakanaka zvakava ndege Soviet I-16. Muna 1936, kwakanga, zvichida, yakanaka murwi munyika. Its patani Polikarpov Bureau mainjiniya akashandisa ichangobva zvekushandisa zvinogadzirisa, echimurenga kuti nguva yaro. Rakanga wokutanga kugadzirwa wokuenzanisira pamwe retractable kumhara giya, simba injini uye chombo (kusanganisira mukana rokugadza rakanga unguided zvombo). Asi kwaizoita "Chatos" ( "nehanya-vampire.face" - saka rainzi Republicans kuti bhoneti Profile) haana kugara kwenguva refu. Mudenga yakaonekwa German "Messerschmitt-109", izvo panguva Second World War akanga pasi okunatsiridza wandei. Kukwikwidzana naye kwaingova ndege shoma, zvakafanana mugiredhi uye injini simba, pakati waiva Chirungu "Spitfire" uye vakava zvishoma kwapera American "Mustang".

Asi zvose hunoshamisa hwokuvaka unhu, zvakaoma chaizvo kuwana misoro bvunzo kuti uone nzira yakanaka ndege. Fighter, zvinoitika, anogona kuva akasiyana, uye unofanira kuongorora izvozvo nenzira dzakawanda.

Vamakumi mashanu, Korea

Munguva yepashure pehondo, pamwe veMubatanidzwa ndege injini kwakaratidza kutanga kumarudzi evadzimi. Chokutanga izvi angasanganisira kwokutanga kukura mainjiniya munyika yose, vakatanga kare nemakore forties. Nokuti isu yaiva third-9, pamusoro parameters chete yabva "Messerschmitt-262". Nechekare munguva yeHondo yekuKorea , vekuAmerica dzakavhiringika nokuda risingafadzi kushamiswa navo.

Swift, chitsidzo uye kwazvo maneuverable third-15 yakapwanyika zvinoita hauzununguki simba US Strategic Air Command. Kubva nguva iyi anobva chizvarwa chechipiri. Zvino yaiva yakanaka murwi munyika, uye zvakatora nguva kuti ndimuvakire kukodzera anokumhan'arira, razova chinhu "Saber".

Sixties, Vietnam uye kuMiddle East

Zvino paiva Vietnam War. Mudenga, rakatenderedzwa mu "Imbwa achirwira" mbiri upenyu anokumhan'arira, "Phantom" uye third-21. jets Ndivo zvakasiyana chaizvo, zvose kukura uye uremu, uye mwero chombo. American F-4 pachikero kaviri sekuda interceptor eSoviet zvishoma maneuverable, asi ane mikana anoverengeka ranged kurwa.

Kusarudza ndoupi akanaka murwi akarwa Vietnamese denga, zvakaoma, asi yose mamakisi akanga achitsigira third. Zvinofanira kufunga chokwadi kuti mune akafanana mitengo, ndege Soviet yaiita zvikuru (dzimwe nguva) isingadhuri, uyezve, panyaya zvisingafadzi. mugumisiro hondo vokuAmerica akarasikirwa vezvikepe maviri panzvimbo imwe. Vaviri ndege izvi vanotova parudzi rwechitatu ndege. Zvichakadai, mberi mberi interceptors vari uchingoti tinyanye inoomesera zvinodiwa.

Rudzi rwechina, sezvo manonwe

Kubvira 1970, kukura Ndege ndege indasitiri aenda pamusoro pemitsara itsva huru. Avionics ava kwete chombo kubatsira mutyairi mune Detective vavengi uye nekugadzirisa matambudziko kufamba mugungwa, iye akatora dzinoverengeka management mabasa. It rava chinokosha mwero maonero ari ndege kuti muvengi radar. Change Kurongwa injini uye vaise Vector akatanga kuchinja kuti zvakaita zvikuru redefine agility. Kusarudza ndoupi akanaka murwi ndohwaJehovha wechina Zera, kwete saka nyore maonero panyaya iyi zvakapatsanurwa. The US F-15 ane vatsigiri vayo, kunyanya munyika dzokuMadokero, uye vane nharo dzavo, akawanda ndiko kubudirira unyanzvi kuhondo Kushandiswa "Eagle". Vamwe vanodavira kuti rudzi rwechina yakanakisisa murwi munyika - mashoko Su-27 Russian-yakaitwa.

