Chimiro chenguva dzose: tsanangudzo uye mienzaniso

Linespacing, kana phyllotaxis - rudzi rwechirongwa, apo mashizha anowanikwa pachigamba chemuti. Kunyangwe pakutarisa kwekutanga, zvinogona kugadziriswa kuti hazvirevi kukura muhutano hwakashata, uye kune zvikonzero zvinokosha zveizvi.

Access of light

Sei mashizha asina kukura ipapo, "iwe unofarira kupi?" Chikonzero chacho, chokwadi, chiri kujekesa. Somugumisiro wekushanduka-shanduka, marudzi akawanda emashizha akaumbwa, ayo anopa rimwe rega rega rine ruzivo rwakanyanya rwekuwana. Nokudaro, mashizha emuti mumwechete haakwikwi nemumwe. Sezvo mutemo, nguva dzose yegadziriro yemashizha inosanganiswa nepepex yechipfuva, ichiratidza kuenzanisa kwayo pamwe chete neharasi. Pazvinotsanangura mazai emasango mu morphology, vanowanzovimba nehuwandu hwemashizha anobva pane imwe node.

Schemes

Mashizha anogona kurongwa maererano nezvirongwa zvitatu zvinokosha, izvo zvinonzi zvakadai: zvinotevera, zvakasarudzwa uye zvakatarisana. Yeuka zvakananga: apo inotevera - pepa rimwe kubva pane imwe node, yakatarisana - mahwendefa maviri, uye neefree - zvitatu kana kupfuura (somuenzaniso, Elodea inopfuura mashizha matatu). Iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo imwe yemhando dzakawanda dzehutano hunofananidzwa nemiti inonzi herbaceous. Mashizha anokura kubva kune imwe node, achiumba kumativi eti anonzi ani-ring. Iyi chirongwa chinowanzoenderana nemiti inonzi herbaceous, somuenzaniso, mbhedha yekumusoro, iyo clover ye lupine uye ziso rekunyuka kwevana vana.

Mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana phyllotaxis unogona kusanganisira chikwata chisingagoni kuvhiringidzwa neavo. Iti rosette inoumbwa nemashizha ane nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemashizha, kana zvikaita kuti pfupi ipfupi. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mumiti yakadai sa agave, chlorophytum, saxifrage nevamwe.

Mutsara

Ikoko mashizha anotevera, kana, sezvaanonziwo, kumera, anoratidza kukura kwemashizha rimwe nerimwe pane imwe node. Kuti uchinzwisise uye uyeuke iyi mhuka, zvakakwana kungotarisa bazi re oak kana birch. Mashizha acho anogadziriswa pachidimbu zvimwe, mumhepo.

Sezvo mutemo, mumhando dzakadzika urongwa hwemashizha hunopesana, uye mumiti yakakura zvikuru-inotevera.

Heredity

Muvanhu vakuru vanotsvaga mashizha, rimwe rinotevera kana rumwe rudzi, runotsanangurwa nehutano hwemashizha e primordia. Aya ndiwo mashizha emashizha emiti. Zvinowanzoitika kuti chero rudzi rwep phyllotaxis hunoenderana nemiti yese yemhuri imwe chete. Zvisinei, mashizha aya anogona kuchinja panguva yekukura kwepfuti. Petioles inogonawo kugadzikana zvakasiyana, saka mashizha ebasa anogonawo kuchinja nzvimbo yavo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti mashizha anogara achitsvaga kutsvaga nzvimbo yakanakisisa, kwavanozogamuchira muwandu hwechiedza.

Pakupedzisira, kureba pakati pemashizha makuru kwakazadzwa nezviduku, kwete kuvharana, nekugadzirisa chinyorwa chinovhara. Chiitiko chacho chainzi "mashizha". Inobvumira simiti kuti iite zvakanyanya zvezuva rose rinogona kusvika pamashizha. Izvi zvinowanikwa kune marudzi ose e phyllotaxis, kwete ega uye mamwe mavara mashizha. Mienzaniso ichapiwa gare gare.

Mienzaniso uye zvinhu

Mazai emashizha anotevera pasi redu ane miti yakawanda. Munenge mhando dzose yemiti yemiti inokura pakati peRussia ine phyllotaxis inotevera, uye kwete mashizha chete, asiwo matavi. Aya ndiwo maoriki, birches, aspen, pakati pemiti yemindu - plums, aple miti uye cherries, uye mabhiza - currants, gooseberries, chokeberry.

Zvinofadza, pane zvinyorwa zviviri kune urongwa urwu. Imba yemadhishi ine nzvimbo ine nharo. Izvowo phyllotaxis ine maple-maple maple, anowanzonzi Canada, asi maplemu emuAmerica ane rimwe jira.