Tysyatsky - imwe akasarudzwa yeBazi Novgorod. How kusarudza tysyatskih uye kuti chikamu mabasa avo

Novgorod Republic ane nzvimbo yoga nzvimbo munhoroondo Russia yekare. Nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana idzi kwomuchinda simba hauzoti Mhedziso. Ushe Novgorod akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze zvachose muunganidzwa chokusarudza vanhurume mukuru. muunganidzwa ichi chainzi Chamber. Panguva Chamber akasarudza chii kuzodana muchinda kutonga, uye kwenguva yakareba sei, asi pano rinoshandiswa kusarudza musarudzo chinzvimbo, anobvumira kuti kudzora guta uye nyika yose. Mumwe munzvimbo idzi yainzi "tysyatsky". Rinobva pashoko "chiuru" uye akasarudzwa mukuru (mutungamiri) imwe nhamba yevanhu.

Sarudzo muna Novgorod. Ospoda

All Machinda muna Novgorod havana vagadzwa, asi vanosarudzwa kuti Chamber. Kuti Chamber wakadzikwa contractual ukama nedzimwe nyika, akadana machinda, tizivise hondo uye ave norugare; kubudikidza nomurayiro dare rakanga kuenda kuhondo kana rehurumende varwi, kuisa mitero, vakasarudzwa archbishops akazvipiwa zvokutengeserana kodzero vamiririri vatorwa, uye zvichingodaro. d. veche paKokorodzano kazhinji zvakakwana, asi simba muupenyu Novgorod vazvitambudze ospoda. Senior zvinzvimbo vakagaramo ospode akasimbisa vatengesi uye vanatenzi vakapfuma. Vakanga achibatsirwa nevamwe akasarudzwa machinda Novgorod, nzvimbo yavo vakadanwa burgomaster, meya kanchanskie, Sotsky, tysyatsky. Ndivo Vatongi chairo Novgorod. Ospodu dzinotungamirirwa Bhishopi, uyo, pamwe nekereke zvinoitika yakanga kuongororwa nedare, akatarisa nzira pamisangano, kusarudza pasi uye dzezvematongerwo enyika.

How kusarudza tysyatskih. zhiti vanhu

Tysyatsky - ane akasanangurwa chinzvimbo. Pakutanga tysyatskogo vakasarudzwa kubva zhitih vanhu - diki uye svikiro Varidzi vaiva mapindu yavo, asi havana munyaya kwamachinda ichi. Zhiti vanhu kashoma kuzvidzora zvakaipa nyika yavo. Kazhinji, nyika aisa rendi yavo, uye zvichiguma mari inenge yashandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana rokutengesa mabhizimisi. Rinotungamirirwa guta kanzuru, vakasagona. Kana posadniki - zvinowanzoda rakabva mhuri vakapfuma kuna Novgorod, ari tysyatskiye basa kubva kirasi pakati. Nguva iyo akasarudzwa tysyatsky muna Ancient Russia - iri gore rimwe. The kuitika burgomaster, tysyatsky akadana mwero vanhu. Vaya vakambotadza wakaitwa zvinzvimbo izvi, asi basa, inonzi akwegura. Pashure XIV c. tysyatskih basa chete kubva boyars, uye nzvimbo zvishoma nezvishoma kubva musarudzo vakagadzwa. Sezvo tysyatsky muna Ancient Russia - ndiko kunonyanya varikutonga bazi, kuti boyars aisada nzvimbo inogarwa nevanhu nemakirasi rezasi. Gare gare, pamwechete nenzvimbo simba kwomuchinda mune Novgorod kweutongi, uye kuwedzera kuMoscow weutungamiriri, nzvimbo vakagadzwa, uye nzvimbo tysyatskogo vaiva vanhu kubva yomukati yakaurungana muchinda.

Military mabasa tysyatskih

Tysyatsky - ichi ndechimwe kiyi zvinzvimbo ari Novgorod hugota. Sezvo panguva iyoyo pakanga pasina yakajeka kupatsanurwa kwemasimba, tysyatskiye aoma mitoro uye zvemitemo uye nevarikutonga, uye matare. Masimba tysyatskogo Chamber vakatsunga uye kuzvidzora ospodoy.

First tysyatsky Novgorod vakananga ari matunhu neminisiparati vanhu nevarwi. anopamba yokuzvidira kwakadaro Kunoumbwa vagari akasununguka vainzi munguva yehondo kuti maoko. Tysyatsky akarindira zvinoitwa vakawanda kudzidziswa varwi, kuchengetedza hurongwa mumusasa, akanga basa kuvaka masvingo. Muhofisi yake Kwaiva neuto dare - zvikabva yazvino pechigaro chokutonga. Tysyatsky Court akatakura pamusoro nevarwi nokuda hondo mhosva, ugororo, zvaibiwa kwakaenderera uye kusiya. Aidzorwa guta raiva tysyatskogo zvombo. Tysyatskiye akateerera meya - Executive mukuru masangano ari Republic of Novgorod.

Civic mabasa tysyatskih

Chikamu Executive nezvakatongwa simba Novgorod uyewo anomirira tysyatskim. Zviri machinda aya akaita chisarudzo kuungana reVanodzika, vakazivisa kuti vanhu chiito paungano mhinduro. Tysyatsky Novgorod kuti mapurisa cherechedzo pamusoro mutemo uye kuti. Muhofisi yake paiva nemazana vamiririri diki uye informers, uyo zviremera nekufambisa mashoko ose pamusoro guta. Uyezve, akaisa tysyatskogo aiva nekodzero aite vachirwisa uye kuronga anotsvaka, ivo vakadana yoruvazhe, inofanira nezvokudzokera pamusoro mhosva, kukurukura nevanhu pamusoro chisarudzo simba.

Zvaakatonga mabasa tysyatskih

Civil nokutonga akatorwa tysyatskim kunyanya kutengeserana. In dhipatimendi avo litigation pamusoro mvumo nokuti siyana emaoko dzaishandiswa kukakavadzana. Uyezve, tysyatsky zvisarudzo uye akabudisa zvakazvinakira munyaya dzinobatanidza duku mhosva uye vatevedzere mutemo.

Pashure pokukundwa ari Novgorod veche zvokuvhoterwa chehurumende havasisipo. Pamwe naye aenda navatana zvokuwedzera zvepamusoro Novgorod freemen.