Nezvizvarwa

Generation jeti interceptors vanoparadzaniswa mumwe musi anoverengeka chikonzero: pamusoro pokumuka nguva, bapiro chimiro uye mhando mashoko saturation nevamwe nzira, asi mutsauko wakajeka rinoteurwa pakati pavo hakusi nyore nguva dzose, zvichiri ndokunge. Somuenzaniso, yakadzika nadzurudzo third-21 sezvo ayo zvakawedzerwa maitiro, rinogona kunzi anenge kuchizvarwa chechina ndege anongoda zvose zviratidzi yetsiva kushanda.

Nhungamiro zvakagadzirwa pfungwa

Interceptors ndivo rudzi wechishanu zvino zvinoumba hwaro Air Force kweRussia uye dzimwe yemazuva ano mazhinji nyika. Vanokwanisa kuita zvakasiyana-siyana kuhondo mishoni, kuti adzivirire airspace kunyika dzavo, vari inotengeswa yechinangwa nemauto-michina pamwe kune Strategic Partners. Asi basa iri mabasa itsva chinoramba. Advanced ano ndege michina ivhu vane zvimwe zvinhu kusiyanisa kubva zvavo vamutangira, izvo zvinopa chikonzero chokudavira kuti dzoro nechekare chizvarwa wechishanu. mamiriro ayo anosanganisira kamari radar maonero, chinoratidzwa mukuedza kubvisa marudzi ose zvombo, vasati akaisa pamusoro kwokunze mutoro uye mabikirwo radar rokutora hukawanika, tora nechiedza ruoko vokuAmerica rinonzi "namano." Uyezve, vose matsva kubudirira mune avhiyesheni injini, zvidzoreso uye kuzvidzora hurongwa uye pfungwa kuti ndege ndohwaJehovha ichangobva chizvarwa. Chimwe chikumbiro inokosha magadzirirwe zvinoumba zvinhu, izvo zvinoderedza uremu, uye zvakare, anomutsa chengetedza. Paro vanofanira kuva nhasi ndizvo zvakanakisisa murwi munyika. Photos of kucherechedzwa ndege iyi, fuselage chimiro uye zvakawanda chisina kutsetseka ndege, injini siya ingatotadza mhute muhwezva uye mokugezera ane kumbonyanya yakakwirira angled pangava kutenderera.

"Raptor"

Chimwe chinhu ivo vaguely yakafanana, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda marongerwo diagrams, uye michina parameters rechishanu-chizvarwa interceptors ndege yakasiyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira pakutanga "Raptor" F-22. Nyanzvi, kunyanya American, tenda kuti ndiyo - yakanakisisa murwi munyika. Huru nharo vachida maonero ichi ndicho chokwadi chokuti "Raptor" - zvenyika chete guru-yakabereka vachigamuchira muchina chaienzanirana zvinodiwa yechishanu-chizvarwa interceptor. All zvimwe zvakafanana yokutevedzera, kusanganisira Russia, vari pasi kukura uye kunatsiridzwa. Pane chinhu chinokosha, vachibvumira nechokwadi yakarurama siyana zvakadai. Chokwadi chokuti F-22 kumbobvira vaiitawo mukurwa, uye sei zvichaita kuzvibata chaiyo yekurwira haizivikanwi. Pane imwe nguva, kuti American nemauto-maindasitiri kunzwisisa zvinowanzodavirwa kuzoona namano bhomba B-2, uye ipapo Zvakazoitika kuti kunyange yechinyakare radars Soviet, iyo chombo wehondo Yugoslavia, unogona kuona izvozvo.

Uye sezvo tine?

MuRussia, Chokwadi, regai kusiya pasina pfungwa US oedza kuzadzisa rechiuto hegemony. Tinoronga kusika ndege kuti anogona kukwikwidzana pamwe zvemberi interceptor zvinogona muvengi. urongwa hwake "kupfeka bapiro" shure muna 2005, asi zvinetso kwakatadzisa kunyanya zvoupfumi. Munyika dzakabudirira, kusikwa zvakafanana mharidzo uye kuisa pamusoro pepuranga kazhinji anotora rimwe nehafu emakore, uye mashoko panotaurwa Sukhoi akagamuchira muna 1999. Simple Masvomhu zvinoratidza kuti zuva apo Russian Air Force achagamuchira yakanaka murwi munyika, - 2014 kana 2015.

