Chii chiri mumhepo yakanyanyisa uye inoshandiswa sei kupoteredza pasi redu?

Zvichida, kunyange mwana achataura kuti mvura yakamira sei. Mvura, chando, chimvuramabwe ... Icho ndicho chinyoro chinowira kubva kudenga kusvika pasi. Zvisinei, havasi vose vanogona kutaura zvakajeka kuti mvura iyi inobva kupi. Zvinonzwisisika kuti kubva mumakore (kunyange izvi zvisiriwo mutemo wakasimba), asi kunobva kupi kwamakore mudenga? Kuti tinzwisise chikonzero uye chimiro chemvura inonaya, mvura uye mapando echando achipfuura misoro yedu, tinoda kuumba pfungwa yekutsinhanisa yemadota-maviri-pasi pePasi.

Kubuda kwemvura kunoitika kubva pamusoro pegungwa nemakungwa pasi pesimba rezuva . Zvisingaoneki kune ziso remhepo inokwira kumusoro, uko inounganidza mumakore nemakore. Mhepo inovatakura kune makondinendi, uko kunaya kunowira kubva kwavari. Mhepo inobva kudenga inowira pasi, kupinda mumigungwa nemakungwa, inopinda mumvura pasi, ichipa zvitubu. Uyewo, hova zhinji, nzizi duku uye nzizi huru dzinopinda mumakungwa nemakungwa. Nokudaro, kudzoka kweMhepo kwepanyika kunoitika - kuenderera kwemazuva ose mumvura yakasiyana-siyana yepanyama: vaporous, liquid uye yakasimba.

Izvo zvingava zvisina kukodzera kufunga kuti kudengenyeka kwemhepo kunofanirwa kuwira pasi kubva kudenga. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanoita pane zvinhu zvakadai sedova, chisanu kana hoarfrost, uye kunyange kukwira kubva pasi zvichienda kumusoro semhepo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudzivirirwa kwemhepo mumvura inotonhorera, inoita mvura inonaya. Kana muviri wemvura ichidziya kupfuura mhepo iri pamusoro payo, iyo inoputika H2O mamolekemu inononoka-inoita fog kana makore anotakura mvura. Kana gungwa rakapisa kupfuura mhepo, inoshanduka inoshanduka inoitika: mazaya echando anodiridza hunyoro kubva mumhepo sechipupuri, achiumisa.

Izvi zvinotsanangura chokwadi chokuti kunaya kwemhepo kunowira zvakanyanya zvisina kufanira munyika yose. Ikozvino inopisa yeGulf Stream inotakura nzizi dzinopisa kubva kuGungwa reCaribbean kusvika kure kuchamhembe kweIceland. Kupinda mumhepo inotonhora, hunyoro hunobudiswa zvakasimba uye hunoita makore, nokudaro hugadzira mamiriro ekumavirira eWestern Europe. Uye kumadokero kwemiganhu yeAfrica, Australia neSouth America ndiyo nzira yakasiyana-siyana: mafungu anotonhora anomisa mashizha emhepo inopisa uye anoita magwenga, somuenzaniso, Namib.

Ivhareji yemvura yakanyanyisa pasi pano inenge 1000 mm pagore, asi kune dzimwe nzvimbo umo unyoro hunowa zvikuru, uye kune nzvimbo apo mvura isina kuitika gore negore. Nokudaro, mahombeji anogamuchira mvura isingapfuuri 50 mm mumazuva 365, uye zvinyorwa zvehuwandu hwekunyoroka kwekudenga Chararapunja muIndia, iyo iri pamitambo yekumhepo yeHimalaya pane imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro kwekilomita imwe pamusoro pegungwa - kune mvura 12,000 mamita mamita pamakiromita mana pagore . Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, mvura yakanyanyisa inoparadzirwa zvisina kufanira pamusoro pemwaka. Semuenzaniso, mumamiriro ekunze ehubequatorial kune nguva mbiri chete: yakaoma uye yakanyorova. MuNorth Hemisphere, kubva munaNovember kusvika munaMeyi, pane bhakiti, asi mumwedzi 6 yakasara kune matonho. Munguva yakaoma, 7% chete yehuwandu hwegore inowira.

Nhamba yekumatenga yakasunungurwa yakaenzaniswa sei? Nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, pane zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro pamamiriro ekunze emeteorological - precipitation mamita uye pluviographs. Iyi mukombe yakaenzana ne 1 mita mamita, umo humwe hunyoro hwekudenga hunowa, kusanganisira yakasimba mumhepo inonaya mvura - chando, powder, chimvuramabwe, zvipembenene zvechando nemagetsi echando. Masvingo akasiyana emadziro anodzivisa kuputika uye kuwedzera kubuda kwemvura inowira muhari. Iyo inonyoresa hurefu hwehuwandu hwemvura: panguva imwe yewaini, zuva, mwedzi negore. Kuti uverenge huwandu hwehu hudidification hwemahombe, nzvimbo ye radar inoshandiswa.