Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe kuvaka, oparesheni uye kuwa

Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe haasi kungoshamisira achitumira zano, uye akanga 17 makore chirefu kupfuura chivako munyika. Chaiva magadzirirwo kuti prides pachayo iri yose kwePoland. Zvinosuruvarisa hapana runogara nokusingaperi, asi kuwa ichi chivako zvakandishamisa vose. Sei Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe yakadhirika, sezvo zvakanga ichivakwa uye kuvhiyiwa? Ngationei mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi.

Zvikonzero chivakwa

Kuvaka itsva redhiyo shongwe akanga akatakurwa kuti redhiyo Polish aigona nechokwadi nhepfenyuro iri munharaunda muPoland uye dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope. Kuti vabudirire optimum mugumisiro inodiwa kuvaka vose yepamusoro patani zvinobvira. The kuitika chikuru kutepfenyura shongwe wokuPoland, pedyo Warsaw, aiva kukwirira 335 m. Zvakanga zvakafanira kuvaka yakakwirira zvikuru marongerwo.

urongwa Construction dzinokudziridzwa inozivikanwa mapurani Jan Polak. Maererano kuvakwa ichi kwaiva kuva kukwirira 646,4 m, riri kusvika kaviri kupfuura yaivapo yemapurisa kusvikira zvino. Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe inofanira pedyo nomusha Constantine muna Płock County mazowieckie voivodship, muna 84? Km kumavirira guru.

basa rokuvaka

Building Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe rakatanga muna January 1970. The kuvakwa, izvo akatungamirirwa injiniya Andrzej Shepchinsky vaiitawo vashandi kunyanya muchiPolish kambani "Mostostal" uye nemamwe masangano emo. Asi unorema kuvakwa - zvinotakura mu uwandu zvidimbu zviviri - akavaka kambani Swiss Brown, Boveri & Cie. Construction erevheta aishanda Swedish kambani Alimak.

Pakupedzisira, May 18, 1974, pashure pemakore anopfuura mana basa, rave kwapera kuvakwa eredhiyo, uye musi waJune 22, zvakanga akaiswa kushanda.

Basic nokurondedzerwa

Zvino ngatitarise huru hwokugadzira zvechadenga Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe. Saka, chii chinonzi magadzirirwo?

Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe kukwirira kwakanga 646,4 m. Izvi zvinoita panguva iyoyo soro muzvivako nokusingaperi-huripo munyika. Zvachose kurema mamiriro akanga akaenzana 420 m. Paaiparidzira marongerwo uye chikamu chayo yakanga muchimiro netriangle ane mativi vakaenzana 4.8 m. ReCaracas marongerwo Kwairatidza hwendarira nenyere ane dhayamita pakati 24.5 cm.

The mamiriro hariumbi munhu-chidimbu kuvaka, uye zvinosanganisira 86 zvikamu chacho. chidimbu chimwe nechimwe aiva akareba 7.5 m. Kugadzikana akapa matatu backstay voga muchimiro simbi netambo ane dhayamita 5 neimwe cm. The zvachose kurema kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo ava 80,000 makirogiramu.

Mukuwedzera, mamiriro akanga amusimudze kuti yave zvikurukuru kugadzirwa nenzira kambani Swedish Alimak. Akatanga kumhanya mamita 21 / min. Kuti kumuka kubva pasi kusvikira kumusoro zvivako ayo, aifanira kupedza inenge hafu yeawa. Zvisinei, kana uchida unogona kuita kupora uye kwakajairika Manera.

hutachiwana substations

Substations kuti chaimbova zvinoparadzira chikamu chacho chiri mamita 600 kubva redhiyo shongwe ari namahwindo chimiro aiva Vhoriyamu 17 zviuru. Cú. M. Zviri pano kuti dzichengeterwe mwoyo wose mamiriro - zvinotakura maviri, kugadzirwa ne Switzerland pana Brown, Boveri & Cie. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane kukwanisa 1 MW. Kuti vakawanda zvakarurama synchronize ari frequencies ari zvinotakura maviri anoshandiswa mabhomba nenguva yeko.

