Kunyangarika ounyanzvi hwokugadzira: zita

Chii chinonzi basa mungozi? Chii unyanzvi aenda zvachose munhau, zvimwe vava kuda kutsakatika, uye izvo chete simuka - ichi nyaya ino.

Nei vamwe mabasa inonyangarika

Muzana remakore rechi21, vanhu iri kukura nokukurumidza. Izvi anochinja chimiro nemisha, itsva uye maguta iripo varikukura yokutsanya, nzira ano upenyu anoberekwa. The rakakura inogadzirwa dzimba vakatsiva dzevanhu basa zvoga marobhoti, zvimwe vave yachinjwa mhiri Kuzivikanwa sezvo zvichienzaniswa okupedzisira remakore uye kunyange kubva gumi adarika, zvakasiyana uye anoita uende yokukanganwa. Panyaya iyi, pfungwa "kunyangarika basa." About navo, isu hunonyatsodonongodza pazasi.

Pamwe chete kuchinja chokwadi ndiwo nhoroondo mazita ounyanzvi hwokugadzira zhinji. Vamwe nyore kuchinja zita raro kuti wakasiyana rokuti, asi kune vaya kurega zvachose kuvapo. Vamiririri avo haangaiti kusangana pamusoro mashoko mumugwagwa anogona kuwanikwa nhoroondo archive uone - kunze mafirimu kana mitambo kugadzirwa.

Ounyanzvi hwokugadzira dzisiri

Ichidzikira ounyanzvi hwokugadzira havachisiri akakodzera. Nokuda kukurumidza kukura sayenzi muitiro zvimwe unyanzvi havachavimbi nemusoro. Michina kutsiva maoko evanhu uye kutsungirira kusvika rwokugadzira zvose zvikuru nokukurumidza uye zvakanyanya. Kushandisa michina ine pezvakaitwa zhinji yekudyidzana kunoderedza mari inoshandiswa uye panguva imwecheteyo anowedzera negoho upi kwacho. Serious nemigumisiro yakaipa kuva kurasikirwa nebasa, urovha, sezvinoita mugumisiro - impoverishment chavagari uye kuwedzera zvemagariro kusawirirana munyika. Naizvozvo, hurumende zvino anoisa yakawanda nesimba kuitira kuti munhu wose anogona kuwana kuhupenyu magetsi chokwadi basa. Mumwe kunokosha kudzidza uye vawane unyanzvi munzvimbo dzinoda vanhu.

Karwendo kuti kare

Ngatiyeukei mabasa ekare kuti vakafirwa mukurumbira wavo uye vakanga chete mumapeji kare. Mazita vamwe vavo yaizivikanwa, vamwe kuridza zvikuru mutorwa uye ausingazivi.

TOP ounyanzvi hwokugadzira kuti vasisipo:

• Dagerrotipisty. Ivo akasika wokutanga asian mapikicha. Pakanga pasina makamera, uye vaiva nemahwendefa zvesirivha, izvo akasika kwepfuti yokutanga. Vakatsiviwa Photographers uyo rarira patepi. Asi ichi ndicho chinhu chakasiyana zvachose basa mhando, saka, njodzi kuti dagerrotipisty vane vatova chikamu kare.
• Chimney kuchavazvuzvurudzira. Vaigara vakaenda kundotsvaka chimneys tsvina. Pasina zvavaiita uye basa asingaiti chimwe mhuri. Vemazuva ano anoziva basa ichi chete nokuda ngano uye rengano kuti achiripo. Chimney kuchavazvuzvurudzira vanoremekedzwa zvikuru sezvo pakuchenesa chimneys, zvikwepa uye fireplaces vakanyevera moto.
• Pied Piper. Ndiri chokwadi vazhinji havasati vanzwa mazita ounyanzvi hwokugadzira dzakadaro. Asi chokwadi zvakanga inokosha zvikuru uye ine ngozi, vanhu ava zvingafananidzwa magamba. Vakaponesa guta rose kubva nechisimba nemakonzo, vari vatakuri chaiyo tsvina uye chirwere. Kuti vakauya gonzo denda kuti muzana remakore rechi16 akatsvaira hafu Europe. Nhasi, munyika dzakawanda mukanyatsochengeta murayiro, kudzivisa kupararira tsvina uye marara. Kana uchifanira kugara kuchenesa vanhuwo dzoga, vachishandisa chepfu simba uye dzimwe chipembenene kuzvidzora. Kare, makumi ezviuru makonzo vakaparadza manually.

