Snotogorsky Monastery: iri kupi, mufananidzo

Nyika yePeckov inonyanya kuzivikanwa nemakona ayo akanaka, ari munzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi uye dzinowanzoyevedza chaizvo. Kuberekwa kweMhandara Yakaropafadzwa Mariya Simba reSinagogi reSnetogorsky nderimwe rezvivako zvekare zvekare zvinonakidza mazana emakore. Iye zvino ihosi yevakadzi yakashanda, iri 3.5 km kubva kuguta reP Pskov. Kutaura kwokutanga kwaro kunogona kuwanikwa munhoroondo dzezana remakore rechigumi nemana, asi pakutanga pakutanga kwaiva nemamende evanhu.

Snetogorsky Monastery, Pskov

Sangano rekugadzira svondo reSnetogorsky rinosanganisira Cathedral of the Birth of the Virgin, sangano rekucherechedza reSt. Nicholas (1519), yeBhishop's House (1805), matongo echemberi uye Church of the Ascension of the Lord (pakati pezana remakore rechi16), fence uye Holy Gates (XVII-XIX yezana remakore). Nhasi iri kumba kune hanzvadzi makumi matanhatu.

Inowanikwa pamhenderekedzo yakarurama yeVelikaya River paSnooty Mountain, iyo inodanwa nekuda kweve snet hove vabati vehove vemo vanobata pano. Izvo ndezvimwe zvisinganzwisisi apo Sedgororsky Monastery yakagadzwa. Maererano neimwe shanduro, iyo inogona kuvakwa nemamongi avo vakauya pano kubva kuGomo reAthos. Kune rimwe, iro ndiro guru, hegumen Joasaph akava muvambi wayo.

Kana iwe ukacherechedza muzvinyorwa zvezana remakore rechigumi nemana, unogona kuwana kubva kune rumwe ruzivo rwakaitwa musi waMarch 4, 1299 Snetogorsky Nativity yeMhandara yeMasitori yakatsva mavhiriki echiLibonian. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhondi Joashifa akafa, uye pamwe naye 17 mamwe mamonki.

Asi muzana remakore gumi nemana nezana nemashanu rechitanhatu imba yevahedheni irizve kuvakwazve, uye inova imwe yezvidzidzo zvepamusoro zveMweya. Izvozvi zvakare zvinotaurwa nekuvakwa kwechechi yebwe mukati mayo, yekutanga shure kwekusara kwenguva refu, yakabatana nekurwiswa kweMongolia paRussia.

Upenyu hutsva

Pakati pepakati pePikkov Krom (nhoroondo uye mutsika centre), pamabhandi eMupata wePikkov, muzana remakore rechiXIV kwaiva nenzvimbo yevahedheni. Gare gare (muna 1352) munzvimbo imwe chete kereke yaSt. John Mufundisi wekare akavakwa. Iyi farmstead inotsigira ukama hwehupfumi uye hwebhizimisi nevashambadziri vanobva kuBaltic States iri pedyo.

Mamiki eimba yemamongi panguva iyoyo aiva Reverend Fathers Euphrosynus wePhkov naVa Savva Krypetsky. Vakashanda pane nheyo dzeimwe dzimba dzepamusha dzakanga dzisati dziri kure neSpkov.

Snotogorsky monastery yakagamuchira machinda ePeckov aipedza basa uye vadiki, avo vakatora tulure yavo ipapo. Panguva yechirwere chema1420-1421 makore. Gavhuna weMoscow, Prince Fyodor Alexandrovich Rostovsky, akatemwa mumamonki pano, uyo akazorwara kwazvo, asi akadzokazve kuMoscow.

Muna 1416, muberere rechechi yakakura yemamoni, mwanakomana wa Prince Efstafievich weIzitsk akavigwa - Grigory. Muchikati chechechi pachako, nhasi unokwanisa kuona mahwendefa e ceramic ezana remakore rechi16 ne17. Pamuganhu weKathedral, nekufamba kwenguva, nzvimbo huru yemamende yemakuva yakakura. Kumadziro etemberi kwakawedzerwa mapepa ekunyora.

Yakawanikwa pahova yakazara-zhinji yeVelikaya, imba yevatemberi yaiwanzoita sehotera, apo vatengesi nevafambi vakagara. Muna 1472, akashanyirwa naSofia Paleologus , mambokadzi weByzantine uyo akabva kuItaly akaenda kuMoscow.

Munguva yeVivonian War (1558-1583), mauto ePoland Mambo Stefan Batory akaparadza mhondi. Dare rekereke iro rakava nemoto, somugumisiro wechikamu chekare chekare fresco yekurasikirwa yakarasika nokusingaperi, uye hama pachavo dzakatizira muruvazhe rwemamoni.

Kune mhondi, njodzi huru uye kuparadzwa zvakaunzwawo neCossacks uye mauto ePoland anonzi Lisovsky. Uye muna 1615 mhondi yakabatwa naSweden King Gustav Adolf, uyo, asi, haana kutora Pskov.