Nokuti simba zvinotakura, nesimba kudyiwa raiva 6 MW, imwe yoga simba chirimwa rakadzikwa.

Nokushanda redhiyo masts

Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe akanga pamutemo ainzi "Broadcasting Center Konstantinov." Rakanga rakagadzirirwa nhepfenyuro yedzimudzangara pamusoro madaro marefu. With basa iri zviri kukurira zvinobudirira kwemakore anopfuura 17 makore. chiratidzo chake vakafukidza kwete chete nharaunda kwePoland, asi yose Europe. Polish Radio unogona kuteerera kunyange North Africa uye North America.

Kusiyana magadzirirwo akanga kuti ichi chaiva venyika chete hafu-wave redhiyo danda rechikepe refu mafungu. Chaizvoizvo, sezvo zvakafanana mano hakuchisina iiswe.

Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe akashandisa hurumende kutepfenyura kambani. Achibatsirwa kuvakwa ichi yatepfenyurwa "The chirongwa chokutanga Polish Radio", kana nemamwe mazwi - "Program 1 imi". Informal ainzi - "Kubatana."

Pokuwa kuvakwa

Complete kushamisika nokuti zvose ndechokuti kutadza Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe. Pokuwa kwakaitika yokutanga yezana August 1991. Zvino panguva yaitsiva mumwe vakomana. Yakakoswa mamiriro, simbi sepombi vakabva yakatarwa pfungwa, redhiyo hwakakungwa uye kwakaitika pakati kuparadzwa kwaro. Yokumusoro Chikamu rawa pedyo pasi, uye nechepasi hafu - negwara risiri. Shanduro iyi rinonyatsotsigirawo kuvaka murongedzeri Jan Polak.

Pokuwa hofori kuvakwa pasina zvayo matambudziko, nezvibayiro, vakabirwa havana pakati pavanhu.

Zvikonzero pokuwa

Ndezvipi zvikonzero rakawira Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe? Fall design, pasina mubvunzo, ndiwo mugumisiro kukanganisa kwakaitwa vashandi kana backstay kutsiviwa. Hatina zvakanaka kutevedzera ose ezvinhu kuitira chengetedzo zvakakwana. Nyanzvi vaiona anotenderwa urongwa kutsiva kuverengera zvakakwana kuitira kuti vose vakaenda pasina matambudziko.

Chimwe chikonzero kwokuputsika inofanira kunzi zvakare guru mazano. Vakaita zvakaoma njodzi yaitsiva kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo.

The mberi njodzi redhiyo masts

Zvisinei, hurumende Polish hakuzofadzi mapfumo paredhiyo shongwe. Hapana akafunga kuti ichi chivako havazofi ichadzorerwa pashure pokuwa. Pakarepo mainjiniya patani akapiwa kuti apore plan, iyo panguva iyoyo nemhaka nzvimbo iri supine nzvimbo, vanhu vakakwanisa kutenga tamba remadunhu- "wakarebesa shongwe munyika." Nechekare muna April 1992, akanga agadzirira kupora urongwa.

Own basa riri kudzorerwa rakatanga muna 1995. Asi zvino munzira kuenda chinangwa akawira chipingamupinyi, izvo hakuna kunyange ndafungira. Uye rinoreva kwete nokure nemari kana nyaya mvumo. Against kuvakwa zvivako zvakaitwa vemumusha Konstantinov, yaiva pedyo chaizvo. Ivo vakati nemwaranzi kunokonzerwa nokushanda kwomudzimu redhiyo masts, kumbotura kwevarimi hutano vemumusha, zvikurukuru chikonzero nomusoro uye zvimwe zvirwere. Zvakanga zvakare akapomera, apo chiteshi haana kushanda kwemakore mashoma, vomumusha vakatanga kunzwa zviri nani zvikuru. Somugumisiro izvi okutsutsumwa kupora Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe chacho aifanira kuvharwa nokusingaperi.

