Shpeer Albert: Biography, mapikicha, basa. Albert Speer pashure mujeri

Mapurani Shpeer Albert aiva munyori vakawanda huru madhorobha budiriro chirongwa muNazi Germany. Akanga ari pakarepo hwaiitwa Adolf Hitler uye vakanakidzwa isingawanzowanikwi chivimbo pamusoro Führer.

Early basa

Speer akaberekwa kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira Germany, muguta Mannheim, March 19, 1905. baba vake aiva mapurani, uye ndiye nekuvongwa iye kuti akaumba zvadzinofarira uye zvinofarirwa mukomana. Albert akadzidza mu Karlsruhe, Munich uye Berlin. At 22, akapedza kudzidza kubva Metropolitan College uye akava vaipupurirwa mapurani.

Speer mabasa rakatanga apo akava mudzidzisi. Sezvo mapurani pachake akati akanga chaizvo apolitical pauduku hwake, uye vechidiki. Zvisinei, panguva ino, Germany akanga achipfuura dambudziko dambudziko, nokuti chii yazova yakakurumbira zvikuru Nazi Party. Muna 1930, Shpeer Albert akabatana ayo pamisara pashure akanzwa mashoko yaHitler, zvaakanga ane akafuridzirwa chaizvo uye akasiya simba pfungwa.

Kubatana yebato reNazi

The Jaya aisangova nhengo yebato. Iye akasangana panhengo dutu vamabhiza (SA). Zvematongerwo enyika hazvina kumutadzisa kukura nenyanzvi. Iye munzvimbo yake chizvarwa Mannheim uye vakatanga kugamuchira maodha kugadzirwa zvivako zvirongwa. The utungamiriri bato iri kurega tarenda muduku. VaNazi akabhadhara nokuda vavakezve imba, iyo dzimba mabasa NSDAP.

Vavakezve pakuvaka bazi Anoparadzirwa

Kunyange ipapo, Shpeer Albert akanga zvakananga vanoziva utungamiriri bato. Muna 1933, Hitler ikazosvika simba. Ipapo Goebbels, Speer akapa kupfuura basa panguva iyo basa naye - kuvakazve yechinyakare building, iyo aifanira kutanga basa Bazi Anoparadzirwa. Raiva mamiriro mutsva akasikwa nevaNazi vakauya simba. Ushumiri akanga akawanda madhipatimendi - .. Administrative, kukonzera kwechaunga, anoparadzirwa, redhiyo, mabhuku, etc. Vazhinji ruzhinji zvikoro zvinosanganisira zviuru zvakawanda mudonzvo. Aifanira kukodzera muimba itsva, saka kuti kwete chete ushande zvinobudirira, asiwo Kurumidza kutaura nemumwe. mabasa ose aya pamberi chikwata inotungamirwa Shpeer Albert. Anoshanda chinzvimbo mapurani rakafuridzirwa chivimbo chokuti achaita kukurira basa rayo. Uye zvakaitika. Panguva basa , Albert Speer vakandoteka pfungwa Führer. Hitler akanga pachake mapurani ake - Paul Troost. Speer akagadzwa mubatsiri wake.

Assistant Paul Troost

Paul Troost aiva nemukurumbira basa rake muMunich, apo Hitler akararama kwemakore akawanda. Somuenzaniso, izvi ndizvo yakakurumbira Brown House, apo kusvikira pakuguma hondo raiva muzinda Bavarian reNazi Party. Muna 1934 Troost akafa - nguva pfupi pashure Speer akagadzwa mubatsiri wake.

Pashure nokurasikirwa uku, Hitler akaita ake vaduku nyanzvi mapurani pachavo, kuti ape naye inokosha zvirongwa. Shpeer Albert vakasimudza kugadzirisa guru Reich Chancellery. A gore asati afa Troost akanga anokonzera aurayiwe of Party Congress unhu yakaitwa muNuremberg. Kokutanga yose Germany akaona kuratidzwa chiratidzo Third Reich hombe - dzvuku jira chiratidzo Black Eagle. Congress iyi yakatorwa ari anoparadzirwa inonzi "Victory Kutenda". The neshasha ine zvakawanda zvakanga patepi, aiva Albert Speer. Mapurani kubva nguva akazviratidza muna yepakarepo pedyo Adolf Hitler.

Pasinei nekuwandirwa kwavo nebasa Shpeer Albert, uyo upenyu pachake kwakasimbiswa kwazvo, usakanganwa nezvemhuri yako. Akanga akaroora Margaret Weber, vaiva 6 vana.