Kuvandudza uye kuora kwemuzinda wemamongi

Zvisinei, nezana remakore re XVII imba yematari yakatanga kuvaka zvakare. Izvi zvakarongedzwa nemuganhu weP Pskov (kuRussia izvi zvaive zvakakosha mune zvekutengeserana). Snetogoreki yevahedheni yakange ine guru guru rezvemari, rakabatanidzwa mukupa hondo uye kugadzira masvingo eguta racho.

Munguva yeNorth War, akazotambura zvakare nhamo. Moto wakatanga muna 1710 wakaparadza nyanzvi yekare yakawanda nedzimwe nhoroondo dzese dzenhoroondo dzine chokuita nenguva dzekusikwa kweimbasi.

Kuchinja kwenyika kwaCatherine II kwakatungamirira mhondi kuti irege kuderera. Uye muna 1804 yakaparadzwa, uye panzvimbo yayo yakasarudzwa kuronga imba yebhishop, uko muna 1816-1822. Akararama Bhishopishopu wePhkov Evgeny (Bolkhovitinov), uyo akanga asiri mushumiri anoshanda chete, asiwo munyori wenhau dzakaitika. Zvose zvekunamatira mabasa ainyanya kuitwa muchechi yeSt. Mutungamiri Vladimir (ndiye aimbova mucherechedzo weSt. Nicholas). Iyi mutezi yakanyarara yakashanyirwa nemudetembi mukuru AS Pushkin muna 1825.

Soviet time

Mushure megore raOctober Revolution, imba yeBhishopi yakaparadzwa. Kuparadzwa kwacho kwakakanganiswawo nechechi yekare yakawanda yedzimba dzevatorwa veStotogorsky, iyo yakatumidzwa kune zviyeuchidzo zvekare uye zvichienderana nekuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Nharaunda yose yemamoni yakapiwa kune imwe imba. Muna 1934, kereke yeVoznesenskaya yakava nekuparadzwa kwakakwana, ikozvino matongo anoramba aripo.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, imba yemamoni yakagadziridza imba huru yeboka rakasimba reGermany "North". MuSt. Nicholas Church, maGermany akaisa imba yemusangano, muchechi yepamusoro - nzvimbo yekutema uye yewaini yekuchengetera. Pamusoro pezvakasara zvechechi yeAscension garaji rakavakwa.

Mushure mokunge hondo, Snetogorsky mhenderekedzo yakanga isina kutarisirwa kuvandudza, yakashandurwa kuva sanatorium yevana uye imba yekuzorora. Iko chete mumakore makumi mashanu emasitadhi inotanga kuidzosera pane zvinyararire. Basa rekudzorera rusarura, rinoenderera mberi nekuenderera, rakatanga muna 1985.

Muna 1993, pakupedzisira, nunnery yakaendeswa kuSpeco Diocese. Utungamiri hweMweya hwakatanga kuitwa muSt. Nicholas Church. Munharaunda yemunamato kusvika nhasi uno inochengeterwa nzvimbo dzakadaro, sezvikamu zvezvinyorwa zveSt. Mufundisi Martyr Panteleimon, St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, St. Tikhon Zadonsky, St. Makarii Zheltovodsky, pamwe chete nemifananidzo ye Tikhvin uye Amai Amai Iberia.

Musi waJuly 26, 2012, Cathedral of the Birth of the Theotokos yakapiwa muStotogorsky Monastery kwemakore makumi mashanu.

Snetogorsky Monastery: Hermogen (Murtazov)

Hazvina kufadza kuziva chiremba weSnetogorsky nunnery - baba Hermogen (Murtazov). Iko paari iye ane mutoro mukuru wehupenyu hwose hwemararamiro.

Sezvaanotaura iye pachake, iye anobva kuTataria, asi zita rake harisi Tatar, sezvarinogona kuonekwa, asi iro rechiRussia chaiye, sezvo rinoguma ne "M" - Murtazov, mumutauro weTatar rinofanira kuguma ne "in". Baba Hermogenes vakaberekerwa munzvimbo yeNovo-Sheshminsky, uko Rwizi rweSheshma ruchiyerera kuenda kuNa, uko guta reChistopol riri pedyo, iro mhuri yake yose yakazotevera.

Nhoroondo yeChistopol yoruwa

Mumwe nomumwe mumhuri yake aive chiRussia. Nhoroondo, apo Ivan the Terrible akakunda Tataria, kuchengeta nyika dzose pasi pesimba, akatumira misha yose yeRussia imomo. Nharaunda yavo yakasikwa kubva kune vatorwa kubva kuSmolensk. Mumugwagwa weSvobodka, maiva nevashandi vaive vasingabhadharwi nemitero, Popushkina Street yaiva nepfuti, chechitatu yainzi Majeko, nekuda kwezvinangwa zvavakanga vashandura. Muzhinji, hondo yose yehondo. Munharaunda maiva nemisha yakawanda, semuMihailovka, munhu wese aiziva kuti kune rimwe boka reMikhailovsky, uye muEkaterinovka - re Catherine's regiment. Kudzivirirwa kwakakomba kwakadaro hakuna kubvumira kuratidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekutadza. Iyi nzvimbo yainzi Chistopol, nokuti pakutanga pakutanga yaiva munda wakachena. Kubva kuKazan iri anenge 200 km.