Sezvo August 1991 Warsaw State kutepfenyura kambani akadzoka kuti nhepfenyuro zvinangwa nokushanda yekare 335-mita rechikepe. Chokwadi, ichi yekudyidzana kujekesa kwayo hwokugadzira kugona uye nhau. Kusvikira 1995, iye aikoshesa tariro yokuti Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe inogona kudzorerwa. Ipapo redhiyo aifanira kubvuma kuti hauzombofi kuitika.

Isa Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe chirefu kupfuura pakati nezvimwe zvivako munyika

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, anenge makore 17 (kubvira muna 1974 kusvika 1991) yaiva Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe chirefu kupfuura mamiriro munyika, ane kukwirira 646,4 mamita. Kusvikira 1974, nzvimbo yokutanga pakati chirefu kupfuura zvivako akabata teleradiomachta KVLY, iri Blanchard, muna US mamiriro North Dakota. Kukwirira Kuvaka 628,8 mamita.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kureba rechikepe Warsaw akanga asingasviki gumi namasere metres zvakawanda, kwete zvakawanda zvivako pamwero wakadaro. Izvi zvinoita kuti tibvunze kuti fungidziro kuti yakadaro yakakwirira redhiyo danda rechikepe kuPoland akavaka, kwete muduku kuti kurova KVLY rekodhi. Panyaya iyi, kureba rechikepe zvave kwete chete rinoshanda nokurovererwa sezvo chido pasina kuva wokutanga. Chokwadi, sezvo takaona kwokutanga, ukuru Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe, uye vakashumira somumwe zvikonzero yakawondomoka. Saka, sezvo nguva dzose, chido kuti mbiri ngozi.

Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe dzimba huru, chirefu kupfuura shongwe munyika - Ostankino - anopfuura 100 metres shure kukwirira Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe uye aiva kukura 540 mamita Zvisinei, muna 1976 chepamusoro TV neshongwe yaiva CN Tower, muCanada. guta Toronto, ane kukwirira 553 metres, asi zvakanga achiri 93 metres shoma kupfuura redhiyo danda rechikepe muPoland. Pari, zvepamusoro shongwe munyika - Tokyo Skytree, yakavakwa muna Japanese guru Tokyo muna 2012, zvisinei, kuva kukwirira 634 metres, rinopa anenge 12 metres achitambudzika vokuPoland hofori.

The soro nhurikidzwa dzakawanda iyoyo - Willis Tower, yakavakwa muna Chicago muna 1973, muNew York World Trade Center (1973) uye Empire State Building (1931), ukuwo, aiva nekukwirira akaenzana 443,2 m, 417 M uye 381 m, ndiro zvakare ndoda kupfuura Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe.

Pashure pokuwa zvivako Konstantinovo chanza pakati zvivako munyika chirefu kupfuura vakadzokera zvakare kuna KVLY. Asi pano ndicho chirefu kupfuura nokusingaperi chivakwa iyo iripo American rechikepe aisagona kubvisa. Nechekare akaputsa Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe vaiti zita kusvikira 2008, apo guru guta iri United Arab Emirates, Dubai yakavakwa Burj Khalifa. maumbirwo ichi ane kukwirira 828 metres, kureva, nokuda zvakawanda 182 metres yakareba kupfuura kureba Warsaw aiva hofori. Kusvikira nhasi, ari Burj Khalifa ndicho chirefu kupfuura chivako uye chivako nemunhu.

General zvechadenga Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe

Pane imwe nguva ari Warsaw redhiyo rechikepe ndiyo soro mamiriro munyika (646.4 m). Zvisinei, zvichida chaizvoizvo chinangwa mainjiniya panguva yayo kuvaka, kwete inoshanda basa kuvandudza kutepfenyura yepamusoro uye vawedzere nhau yacho. Just huru kukura rechikepe, uye akaita kuputsika.

Uye chii yatinayo wakawoma vakasara? Kuvaka anopfuura makore gumi ari chakasakara ezvinhu uye nemamiriro musoro soro nguva zvose vakarasika muna 2008. Nechekare vanhu vashoma yeuka pamusoro ichi guru building, asi munguva yake ucharangarira vanhu kunyange vashoma kusvikira mamiriro haazorambi chete kukoshesa Statistical handbooks.