Strelets hondo Peter I. Chii chinosiyanisa strelets mauto kubva kuhondo dzose

Strelets mauto, pakatangwa iyo inesungano 1550, pakutanga raiva vanhu zviuru zvitatu. Vose vakanga akachengetwa "varayirwa" munhu 500 neimwe uye vaiva munhu murindi Ivana Groznogo.

History chokusika

Old necheSalvic shoko "Sagittarius" anoreva wemiseve, chikuru chinoumba wehondo Ages. Gare gare muna Russia vakatsva atumidzwa vamiririri yokutanga nguva dzose mauto. Strelets Mauto chakatsiva varwi-Pishalnikov. Akarayira "varayirwa" Knights vana.

Vapfuri vakanga rimire Suburban ugari. Vakatsunga kuti mari of 4 rubles pagore. Strelets hondo zvishoma nezvishoma vakatanga kuita zvachose kuMoscow ravarwi.

Rubhabhatidzo wokutanga moto sezvo mauto dzose

Pakarepo mushure chitarisiko strelets nehondo yake vakagamuchira ayo rubhabhatidzo moto. Kuunganidza muna 1552 varwi kuti vabate Kazan, Ivan IV wehondo dzose uye izvi zvaisanganisira novoorganizovannoe chikwata. Munhoroondo kukombwa kwaizotevera storming muguta strelets mauto akaita basa rinokosha. It dzinongoita zvakabetsera kubudirira pamushandirapamwe kukunda Kazan Khanate.

Chevaux Ivan IV kuti, kunzwisisa kwavo uta, akatanga nokukurumidza kuwedzera nhamba yavo. Zvino 60s kwezana remakore rechi16 paiva vanenge 8000. By pamugumo 80s, nechekare pasi ushe mutsivi Ivan IV, Fedora Ioannovicha, - vanopfuura zviuru 12. Panguva iyoyowo, vanopfuura hafu - 7000 vouta - akararama zvachose muMoscow, uye vakasara - kune mamwe maguta, apo akatakurwa kazhinji ravarwi kana basa mapurisa.

Chii strelets uto

2000 Moscow musketeers vakanga vanonzi "Pokuda" chaizvoizvo dragoons uye inifanduri yakawira pamusoro mabhiza. Yakava chinokosha rati Moscow kunopera rechi16 mangwanani muzana remakore rechi17 uye. Zvinenge hapana mikuru mishandirapamwe, kusanganisira danidziro munguva wokuLivonia War, uye kuratidzwa kurwisa Moscow Crimean Tatars haana kuita pasina pavo.

Zvisinei, zvose kukosha hatifaniriwo kunyanya kuona chikwata ichi. Strelets mauto akasikwa kuti ndokudzinga kana kunyange kutsiva Local vamabhiza. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuitika. Pasinei chokwadi kuti uto iri chaizvo muedzo simba. Kunyange zvakadaro, vakanga anonoke vachiridzira pischal (wicking pfuti yairema 8 makirogiramu, mumwe caliber 22 mm uye zvakawanda anosvika 200 m), streltsi kumbova mukana zvikuru kubudirira. Vaifanira kuvhara kuvapo, nokuti iyo vakakwanisa yakarova muvengi pasina yokuzogumbura vanourayiwa panguva recharging zvombo ake antediluvian.

kukundikana

MuEurope, apo zvokudya vakanga vakabata zvakafanana butiro Vapfuri akatanga pikemen, asi Russian inowanzorimwa, vakanga asingabatsiri. Naizvozvo strelets mauto chinangwa ichi kushandisa dzinongoitika mipendero yacho kwenzvimbo, masango uye okunamata nawo. Akavanda seri kwavo, zvakakwanisika kuvimba abudirire kupangidza kurwiswa muvengi. Sezvazvakaitika, somuenzaniso, muna 1555, gore iri hondo Sudbischami apo strelets mauto vakakundwa Krymchaks, zvakavigwa memuouki uye achadzivirira kusvikira manheru apo Khan, achitya kusvika yakachena mauto eRussia havana pechikara.