Chokwadi kubva ku biography

Kwakange kusina vapirisiti mumhuri, mai vake chete uye mbuya vainyanya kunamata. Mukoma wake - baba Nikon - vakazova hierodeacon muchivanze cheimba yeimba yaPyukhtitsky. Hanzvadzi inogara naHermogen muimba yemamongi. Amai vavo Magdalene vaiva nevana vatatu, uye vose vakava monastics. Baba vakafa muHurumende yePatriotic, mumazuva okutanga ehondo.

Ikoko kwaiva nechechi muChistopol, uye amai vaBaba vaGermogen, vachigoverana nevadzidzisi, vakatenga imba imomo. Baba Hermogen vakapedza kudzidza kuchikoro, saka vakashanda sevashandi, saka vakanyorerwa muBaku anti-aircraft artillery. Haana kumbobvisa pamuchinjikwa wake. Muchechi akaonana nemasisheni kubva kumakurukota evanhu vakavhara. Mushure mokudengenyeka, vasikana vaviri vekare nevakadzi vanoimba mumudzimai vakamugadzirira kuti vagamuchire kuSaratov seminary seminary.

Ikoko, mune seminari, muna 1959 Baba Hermogenes vakagamuchira upristi. Kubvira panguva iyo, yave makore makumi mashanu.

Mushure mekunge seminari gore rakapera akapinda muChikoro muUtatu-Sergius Lavra (pedyo neMoscow). Aiwanzoshanyira musha wemasitori yeP Pskov-Pechersky uye aida kugara ikoko muparisheni, asi akatumirwa kuTemberi Dormition Pyukhtitsky Monastery (Estonia) uye kubva muna 1965 akashumira ikoko kwemakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu.

Kusarudzwa patsva

Pamusoro pebasa rake semurevereri mumutevedzeri wemitambo akataura kuti munhu anofanira kunge ari gwenzi risina kubhururuka kupisa uye kwete kupisa. Kwenguva yakati baba vake vomudzimu vaiva John (Varimi). Vose pamwe chete, vakasarudza kuti Hermogen inofanira kubva muimba yemamende uye iende, kunyanya mushure mokunge avhura kaviri chironda chekubuda ropa. Ipapo Baba Germogen vakafunga kuti haasi kuzobvisa basa, uye saka akasarudza kurega basa. Mutungamiriri weHutsvene Hwake Alexy II, waaive naye muukama hwakanaka uye akavimbana, akamupa nzira yakawanda ndokutaura kuti aizosarudza imwe imbasi. Asi ipapo Vladyka Eusebius akauya uye akakumbira Baba Germogen kuti vabatsire musha wevatori veNyoka. Uye kubva panguva iyoyo akagara ipapo. Kubva kumusha wematemberi wePyukhtitsky, vaigara vachigamuchira rubatsiro, uye zvishoma nezvishoma monastery yakatanga kumutswa. Ihotera yakagadzirirwa vafambi, mapurazi emhuka, nezvimwewo.

Patriarch

Mukutanga kwaSeptember 2014, Patriarch Kirill pachake akashanyira musha wemasitori weNyoka. Muchechi yeNikolsky yakagamuchirwa naArimandrite Germogen (Murtazov) naAbbess, avo vakataura kuti kwemakore mazhinji Primate yeChechi yakashanyira nzvimbo yavo yekutanga.

Baba Hermogenes vakaratidza sechipo kuUtsvene hwake runyorwa rwechiratidzo cheMathvin Amai vaMwari, sezvo vanhu vePocrkov vaiwanzoenda kwaari kuti vabatsirwe munguva yeHigh Patriotic War.

Hurukuro yakaitwawo nemukuru wemhuri, uyo akabvuma kuti aifara kushanyira imwe yevakuru vematunhu makuru-Snegogorsky Convent yeDhechi yeDhechi, uyo akamboita basa rinokosha reimba yakasimba munzira yevavengi, asi akaparadzwa kare munguva ine rugare, apo Nharaunda yedamoni yakatanga kuve masangano eSoviet, kwete kurega zvivako zvemapuranga.

Mhedziso

Mufundisi uyu haana kuuya ari oga, asi neboka guru, uye akaratidza tariro yokuti nyaya dzakabatana nekudzorerwa kwezvivako zvemamoni dzichagadziriswa. Sechiratidzo chekuremekedza nekuonga, akapa mhondi chiratidzo cheSt. Petersburg. Makarios ane chikamu chezvinyorwa. Iye zvino tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti imba yose yeSnetogorsky ichadzorerwa zvakare. Baba Hermogenes ndiye mutariri akatendeka (semadzitateguru ake munguva yaJohani Anotyisa), uyo anozadzisa basa rake remweya uye rekudzidzisa, nemoyo wake wose nemweya wake, kutora vana vake.