Chii chinotyisa? Zvarinoita uye marudzi

Izwi rokuti "epic" rakauya kwatiri kubva kare. Kubvira kare rechiGiriki izwi iri rinoshandurwa se "nhoroondo". Chii chinotyisa? Izwi rine zvinyorwa zvakawanda. Tichaisa pfungwa paviri chete. Zvinyorwa zvekunyora zvakasikwa kwemazana emakore nevanhu vakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuonekwa kune rimwe remhando mitatu iripo yemabhuku: lyrics, drama uye epos. Muchikamu chekupedzisira, pane nhoroondo yechiito kana chiitiko munguva yakapfuura, zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinyorwa zvinotsanangurwa, mufananidzo wakaenzana wehupenyu hwevanhu hwevanhu huripo.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeizvi :

• Novel;
• Epic;
• Nhetembo;
• Nhau;
• Nhau;
• Nhetembo;
• Essay;
• Epic;
• Nyaya yenyaya;
• Historical song.

Epos semhando yekunyora

Icho chirevo chechipiri chezwi iri pasi pekufungisisa nderimwe rudzi rwemabhuku - "heroic". Nhasi, masayendisiti anoziva zvakajeka kuti chii chinotyisa. Asi kukakavadzana pamusoro pokuti sei uye kwakabva kupi, haukwanisi kuderedza. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzezvenyanzvi dzinofunga kuti dambudziko racho nderimwe rudzi rungave rwakasimuka mumitambo yakadaro seChina nechiHebheru. Vamwe vanogutsikana kuti izvi hazvigoneki.

Inongozivikanwa chete kuti iyi ndiyo yekare yakasiyana-siyana (kana mararita) yakasikwa nemadzitateguru edu kure. MuMiddle Ages, idzi nhau, nziyo, nhetembo, epikisi zvakaitwa nevaridzi vanodzungaira uye vanodzungaira nhau. Kubvira pakatanga, mabasa epikicha ave achiimbwa kumimhanzi ye violin kana rudimbwa. Mavari zvinhu zvose zvinoudzwa nenzira yakadai yokuti vateereri vakanga vasina chikonzero chokusava nechokwadi chezvakataurwa zviitiko. Uyu ndiwo nhau imwe chete, inongowanikwa zvishoma nezvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki kana zvisinganzwisisiki.

Eposs yenyika dzenyika

Basa rega rega rinotaridzirwa rinofungidzirwa senhaka yakasiyana yenyika iyo yakanyorwa. Pamusoro pezvose izvo zvinozivikanwa mumutauro uyu, zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zveFrench. Nyaya inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeFrance ndeye "Rwiyo rwaRoland" ambotaurwa pamusoro, iyo, maererano nemitauro yakasiyana-siyana, yakanyorwa yakapoteredza zana remakore rechi12. Mune mabhuku echiGermany, unogonawo kuwana mienzaniso yemhando iyo iri mubvunzo. Nyaya inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeGermany ndeye "Rwiyo rweMiberi". Inoratidza zviitiko zvisinganzwisisiki zvakaitika zvinopesana nekunze kwekufamba kukuru kwevanhu. MuEngland, chinonyanya kukosha ndiBeowulf. Iyo inobata nemunhu asingatyi anotya uyo akashora chikara chakatyisidzira umambo hwose. Chikamu chakareba kwazvo - "Manas" - ndechevanhu veKyrgyz. Muchiyero, kaviri zvakakura se "Mahabharata" neTibetan yakazara nezveGeser.

Chii chinonyanya kuitika kuvanhu veRussia?

Mumutauro weRussia unyanzvi, chiitiko, achitaura pamusoro pekushandisa kwemasimba, chinonzi epic. Munharaunda, ma heroes anowanzoita, apiwa simba guru remuviri uye unyanzvi hwepfungwa. Izwi rakakurumbira rinonyanya basa rinotaura pamusoro pekushandisa kwevatatu vatatu vakakurumbira: Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich naDobryni Nikitich.

Mhedziso

Chii chinonzi epic, kwete semidzi yemabhuku, kukosha kunongowedzera gore rose? Iyi inhaka inokosha yakasara kwatiri nemadzitateguru edu. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 zvakatendwa kuti vanhu vose vanozviremekedza vanofanirwa kuva nehunhare yavo, hero yavo, avo vachave vakagadzirira kuisa hupenyu mukurwisana kwevanaamai.