Acmeism mumabhuku uye nhoroondo yayo duku

Acmeism muzvinyorwa inzira inotangira kutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 uye yakaparadzirwa zvikuru pakati pevanyori vose vakasika basa ravo munguva iyi. Kazhinji akabatanidza mabhuku echiRussia, uye akazovawo mararamiro ekudzoka zvakare kune chiratidzo. Iyi nhungamiro inozivikanwa nekujekesa, kujekesa zvakanyanya uye pasi-kusvika-pasi, asi panguva imwe chete mumitembo yeAcmeist vanyori hapana nzvimbo yezvinetso zvezuva nezuva.

Tsanangudzo shoma yeshoko

Acmeism muzvinyorwa nguva dzose yave yenyama, tsika yekuongorora manzwiro evanhu uye zvakaitika. Vanyori vakanyora mabasa avo mumutauro uyu vakanga vakanyatsojeka, havana kushandisa mifananidzo uye hyperbole. Sezvo vanyori vemazuva ano vanotenda, maitiro akadaro akaonekwa sekunge aipesana nechimiro chekare chaivepo, icho ichowo, chakanga chakakurumbira pamusana pemafungiro emifananidzo, kusakwana kwakakwana kwezvakananga nekururama. Panguva imwecheteyo, ma-acmeist akaisa kukosha kwekuda kwevanhu chete, zvinoreva kuti, vakarondedzera nyika yemweya. Zvematongerwo enyika kana zvemagariro evanhu, kushungurudza uye zvakafanana vakanga vari vatorwa kwavari. Ndicho chikonzero nhetembo dzavo dzinonzwisisika nyore, nokuti dzinonyora nezvezvinhu zvakaoma chaizvo.

Chii chaiva nheyo yeAcmeism

Sezvo zvakadaro, ruzivo rwaizotarisa panguva iyo acmeism mumabhuku eRussia akanga asiri. Pfungwa yakadaro yokutsigira yakaumbwa bedzi mukugadzirisa kwehupo uye kubudirira kwemaitiro, apo ndima dzekutanga dzevamiririri vadzo dzakatanga kuonekwa muchiedza, kubva kwaive zvichikwanisika kuziva chinangwa chezvose zvakanyorwa. Nokudaro, kugadzirisa mabhuku muzvinyorwa zvakazvienzanisa nemaonero chaiwo kwete kwete chete mufananidzo weupenyu, asiwo zve "matambudziko" asina kukodzera anowirirana nemanzwiro uye zvinetso zvepfungwa. Basa rinokosha mubasa chero ripi neripi, maererano nevanyori, raive kutamba shoko. Kwaiva nekubatsira kwake kuti nekunakisisa zvakanyanya pfungwa dzose nezviitiko zvakatsanangurwa zvinofanira kunge zvakaratidzwa.

Kufuridzirwa kwakaitwa vanyori venguva ino

Kazhinji kazhinji, chiratidzo, icho chaiva chinyorwa chechimiro, chinofananidzwa nemimhanzi. Iye akavanzika, polysemantic, anogona kududzirwa nenzira dzose. Icho chikonzero nekuda kwehutano hwakadaro hwokuti chimiro ichi chakava chirevo mune izvo zvadaro unyanzvi. Nekudaro, kushamwaridzana sekuyerera mumabhuku kwakava chinhu chakakosha zvikuru chekutanga. Vanyori-vamiririri vehutungamiri ivo pachavo vanofananidza basa ravo nekuvakwa kana nemifananidzo, kwete nemimhanzi. Nhetembo dzavo dzakanaka kwazvo, asi panguva imwechete dzakarurama, dzakanyatsogadzirwa uye dzakanyatsojeka kune vateereri. Shoko rimwe nerimwe rinotaurira zvakananga zvarinoreva zvakatangwa mairi, pasina kuwedzeredza kana kuenzanisa. Ndokusaka Acmeist ndima dziri nyore kwazvo kudzidzisa kumangariro yevana vechikoro, uye saka ingonzwisisa zvavanoreva.

Vamiririri veAcmeism muRussia Literature

Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana chevamiririri vose vemitauro iyi haisi kungobatana chete, asi kunyange ushamwari. Vakashanda munhandare imwe chete, uye pakutanga kwekusika kwavo kwekusika ivo vakazvizivisa ivo pachavo, vachitanga avo vanonzi "Nyanzvi yePuraneti" muLeningrad. Vakanga vasina mahwendefa ezvinyorwa, mitemo yaive yakakosha kunyora nhetembo, kana mamwe mazwi ekugadzira. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti mumwe wevanyori vakanyatsoziva kuti basa rake rinofanira kuva ripi, uye aiziva kupa shoko rimwe nerimwe kuti rive rinonzwisisika kune vamwe. Uye pakati pekunzwisisa kwakadaro, munhu anogona kusiyanisa mazita anozivikanwa: Anna Akhmatova, murume wake Nikolai Gumilev, Osip Mandelstam, Sergei Gorodetsky, Vladimir Narbut, Mikhail Kuzmin nevamwe. Nhetembo dzemumwe nomumwe wevanyori dzakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mukugadzirisa kwavo, uye mune unhu uye manzwiro. Zvisinei, basa rimwe nerimwe rinonzwisisika, uye munhu wacho haazove nemibvunzo isingakoshi pashure pokunge aiverenga.

Kukudzwa acmeists munguva yekuvapo kwavo

Apo acmeism yakaonekwa mumabhuku, yekutanga kunongotaura pamusoro paro vanhu vanoverenga mumagazini yeMuperborey, iyo yakabudiswa pasi pekushandurwa kwevatongi vataidzidza. Nenzira, maererano neizvi, kazhinji ma-acmeist ainziwo Hyperboreans, avo vakarwa nekuda kwechimiro uye kunaka kwechirongwa cheRussia. Zvadaro kwakauya nyaya dzakanyorwa dzakanyorwa nenhengo dzose dze "Chirongwa cheSvondo", umo icho chinokosha chemaitiro aya ezvinyorwa chakazarurwa , chakashambidzwa hupenyu nezvimwe zvakawanda. Asi, pasinei nekushingaira kwebasa uye kunyange ushamwari hwevanyori vose vakazova vateereri vemaitiro matsva mune unyanzvi, Acmeism mumabhuku eRussia akatanga kupera. Pakazosvika 1922, "Mapurisa 'Akadzidzisa" akanga atovapo, kuedza kudzoka zvakare kwakanga kusina maturo. Sezvo vatsoropodzi vanyori vaitenda, chikonzero chekukundikana ndechokuti dzidziso yeAcmeists haina kufanana nechinangwa chaicho, uye havana kubudirira kuputsa zvachose kubva mukufananidzira.