Berlin kugadzirisa

Muna 1937, Shpeer Albert akagadzwa inisipekita mukuru youmambo guru, ndiye anokonzera kuvakwa. The mapurani akarayirwa kuti kunyora rokuvakazve rakazara Berlin. The hurongwa yakapera muna 1939.

Maererano marongerwo, Berlin aifanira kuwana zita idzva - nyika guru Germany. Mutsara uyu zvinoratidza wakazara anoparadzirwa uye pfungwa panobva kugadzirisa guta. The zita rinoshandiswa muchiLatin shanduro chiperengo kweshoko "Germany". In German raireva kwete nyika (Deutschland), uye wake zvechikadzi mufananidzo. Yaiva nyika zvinofananidzira, rakanga rakakurumbira XIX remakore, apo pakanga pasina kubatana Germany. Vagari vakawanda zvemisoro vaidavira mufananidzo kuti zvakafanana yose vanhu German, pasinei mundima mamiriro akararama.

On nekubatwa guru idzva kushanda zvakananga Adolf Hitler uye boka racho ake Albert Speer. akitekicha veguta aifanira kuva akakura, kuti dai kufananidzira nzvimbo dzenyika. In ake paruzhinji kutaura, Hitler akataura kakawanda guru idzva. Maererano pfungwa yake, guta aifanira kuva akafanana Bhabhironi kana Rome panguva kuvapo rekare hwacho. Chokwadi, London uye Paris sokuti dzematunhu guta mukuenzaniswa kwairi.

Vazhinji pfungwa Führer vakatambura papepa Shpeer Albert. Photo kweBerlin ano vanogona dzinewo dzimwe pfungwa dzake rakatangwa. Somuenzaniso, zviri inonyatsozivikanwa mwenje kuti vave ndakagadza pedyo Gate Charlottenburg. Guru raifanira zvapararira kubudikidza namasanhu maviri migwagwa raizoita nyore kuwana rin'i mugwagwa yakapoteredza guta. In mumwoyo Reich Chancellery vangadai, pamusoro rokuvakazve iyo vakamboshanda Albert Speer. Projects pamusoro mapurani chokuita kugadzirisa Berlin, vakanga kunotenderwa Führer.

To Speer nekukurumidza kwaigona kuupenyu chinhu chinzvimbo, Hitler akamupa masimba kusingaenzaniswi. The mapurani vaisagona kunyange kufunga maonero ari Berlin hurumende guta, kusanganisira wedzimhosva. It rinotaurawo nedhigirii kukuru chivimbo kuti Hitler akanga boka racho ake.

Implementation nechirongwa

The kugadzirisa guta rakanga kutange kuparadzwa hombe chokugara nzvimbo, iro musha zvuru 150 nevagari. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti muguta guru vazhinji pokugara. Kuti agadzirise pokugara itsva dzokugara muBerlin vakatanga zvaisarudza pamusoro pavaJudha, avo vakanga vadzingwa Inn mhuri dzavo. We akapa pokugara kuti misha yavo, ane dzokugara dzakanga kuparadzwa nokuda pedutu.

Basa kwakatangwa pamusoro avaida Yechipiri World War uye kusvikira 1943, apo vakawanda maronda ari fronts siyana kwakatungamirira nezvinetso zvemari. Rokuvakazve rave chando kusvikira nguva nani, asi haana idzva nokuda kukundwa of Third Reich.

Zvinofadza kuti kugadzirisa kwakaitwa kwete chete nzvimbo dzinogarwa. Cemetery vakaparadzwa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana muguta. Panguva vavakezve zvakanzi reburied vanenge 15 zviuru zvitunha.

hall Vanhu

Folk Hall aiva mumwe pfungwa inonyanya kukosha kuti vakanga dzaitaurwa gadziriro chirongwa Zvokuvakazve kweBerlin. Chivako ichi chaiva azviise kuchamhembe guru uye kuva chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha simba German wehurumende. Sezvo kwakarongwa Speer, huru neeimba aigona kuisa vanenge zviuru 150 vashanyi panguva Kupemberera.

Muna May 1938, Hitler akashanyira Rome. In guru yekare akashanyira vazhinji Antiquities, kusanganisira Pantheon. Ndicho ichi chivako akava kumumvuri of Hall the People. Berlin anoronga kuvaka Pantheon yepamusoro machena uye girenayiti. Hitler aitarisira kuti chivako vachamira kwemakore anenge gumi nezviviri. Uyewo nezvimwe zvivako zvinokosha guru idzva, Folk Hall yaifanira yakavakwa 1950, apo Germany pakupedzisira wakakunda Europe.