On inozivikanwa zvishoma. Vakadana chirongwa haisi ndege kana interceptor uye kunzwisisa tactical avhiyesheni. (PAKFA - "P" anomirira maonero, "A" - Aviation, vamwe tautology Aircraft forgivable) yasimuka Weight -. Vangasvika 20 matani, sapamazuva US F-22 uye harisati vagamuchira zvombo F-35. Tactical zvatariswa kubvumira kushandisa motokari duku CPA, ndikarangarira duku radiozametnosti rwokugadzira. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvemagetsi midziyo - kupfuura akura. Kunenge kuti iyi ichava yakanaka murwi munyika. T-50 - mumwe zita PAKFA papuratifomu, zvinokwanisika kuti Codes izvi zvinoshanda kupa nzira dzekare notation "Su" nevamwe nhamba.

China

Chinese shamwari dzedu kwenguva refu nguva hazvisi kunetsa basa nekukudziridza pachako ndege yayo. Kazhinji China akasarudza zvakanaka womuenzaniso Soviet, akagashira mukurumbira wakanaka, akatenga hwokugadzira mapepa zvinoberekwa warwo indekisi, raiumbwa tsamba Y (nokuti vanhuwo zvavo) kana J (nokuti mauto) uye nhamba. Zvisinei, upfumi tiguu wekupedzisira emakore, akachinja China munyika yezvisikwa Studio, kusundwa vanhu avhiyesheni indasitiri kutanga uri woga zvirongwa. Zvichida, J-10 uye kwete yakanakisisa murwi munyika, asi zvose anozivikanwa TTD ndege iyi akati kuti ndiye muchina vava kuda IV uye V kumarudzi zvingangoita kwohumwe nadzurudzo. Mutongo mukuru gungano vanoronga (deltoid "Dhadha" pasina chaiwo muswe) chepakutanga anotaura kunonyatsopupurira, kuti nguva iyi Chinese vagadziri ndege makaita pasina zvokunze zvikwereti, achiratidza yayo kusvika.

Top raparadza paredhi

Nhoroondo yenyika avhiyesheni akapfuma chete kunoshamisa kubudirira. Kungoona enumeration pamusoro interceptor ndege, iyo yakava Nyanzvi engineering, achatora nzvimbo rakawandisa. How kusarudza zvakanaka murwi? Pakati inobudirira mienzaniso hatigoni kukanganwa pamusoro La-5 uye La-7, "Cobra", iro akarwa I. N. Kozhedub uye AI Pokryshkin, French "Mirage", Swedish "Saab", Chirungu "Mheni" uye dzimwe motokari simba uye yakanaka yakawanda. The basa rakaoma nokuti pasinei akakwana ari kurwisa ndege, izvozvo inenge nguva aiva akakodzera mupikisi. Naizvozvo, munhu zvimiso Rating chezvishamiso zvikuru interceptor musoro wekutaura nomwe:

1. "Messerschmitt-109" uye "Spitfire". MuHondo Yenyika II, ndege Soviet zvakanga zvakanaka, asi ivo vasina michini simba, saka vakanga vabuda pamusoro pamazita.
2. Third-15 "Saber" F-86. Vane zvakawanda navoyevat pamwe chete mu Korea.
3. "Phantom" F-4-21 uye third. Vietnam, kuMiddle East uye dzimwe kurwisana kwemauto akanongedza uye zvaasingagoni ava ndege dzakasiyana.
4. «Eagle» F-15 kuzorwa Su-27. "Eagle" ane mukurumbira wakanaka kwazvo nokuda kwayo kubudirira kushanda mune dzemitambo ano. "Dry" hakusi muduku kwaari kupfuura hwokugadzira uye tactical kuita, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko inopfuura, asi kurwa ruzivo hazvina kukwana kuti kukunda kwakakwana muna makwikwi kuti zita "yakanakisisa murwi munyika." 2014 kwakaratidza kuitwa yeRussian Air Force rwisana zviumbu dhazeni Su-35s, izvo chaizvo modernized shanduro Su-27.
5. T-50 "Raptor". Vavengi, sokuti zvikuru vakadzikama. Zvingava nani kudai havana rwakavapo mhepo hondo, asi kana izvi zvinoitika munguva yemberi, kune mukuru mukana kuti motokari yedu hauzokundikani.

Chii chichava yakanaka murwi munyika remakore rechi21? Tinogona chete zvokufungidzira chii pfungwa itsva kuuya mainjiniya, ndege ramangwana. A remakore chete uchangotanga, uye zvinoratidza zvose, zvichava dutu ...