mberi pasi

• Stonebreaker. Hard basa, panguva iyo vanhu vakafa. Kushanda kunhivi wachi akadzvinyirirwa matombo zvinoshandiswa kuvaka. Zvino kuita ibwe mugodhi michina wakashanda nomunhu.
• Lamplighter. manheru ose vakaenda kubasa netsvimbo refu, abatidza mumigwagwa marambi uye chiedza rutsigiro muguta. Chokwadi, zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti kamwe kusina magetsi.
• Telephonists. Vakanga vasiri kare, asi nhasi, ari "mbozha nyika," basa saka akwegura havasisipo. Uye kamwe, kuti vanzwe kutsvakwa rinotengeswa nevaridzi, zvakanga zvakafanira kuti kuonana runhare kuti mberi chiratidzo kune achida pfungwa.
• Mutaipi. Women ose anodhinda zviruva kwemaawa achitaipa wenyaya, banging, sezvinoita pfuti, kiyi tapureta. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti nhasi, mumwe anoshanda ichi Nhaka mudziyo.
• Schetchitsy. Kumabasa, vakadzi ava chete mabhiri uye pepa chinyoreso kuti manotsi. In neimwe kambani, ari zveakaunzi omurume akagara mukadzi, achikwanisa mumasekonzi kuti gurunurai nhamba mafupa nyaya. Pashure mashomanana emakore apfuura, hakuna karukureta, uye kunzwisisa kukarukureta unoitwa Nhoroondo. Basa kutorwa chete nevakadzi, sezvo zvimwe mutoro yokusvika nayo, uye vaiva kunyanya kutsungirira.
• The mutyairi - a mberi, akadzinga ngoro yaidhonzwa. Asi pamwe veMubatanidzwa motokari vanhu varega kufamba mu nengoro uye chaise, nei, uye vasingachadi mu dzakagadzirirwa ichi.
• Basa shoeshine kamwe zvakanga kwazvo kudiwa. Dirty shangu - zvakaipa chimiro, saka zvose yakakwirira uye chete akashambidzika varume aigara akamira cheya, pakavakirwa swirled mbudzana muduku pamwe brushes uye shangu wePolish.

Little-anozivikanwa yakatotsakatika basa

The mazita vasisina ounyanzvi hwokugadzira yaisanganisira avo pamusoro vachinzwa zhinji. Uye pakanga pachine kuzivikanwa zvishoma: Buoy vemikova, balagoly, coopers, komashniki.

Muna 15-18 emakore zvakanga yaitanga chinzvimbo Tselovalnik. vanhu ava vanotofanira vakatevera kuvakwa chezvipo bhodhi uye varimi muzana capita zvakavakodzera (mutero zviremera havasi?), Akatanga mugove nemiedzo uye mapurisa nokuongororwa. On kuzvitutumadza hofisi vakapika kutendeseka uye akamutsvoda muchinjikwa.

Kuvakwa haana kuita pasina Kopacz, nasypaly, razvozily uye ndiro. Nhasi, basa ravo riri kuitwa Vacheri, Cranes nezvimwe michina.

Pakanga pane mamwewo unyanzvi zhinji, pasina iro zvakaoma kufungidzira nzanga kare.

Ounyanzvi hwokugadzira kuti kubviswa

Nyanzvi kugara kuchengeta zvinyorwa dzakakurumbira unyanzvi uye vaya vari vava kuda kutsakatika. Pangozi basa nhasi anozivikanwa zvose. Super zvakasimba mberi zvemichina uye kukura Internet wakasika mabasa matsva, asi kutaura akaonekana navo pamwe senguva ounyanzvi.

Heino mimwe mienzaniso sika ichakurumidza tisisipo. Ichi chinhu kusingarapiki chichingoitwa. Zvisinei, sezvo nekunyaradzwa vazhinji zvinganzi kuti achinjire yekare kunouya boka idzva, ndandanda iyo nguva achiudza.

Kunyangarika ounyanzvi hwokugadzira:

• Packer. Enterprises havachazofaniri manually inorongedza, vanhu achakurumidza kutsiva marobhoti. Michina regai zvinoda neSvondo, ivo havadi muchipatara, uye varege kuita nharo pamwe wepabasa. For mabhizimisi akawanda uye mafekitari vari kutamira zvizere kugadzirwa kushandisa michina.
• Chevaimbi. Modern mabhazi nepokuongorora turnstile. Zvinonzi akagadzawo pasuo. Kutora bhazi, unofanira dzinoisa kadhi kana Kudzima yakarurama bhiri. Zvakaratidza, hapana chikonzero munhu Anobata "shiri" uye kutengesa matikiti okufambisa.
• Positimeni, ari keshiya.
• Raibhurari.
• Wenhau. Ivo ichatsiva vakawanda copywriters.
• Dana centre opareta.
• Wachter, nevatarisiri vedzimba, erevheta opareta, hweta.
• Logistician.
• Miner.
• Zvokusona, romuruki, wehari.
• Akaundendi, Economist.
• Mapurani.