Musiyano strelets mauto kubva kuhondo dzose

Zvizhinji "varayirwa" vanobudirira zvikuru vakaita ari kudzivirira uye kukombwa wakakombwa. Pashure pezvose, vakanga nguva kuronga zvakafanira kuzvidzivirira - Tours, kuhondo kana fenzi. Naizvozvo, dzekare vanoti, paaisika muviri musketeers Ivan Grozny uye ake nemakurukota vakaedza zvinobudirira kuchinja European ruzivo rakasikwa kugara inifanduri kune Russian chaizvo. Havana tinongoita kutevedzera "mhiri kwemakungwa" uto pakagadzwa, ihwohwo mhando mbiri kushandiswa inifanduri, uye vakanga imwe chete chete, asi inonyatsobudirira mune zvakananga ezvinhu Russia.

Education Strelets mauto anogona kunzi Russian rechiuto pakupindura pfungwa apo kuwedzera kubudirira Chinyorwa moto-maoko. Yaifanira ave kwokunwa yomunharaunda vamabhiza, rakanga vakabata kunyanya nokukanda uye melee zvombo. Zvisinei, nzvimbo kuzivikanwa mumutauro wokuRussia dzose hondo Musketeers uto kugona kutora imwe. Nokuti ichi kuva zvakasiyana, kwete chete nezvombo uye nzira, asiwo muvengi. Uye kusvikira zvikadaro, hondo iyi zvakaramba inokosha uye zvakakodzera, kunyange zviduku chezvinonhuwira rechi16 wehondo Russian.

Izvi rwakazoburitswa uye yakananga kurema nouta mairi. Pakazopera nemitanhatu remakore, maererano nokufungidzira siyana, nhamba varwi muhondo yeRussia ranged kubva 75 kusvika 110 zviuru vanhu. Nepo strelets hondo ane varwi vanenge 12,000, apo havasi vose vakakwanisa kuitawo kufora refu kana danidziro. Kunyange zvakadaro, dzinokosha danho kurutivi kusikwa kuRussia hutsva mhando wehondo yatorwa kare.

Strelets Mauto Peter

Mauto dzose Petro, akarongeka ari muenzaniso German, akanga yekudyidzana tibudirire. Muchiuto zvokubhadhara mari. Panyaya iyi, nokuti kwamachinda basa chaidiwa. For vanhuwo akataura kuhondo.

In Streltsi chete hondo varwi basa ravo akapa minda. Vazhinji vavo vairarama nemhuri dzavo vari Musketeers District ari oga ugari. Naizvozvo, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti tiite mabasa echiuto panguva yokudyara kana kukohwa, uta vakaramba.

By Ivanom Groznym strelets mauto uye chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich echiShinto "murayiro mutsva" kunobvumirwa chinhu Danho rinokosha munhau hondo dzose. Asi chero mauto aya hwakagara mu zvakafanana, havagoni kuva hondo yakabatana. The Warriors akanga asina nguva muchiuto. Uyezve, kunyange ivo echiShinto ari "kurongeka idzva" yapera ruvengo vaifanira kukurumidza, uye ipapo rokutsvaka, ari chaizvoizvo anoshevedza untrained vanhuwo zvavo.

Zvinosuruvarisa magumo

Mushure Azov mushandirapamwe Emperor Peter ndaigutsikana kuti mauto akanga nhaka, zviri zvachose kwete akakodzera zvakaoma zvechiuto uye enyika nezvinangwa kuti kuisa pacharo. Saka, zvinokosha zvikuru zvinoriumba pamusoro kuchinja iyoyo yakanga yakakura nokubatanidzwazve yose muchiuto nemamiriro rehurumende. Uye kupfuura zvose, zvakanga kusikwa uto dzose, iyo inobva vanopinza maitiro uye yakasiyana zvachose nheyo inotungamirwa Strelets mauto.

Kunyange zvakadaro, Pishalnikov Basil III uye Ivan IV vapfuri rwakagadzirira vanoenda masoja regiments pamadzimambo Mikhail Fedorovich uye Alexei Mikhailovich. Uye kare pamusoro pavo - zvakananga kuna Petro fuzeleram.

Pakarepo pashure pokupanduka 1699 Peter Mukuru akarayira yokubudisa strelets hondo, tichisiya mamwe kuti kushumira kumucheto Russia.