Korona rising kuvakwa yaiva kuti chirongwa chiri gumi nguva bhuku cheSt yaPetro Basilica iri Vatican. Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti pakuvaka Hall aigona arasikirwe reGermany papfuma bhiriyoni Reichsmarks.

nhengo Reichstag

Sezvo kutanga hondo dzakawanda nyanzvi basa Speer yave chokuita guru, uyewo akatanga ndiitewo zvechechi upenyu guta. Kubva muna 1941 kusvika 1945 mapurani aiva nhengo Berlin Reichstag. Akanga akasarudzirwa kumadokero constituency kweguta.

Reich Gurukota zvombo zvehondo uye zvombo

Muna 1942 ari ikatsva pedyo Rastenburg akafa Reich chombo uye zvombo Fritz Todt. The shama romukova ndisingafungidziri akagadzwa Albert Speer. The Biography munhu uyu muenzaniso Biography ane nhengo dzebato kurangwa uyo nokushingaira kuita basa rake, chero chii nzvimbo achisimudzira.

Speer uyewo mhosva vakaongorora simba uye migwagwa muGermany. Vaigara ari maindasitiri mabhizimisi munyika uye vakaita zvose kuitira kuti vari kwenguva refu sezvinobvira panguva zvizere chinzvimbo, unokupai hondo zvose unofanira maererano zvachose hondo. Panzvimbo ino, yakawanda Speer collaborated pamwe Genrihom Gimmlerom, uyo aitarisira yevasungwa. Reich Minister akakwanisa pave hurongwa zvoupfumi umo zvakanaka wehurumende kwaibva wechibharo vasungwa. Panguva ino, vakuru zvose uye utano vokuGermany vakarwa pamberi, saka indasitiri aifanira kuva nezvimwe zvinhu.

Okupedzisira mwedzi hondo

Spring 1944 zvakanga zvakaoma Speer. Iye akarwara uye vasingagoni kushanda. Pamwe nokuti asipo, asi nokuda kworutivi nokuda dambudziko hwenyika panguva ino, indasitiri yokuGermany yakanga yava kuda kuparara. Summer kundikana rangano, chinangwa raiva chigaro Hitler akanga kufukidzwa. vatengesi matsamba wawanikwa, umo vakakurukura pfungwa kuita Speer gurukota muhurumende itsva. Mapurani chete chishamiso vakakwanisa kuti vepamusoro yeNazi vagutsikane mune chokwadi kuti akanga asiri muzvirongwa nokumukira. Uye akabata basa yaHitler rudo nokuda Reichsminister.

Mumwedzi mishoma iri hondo Speer akaedza kuita kuti Führer haana kushandisa yakatsva pasi nehurumende. Kusiya guta, uko dzairwisa akaswedera, vokuGermany zvinoodza kuparadza yose indasitiri, kuti kuomesa upenyu vavengi vavo munzira inogumbura. Reich akaziva kuti zano iri harisi chete nengozi mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany, asiwo Third Reich, apo hondo hakuna yakatsiga kushanda vachida. Migwagwa uye kwezvivako vakave nokuparadzwa anoshongwa uye kutokonora. Carpet kubhomba inokosha vanonangwa muGermany zvazova chiitiko dzose, kunyanya pashure mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vakanga yabatana vokuAmerica.

Nokusungwa uye kutendiswa

Speer akasungwa May 23, 1945. Aiva mumwe vashoma wakanditsiva pakuzvidzwa mhosva muna muNuremberg Trials. The mapurani zvakare vakapukunyuka rufu, kusiyana vazhinji vaaishanda navo muhurumende Nazi. The huru mhosva Reich akapomerwa kushandisa basa kwevasungwa yevasungwa. Speer akarishandisa apo mutariri German indasitiri. Mhosva yake, akatongerwa mujeri izwi kwemakore 20.

Musungwa akatumwa Spandau. Mujeri vemo hwaidzorwa mana batana nyika. Akakushandira dzavo yanyatsokwana uye yakabudiswa muna 1966.

Asunungurwa,

Muna 1969, Albert Speer (pashure mujeri) rakapa akanyorwa mujeri memoir, "Ndangariro." Bhuku pakarepo akava Bestseller iri US uye Europe. MuSoviet Union Reich netsamba hadzina rakabudiswa. Izvi zvakaitika mushure pokuwa rechiKomonisiti wehurumende.

Mumakore 90 kuRussia rakabudiswa kwete chete "Ndangariro", asi mamwe mabhuku uyewo zvishoma Speer. Mavari, akarondedzera kwete chete mamiriro ezvinhu ari yepamusoro echelons of Third Reich, asiwo akaedza kutsanangura maitiro ake panguva hurumende munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Albert Speer pashure mujeri yaigara vakadekara kuonekwe Bourgeois Europe. Muna 1981, akafa pakashanya kuLondon.