Guta batana kukosha. maguta Resort ose batana kukosha. Guta yeUnited kukosha Russian Federation

Kuitwa muna 1993, gore reMitemo, zviga nenzvimbo ehurumende yeUnited nemamiriro akatanga kuumbwa itsva nemamiriro ezvinhu - weHurumende simba nyaya. Statuses zvinhu zvivako havatsananguri Organic Mutemo mutemo imwe nharaunda. Maererano Art. 5 reMitemo sechikamu ehurumende varipo vakaenzana nyaya: ndima, nharaunda, batana guta. Ekupedzisira vari kunyanya zvinhu mudziyo wehurumende mamiriro. Chii guta batana kukosha? Imhandoi nyaya vane chinzvimbo ichi? About ichi akazotevera munyaya.

Vhuṱanzi

guta yeUnited Russian - pasi imwe chimiro pezvivako hurumende dzematunhu. Chikamu simba rakapiwa kwavari zvakananga miviri hurumende simba mudunhu. Pakuvamba, kusvikira 2014, gore yeUnited plesieroorde guta akanga. Nemhaka yezvichangobva kuitika muna Crimea, zvinhu zvakachinja. Maererano Art. 65 of Basic Law zvinokosheswa yeUnited mamiriro guta inyaya zvitatu chikamu mamiriro. Kuwedzera, rakafanana mamiriro nharaunda harisi chikamu nyika. Mukutonga International Agreement pamwe Kazakhstan kubva 1995, gore nguva risi pamusoro zvakaoma pamusoro cosmodrome Baikonur ane zvakafanana hweHIV. Panyaya iyi, nyaya haisi chikamu Russia pamutemo. Saizvozvowo, hadzina kukurukurwa ayo Executive miviri iri nemamiriro mamiriro michini munyika. Somugumisiro pakati Crimean zviitiko uye vakatevera navo pashure referendum muna 2014 musi March 18 chibvumirano pamwe zvishoma vakaziva Republic of Crimea. Maererano wakapiwa mamiriro Sevastopol guta yeUnited kukosha Russian Federation. Maererano Art. 77 Constitution mamiriro rokudzora zvidzidzo vega zvakarongwa maererano nzira vakaisa pasi ari Basic Law, uye pamusoro huripo wegadziriro mano. Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera Dare-pamutemo zvinhu vakabatwa nezviremera (zvemitemo uye Executive), maguta batana.

nhoroondo mashoko

Precursors mumaguta chaizvo chinzvimbo anogona kunzi sezvo aivapo yeRussia Empire Gradonachalstva. Ndezvipi? Raiva guta, yoga kubva mumatunhu avo chaiwo nenzvimbo mamiriro ezvinhu kana kukosha, uye mishumo zvakananga gurukota Affairs Internal. Naizvozvo Gradonachalstva vakanga vatendeuka. Mushure October Revolution, idzodzo aya liquidated (kurongwazve ari County kana mumaruwa). Pakazosvika 1931, gore repfumbamwe Leningrad uye Moscow, maguta maviri makuru ari Soviet Union, vakapesana zvakare kunyika yoga vamapoka Republican kuzviisa pasi. Izvi chinzvimbo muna 1948, akagamuchira Sevastopol, uye ipapo, muna 1987 - Leninsk. Mushure Soviet Union yakaguma kuvapo, Leningrad uye Moscow kubvuma mamiriro akazvimirira nyaya uye maguta batana kukosha. Dzakaguma Ukraine Sevastopol maererano yayo administrative weboka iri rinokosha chimwe. Zvisinei, pamwe achangopfuura kugamuchirwa yeRussian Crimea , aivawo guta batana kukosha. Kana guta Baikonur, ndizvo, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, anotaura kuti Republic of Kazakhstan. Pasi mitemo yayo, guta rine mamiriro National kukosha.

intracity nharaunda

Izvi kwakadai matunhu neminisiparati inotungamirwa rakavambwa muna 2006 .. Zviri yakazvimirira yesangano fomu. Mukati miganhu yacho Municipality hurumende yeko anoita vanhu zvakananga kana kuburikidza kusarudzwa uye mimwe miviri. Nokudzorwa kudzorwa zvokudya of Basic Mutemo Charter pamusoro penyaya uye Municipality. The sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira 146 Moscow akadaro akazvimirira dzakabatana. Pakati pavo, 21 125 mumaruwa uye ugari. In St. Petersburg, dzinosvika vezvikwata 11. Izvi zvaisanganisira 30 namagariro uye ruwa 81.

Moscow - guta batana kukosha

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nzvimbo iyi ine zvimwe mubumbiro uye pamutemo zvinhu. Zvikurukuru, Chine ehurumende yeUnited sangano muguta, renyika, kuteererwa chaiko basa centre munda. Panyaya iyi, nzvimbo ine vamwe zvechadenga Municipality. Sezvo nhamba Moscow ndiro guru guta uye nenyaya Russia. Pano ndivo nhengo weHurumende simba nyika (kunze Constitutional Court), nevamiririri venyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzimwe nyika, zvikuru mabasa akaitwa pakukura, dzimbahwe masangano evanhu. MuMoscow, vakaumba kwegadziriro yeko.

Brief Historical Background

Wokutanga kuchinja kwakatanga 2nd yezana remakore rechi13. Panguva iyoyo, Moscow akava musimboti yakazvimirira weutungamiriri. Kukura nharaunda pave nzvimbo pamharadzano dzenzira mikuru dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana zvikuru. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi14 nharaunda Moscow rava vakwanise. Akanga akabatana Mozhaisk uye Kolomna zvemisoro. Panguva iyoyo chakatowedzera kukosha muguta Zvitendero muzinda kuburikidza pokugadzwa Moscow diocese, uye kuchinjwa yakagara mabhishopi. Muzana remakore rechi15, nzvimbo akawana mutsva hweHIV. Panguva iyoyo, Moscow yakava guta guru guru mamiriro kutanga muRussia uye ipapo vabatana Russian mamiriro. Capital chinzvimbo yakarasika muna 1712. Pasinei neizvi, Moscow aiva vakatozodzokera kuti kugadzwa zviri remadzimambo. Capital mamiriro akadzoka aine mukukunda Bolshevism muna 1920 uye kuchiripo nanhasi.

guta Federal St. Petersburg

nyaya iyi - the yaiona, maindasitiri muzinda muna North-West mudunhu. In St. Petersburg vane zviremera zvepamusoro zvenyika Leningrad Region. Rakavakwa Peter Mukuru muna 1703, gore musi wa27 May. The guta ndiye Constitutional Court, Interparliamentary Assembly of Kishi nhengo rinoti, Heraldic Council. In St. Petersburg, uyewo dzimba dzimbahwe murayiro Navy uye mauto ehondo pakati Western Military District.

kumashure

In St. Petersburg, kwave kune vatatu nokumukirana. MuHondo Yenyika II, nharaunda yaiva rakakombwa kwemazuva 900, zvichiita kufa. Man mamiriyoni 1,5. Muna 1965, akanga paakavapa mamiriro "Hero City". St. Petersburg ndicho kuchamhembe guta rine vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni vanhu. Nharaunda vakatora ndima - 1439 ba. ? km. Saint Petersburg - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvoupfumi, zvetsika uye kwesayenzi nzvimbo munyika, rimwe remasangano zvifambiso hubs. Nepakati wekare uye akapoteredza zvivako vanobatanidzwa mune mazita UNESCO nhaka.