Kuderedza mazita kumaruwa nyanzvi dzokugadzira

Vazhinji mumaruwa Kunyangarika basa. Zvishoma mowers, vashandi mumunda, muchero vamapepa, vafudzi uye mhizha. Basa ravo rinoitwa vakohwi, tillers, bindu muchini. Mabhiza mumapurazi ndiwo zvinenge ipapo, saka hapana basa mhizha. Uye mhou vari kuramba kuonekwa chete makuru mumapurazi, saka kutsakatika vafudzi. Kunyanya kuoneka urongwa kuderedza vokumaruwa pezvakaitwa mu dzakabudirira capitalist nyika, asi munyika dzichiri kusimukira vachiri aida remaoko musango.

Simple uye zvakajeka specialization hwakada zvakanyatsobatana nyika yepamusorosoro michina. Science uye zvemagetsi kuri kukurumidza kuwedzera, uye nyika zhinji havambokwanisi nguva mberi. Zvichida ndokusaka dzimwe nyika yedu pane ounyanzvi hwokugadzira kuti vagara kubva aenda munhau mu Europe.

Mumwe migumisiro pokuwa USSR

Tinofanira kutaura vanoti vanoshumira USSR, izvo vakaguma kuvapo pakaparara yacho.

All vakadzidza uye vakatsvaka kutora nzvimbo yake webato Nomenclature. unonakidza manyawi uye zvakasimba - kunyange hunoshamisa murayiridzi yoruwa komiti iri Communist Party. Tisingatauri komiti reruwa vanyori uye nevamwe. Aenda hapana nevatungamiriri piyona, uyo akarayira mapiyona munzira yechokwadi uye kuronga yavo yokuzorora. ounyanzvi hwokugadzira zhinji USSR akanyangarika panguva iyoyo pamwe kwezvakataurwa Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

The zvisina kunanga Migumisiro kunyangarika zvakaenda zhinji

Makore 50 apfuura aiva Linear basa, rakachengetedzwa achasimbiswa uye akatsiga. The Jaya anosanangura basa kuti nezvaanoda yake, dzidzo yakakodzera, uye kuva woupenyu hwose vaiita bhizimisi chete. Nhasi, mufananidzo zvakasiyana. In makore kumusoro-nokukurumidza michina, muenzaniso uyu zvikasashanda zvakare. upenyu All yevanhu kudzidza, kudzidza zvitsva, sezvo mutemo, yakatetepa dzakagadzirirwa.

Kukwikwidzana, kutya kwemabasa uye kugara mupfungwa pfungwa - zvose izvi inokanganisa utano hwevanhu, ake psyche, zvichikonzera netsinga, kuora mwoyo, uye vairwara nepfungwa. Somugumisiro basa zvachose - kwete zvakakwana pfungwa inobhadharwa nemhuri, vana, vakarasikirwa mano kubatana kwevanhu. Izviwo, kunoita kuti tibvunze yevaduku, iyo inokurumidza achikura kuva "munhu akura".

Mumwe migumisiro ine kukurumidza kuchinja chokwadi uye kunyangarika mabasa mazhinji anova kuwedzera kwemabasa, kuti impoverishment chavagari, akawira nokuberekwa zvazvingava, izvo zvinoita kuti pave ngetani maitiro ari wevanotungamirira dambudziko uye magariro kusawirirana.

Heunoi "mutema" hwakavaka ukama mumwe New York tsvakurudzo sangano.

ramangwana basa

Panzvimbo kufa ounyanzvi hwokugadzira hazvo kuuya itsva musangano mazuva ano. Gore negore, kutungamirira zvikoro zvedzidzo vari vanopupurirwa kuti vabvumirwe kudzidza ounyanzvi itsva. Uye vari chokuita pamwe marobhoti, Nanotechnology uye makombiyuta.

Heino mazita ounyanzvi hwokugadzira vari vangangoora zvichidiwa mune ramangwana;

• Kiberdvornik - kucharuramisa mirairo paIndaneti.
• City womutariri - mhosva mapindu muguta.
• Tenzi aidhinda - nyanzvi mune 3D-rokudhinda.
• Personal sahwira - gadza midzi yenyu yose uye kuumba mhuri rondedzero.
• Nyanzvi kuti microflora.
• Enyuchi hono opareta.

Nhasi, chiri yokungotaura mhedziso. Asi kamwe chete asitironati uye kwainzi tarenda basa.